Yuav ua li cas CentOS manually ntxiv / tshem tawm virtual nco SWAP swap cov ntaub ntawv & muab faib?

CentOSYuav ua li cas manually ntxiv / tshem tawm virtual nco SWAP swap cov ntaub ntawv & muab faib?

Dab tsi yog qhov sib faib faib? SWAP yog thaj chaw sib pauv, thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm SWAP qhov chaw yog thaum twgLinuxThaum lub cev nco ntawm lub cev tsis txaus, ib feem ntawm lub cev lub cim xeeb yuav raug tso tawm los ntxiv rau lub cev tsis txaus, yog li tam sim no khiav.Softwarekev siv.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv Swap rau swap partitions

Kev hloov kho ntawm SWAP optimization nqis yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm Web server.Yog tias lub cev nco tsis txaus, lub cim xeeb virtual SWAP muab faib tuaj yeem siv los txuag tus nqi ntawm LINUX qhov kev hloov kho tshiab.

Dab tsi yuav tsum yog qhov loj ntawm qhov sib pauv faib?

Qhov loj ntawm SWAP swap muab faib yog txiav txim siab raws li qhov loj ntawm qhov tseeb system nco thiab software siv.

Cov lus qhia rau CentOS thiab RHEL6 yog raws li hauv qab no. Thov ua kom qhov kev hloov kho kom haum raws li qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb:

• 4GB ntawm RAM yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 2GB ntawm qhov chaw sib pauv
• 4GB txog 16GB RAM yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 4GB ntawm qhov chaw sib pauv
• 16GB txog 64GB ntawm RAM yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 8GB ntawm qhov chaw sib pauv
• 64GB txog 256GB ntawm RAM yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 16GB ntawm qhov chaw sib pauv

Saib lub cim xeeb tam sim no thiab qhov chaw sib pauv loj (default unit yog k, -m chav tsev yog M):
free -m

Cov txiaj ntsig tau tshwm sim yog raws li hauv qab no (piv txwv):
tag nrho siv dawb sib koom buffers cached
Ib: 498 347 151 0 101 137
-/+ buffers/cache: 108 390
Sib: 0

Yog tias Swap yog 0, nws txhais tau tias tsis yog, thiab koj yuav tsum tau manually ntxiv SWAP sib pauv muab faib.

(Faj seeb: VPS nrog OPENVZ architecture tsis txhawb manually ntxiv SWAP sib pauv muab faib)

Muaj 2 hom kev ntxiv SWAP swap qhov chaw:

• 1. Ntxiv SWAP sib pauv muab faib.
• 2. Ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv SWAP swap.

Nws raug nquahu kom ntxiv SWAP sib pauv faib; yog tias tsis muaj ntau qhov chaw seem seem, ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv sib pauv.

Saib SWAP cov ntaub ntawv (xws li SWAP swap cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntsiab lus muab faib):

swapon -s
lossis
cat /proc/swaps

(Yog tias tsis muaj SWAP tus nqi tso tawm, nws txhais tau tias qhov chaw SWAP tsis tau ntxiv)

Nov yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm yuav ua li cas los tsim cov ntaub ntawv SWAP:

1. Tsim kev sib pauv 1GB

dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap bs=1k count=1024k
mkswap /swapfile
swapon /swapfile
echo "/home/swap swap swap default 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
sudo sysctl -w vm.swappiness=10
echo vm.swappiness = 10 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf

2. Tsim kev sib pauv 2GB

dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap bs=1k count=2048k
mkswap /home/swap
swapon /home/swap
echo "/home/swap swap swap default 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
sudo sysctl -w vm.swappiness=10
echo vm.swappiness = 10 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf

(Xaus)

Cov hauv qab no yog cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxiv:

1. Siv cov lus txib dd los tsim cov ntaub ntawv sib pauv

1g nco
dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap bs=1024 count=1024000

2G nco:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap bs=1k count=2048k

Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, ib daim ntawv / tsev / swap yog tsim, qhov loj ntawm 1024000 yog 1G, thiab qhov loj ntawm 2048k yog 2G.

2. Ua ib cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv swap format:
mkswap /home/swap

3. Siv cov lus txib swapon rau mount cov ntaub ntawv muab faib rau qhov sib pauv faib
/sbin/swapon /home/swap

Cia peb saib nrog cov lus txib dawb -m thiab pom tias twb muaj cov ntaub ntawv sib pauv lawm.
free -m

Tab sis tom qab rov pib lub system, cov ntaub ntawv sib pauv ua 0 dua.

4. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv sib pauv los ua 0 tom qab rov pib dua, hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv /etc/fstab

Thaum kawg (kab kawg) ntawm /etc/fstab cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv:
/home/swap swap swap default 0 0

(Yog li txawm tias lub kaw lus rov pib dua, cov ntaub ntawv sib pauv tseem muaj txiaj ntsig)

Los yog ncaj qha siv cov lus txib hauv qab no ntxiv rau qhov rov pib tsis siv neeg mount configuration hais kom ua:
echo "/home/swap swap swap default 0 0
" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab

Raws li qhov xwm txheej twg VPS siv qhov chaw sib pauv SWAP?

Nws tsis yog tom qab tag nrho lub cev nco tau noj ua ntej siv SWAP swap qhov chaw, tab sis nws yog txiav txim los ntawm tus nqi parameter ntawm swappiness.

• swappiness = 0 txhais tau hais tias qhov siab tshaj plaws siv lub cev nco, thiab tom qab ntawd qhov chaw rau SWAP pauv.
• swappiness = 100 qhia tias qhov chaw sib pauv tau nquag siv, thiab cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub cim xeeb raug xa mus rau qhov chaw sib pauv hauv lub sijhawm.

Yuav ua li cas teem lub swappiness parameter?

Kev hloov kho ib ntus:

Kev hloov kho tas mus li:

Ntxiv cov kev txwv hauv qab no rau cov ntaub ntawv /etc/sysctl.conf:
vm.swappiness=10

(Txuag, nws yuav siv tau tom qab rov pib dua)

los yog sau cov lus txib ncaj qha:
echo vm.swappiness = 10 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf

Tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv SWAP swap

1. Nres qhov sib pauv faib ua ntej

/sbin/swapoff /home/swap

2. Rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv sib pauv muab faib

rm -rf /home/swap

3. Rho tawm qhov tsis siv neeg mount configuration hais kom ua

vi /etc/fstab

Tshem tawm kab no:

/home/swap swap swap default 0 0

(Qhov no yuav rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv sib pauv manually ntxiv)

Nco tseg:

• 1. Tsuas yog tus neeg siv hauv paus tuaj yeem siv los ntxiv lossis tshem tawm cov haujlwm sib pauv.
• 2. Nws zoo nkaus li tias qhov sib pauv faib faib thaum txhim kho VPS tsis tuaj yeem raug muab tshem tawm.
• 3. Qhov sib pauv muab faib feem ntau yog ob npaug ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub cim xeeb.