Ta yaya CentOS ke ƙarawa/cire ƙaƙƙarfan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya SWAP musanya fayiloli da ɓangarori?

CentOSYadda ake ƙara/cire rumbun ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya SWAP musanya fayiloli da ɓangarori da hannu?

Menene rabon musanya? SWAP shine yankin musanya, kuma aikin SWAP sarari shine lokacinLinuxLokacin da ƙwaƙwalwar jiki na tsarin ba ta isa ba, za a saki wani ɓangare na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar jiki don ƙara ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar jiki, ta yadda abin da ke gudana a halin yanzu.软件amfani da shirin.

Fa'idodin amfani da Swap don musanya ɓangarori

Daidaita saitunan haɓakawa na SWAP yana da matukar mahimmanci don aikace-aikacen sabar gidan yanar gizo. Idan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar jiki bai isa ba, zaku iya adana ƙimar haɓakar tsarin LINUX yadda ya kamata ta saita ɓangaren SWAP ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.

Menene ya kamata ya zama girman ɓangaren musanya?

An ƙayyade girman ɓangaren musanyar SWAP bisa ga girman ainihin ƙwaƙwalwar tsarin da software da aka yi amfani da ita.

Shawarwari don CentOS da RHEL6 sune kamar haka. Da fatan za a yi gyare-gyaren ingantawa masu dacewa dangane da takamaiman yanayi:

• 4GB na RAM yana buƙatar mafi ƙarancin 2GB na musanyawa
• 4GB zuwa 16GB RAM yana buƙatar mafi ƙarancin 4GB na musanyawa
• 16GB zuwa 64GB na RAM yana buƙatar mafi ƙarancin 8GB na musanyawa
• 64GB zuwa 256GB na RAM yana buƙatar mafi ƙarancin 16GB na musanyawa

Duba žwažwalwar ajiya na yanzu da kuma musanya girman sarari (tsohuwar naúrar k, -m naúrar ita ce M):
free -m

Sakamakon da aka nuna sune kamar haka (misali):
jimlar adana abubuwan raba kyauta da aka yi amfani da su
Lambar: 498 347 151 0 101 137
-/+ masu buffer/cache: 108 390
Canji: 0

Idan Swap shine 0, yana nufin a'a, kuma kuna buƙatar ƙara ɓangaren musanyar SWAP da hannu.

(Lura: VPS tare da gine-ginen OPENVZ baya goyan bayan ƙara ɓangaren musanya SWAP da hannu)

Akwai nau'ikan 2 na ƙara SWAP swap space:

• 1. Ƙara sashin musanya SWAP.
• 2. Ƙara fayil ɗin musanya SWAP.

Ana ba da shawarar ƙara ɓangaren musanya na SWAP; idan babu sauran sarari kyauta da yawa, ƙara fayil ɗin musanyawa.

Duba bayanin SWAP (gami da fayil ɗin musanya SWAP da cikakkun bayanan bangare):

swapon -s
ko
cat /proc/swaps

(Idan babu ƙimar SWAP da aka nuna, yana nufin cewa ba a ƙara sararin SWAP ba)

Ga misalin yadda ake ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin SWAP:

1. Ƙirƙiri musayar 1GB

dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap bs=1k count=1024k
mkswap /swapfile
swapon /swapfile
echo "/home/swap swap swap default 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
sudo sysctl -w vm.swappiness=10
echo vm.swappiness = 10 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf

2. Ƙirƙiri musayar 2GB

dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap bs=1k count=2048k
mkswap /home/swap
swapon /home/swap
echo "/home/swap swap swap default 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
sudo sysctl -w vm.swappiness=10
echo vm.swappiness = 10 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf

(Gamawa)

Wadannan ƙarin cikakkun bayanai ne:

1. Yi amfani da umarnin dd don ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin musanyawa

1G memory
dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap bs=1024 count=1024000

2G memory:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap bs=1k count=2048k

Ta wannan hanyar, an ƙirƙiri fayil / gida/swap, girman 1024000 shine 1G, girman 2048k kuma shine 2G.

2. Yi fayil a tsarin musanya:
mkswap /home/swap

3. Yi amfani da umarnin swapon don hawa ɓangaren fayil zuwa ɓangaren musanyawa
/sbin/swapon /home/swap

Bari mu duba tare da umarnin-m kyauta kuma mu gano cewa akwai rigar fayil ɗin musanyawa.
free -m

Amma bayan sake kunna tsarin, fayil ɗin musanyawa ya sake zama 0.

4. Domin hana fayil ɗin musanyawa ya zama 0 bayan sake farawa, gyara fayil ɗin /etc/fstab

A ƙarshen (layin ƙarshe) na /etc/fstab fayil ƙara:
/home/swap swap swap default 0 0

(Don haka ko da an sake kunna tsarin, fayil ɗin musanyawa yana da daraja)

Ko kai tsaye yi amfani da umarni mai zuwa don ƙara umarnin daidaitawa ta atomatik ta sake farawa:
echo "/home/swap swap swap default 0 0
" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab

A waɗanne yanayi ne VPS ke amfani da wurin musayar SWAP?

Ba bayan an cinye duk ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar jiki ba kafin amfani da sararin musanyar SWAP, amma ana ƙaddara ta ƙimar siga na musanyawa.

• swappiness=0 yana nufin iyakar amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar jiki, sannan sarari don musayar SWAP.
• swappiness=100 yana nuna cewa ana amfani da sararin musanya sosai, kuma ana canja bayanan da ke cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya zuwa wurin musanya cikin lokaci.

Yadda za a saita sigar swappiness?

Gyara na ɗan lokaci:

Gyaran dindindin:

Ƙara waɗannan sigogi zuwa fayil /etc/sysctl.conf:
vm.swappiness=10

(Ajiye, zai fara aiki bayan sake farawa)

ko shigar da umarnin kai tsaye:
echo vm.swappiness = 10 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf

Share fayil ɗin musanya SWAP

1. Dakatar da musanya bangare na farko

/sbin/swapoff /home/swap

2. Share fayil ɗin ɓangaren musanya

rm -rf /home/swap

3. Share umarnin daidaitawa ta atomatik

vi /etc/fstab

Cire wannan layin:

/home/swap swap swap default 0 0

(Wannan zai share fayil ɗin musanyawa da aka ƙara da hannu)

Lura:

• 1. Tushen mai amfani ne kawai za a iya amfani dashi don ƙara ko goge ayyukan musanyawa.
• 2. Yana da alama cewa ɓangaren swap da aka keɓe lokacin shigar da tsarin VPS ba za a iya share shi ba.
• 3. Bangaren musanya gabaɗaya ya ninka girman ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.