Lub npe tag nrho ntawm Redis RDB yog dab tsi? Redis RDB nco cov ntaub ntawv txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm hom

Lub npe tag nrho ntawm RDB yogRedis database.

• Raws li lub npe qhia, RDB yog Redis database siv los khaws cov ntaub ntawv.
• Yog li ntawd, los ntawm RDB persistence, cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb Redis yog sau rau RDB cov ntaub ntawv thiab khaws cia rau hauv lub disk kom ua tau persistence.
• Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm Redis yog tias nws tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog, sau cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub cim xeeb rau disk kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv ploj, thiab tseem tuaj yeem thauj cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm disk rau hauv lub cim xeeb.

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Redis thaum pib yog tag nrho raws li kev nco, yog li kev ua haujlwm siab heev, tab sis thaum qhov program raug kaw, cov ntaub ntawv ploj.

Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum sau cov ntaub ntawv hauv nco rau disk ntawm lub sijhawm teev tseg, uas yog Snapshot hauv jargon.

Thaum rov kho dua, cov ntaub ntawv snapshot yog sau ncaj qha rau lub cim xeeb.

Qhov no kuj yog ib qho ntawm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Redis thiab Memcached, vim tias Memcached tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj peev xwm.

Rau kev pheej hmoo ntawm Redis cov ntaub ntawv nco, Redis muab peb cov hauv qab no:

• Snapshot method (RDB, Redis DataBase): sau cov ntaub ntawv nco rau disk hauv binary daim ntawv ntawm lub sijhawm;
• Append Only File (AOF, Append Only File), sau tag nrho cov lus txib ua haujlwm, thiab ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv hauv daim ntawv;
• Hybrid persistence, ib txoj kev tshiab tom qab Redis 4.0, hybrid persistence sib txuas qhov zoo ntawm RDB thiab AOF.Thaum sau ntawv, ua ntej sau cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no mus rau qhov pib ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm RDB, thiab tom qab ntawd txuag cov kev ua haujlwm tom ntej rau cov ntaub ntawv hauv daim ntawv ntawm AOF, uas tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog xyuas kom ceev ntawm Redis rov pib dua, tab sis kuj txo. kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv poob.

Vim tias txhua txoj kev ua kom tsis muaj zog muaj cov xwm txheej siv tshwj xeeb.

Redis RDB nco cov ntaub ntawv txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm hom

• RDB (Redis DataBase) yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sau ib lub cim xeeb snapshot (Snapshot) ntawm ib lub sijhawm rau disk hauv binary daim ntawv.
• Memory snapshots yog qhov peb tau hais saum toj no.Nws yog hais txog lub xeev cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm ib lub sij hawm.
• Qhov no zoo ib yam li kev yees duab thaum koj thaij duab ntawm ib tug phooj ywg, ib daim duab tuaj yeem sau tag nrho cov duab ntawm tus phooj ywg tam sim ntawd.
• Muaj ob txoj hauv kev los ua RDB: ib qho yog kev taw qhia, thiab lwm qhov yog tsis siv neeg triggering.

Manually ua rau RDB

Muaj ob txoj haujlwm los ua manually ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo:save和bgsave.

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lawv yog seb puas los yog tsis thaiv qhov kev tua ntawm Redis lub ntsiab xov.

1. txuag cov lus txib

Ua raws li cov lus txib txuag ntawm tus neeg siv khoom yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm Redis, tab sis nws tseem yuav ua rau Redis nyob rau hauv lub xeev thaiv, nws yuav tsis teb rau cov lus txib xa los ntawm lwm tus neeg siv kom txog rau thaum RDB tsis tu ncua, yog li nws yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj hauv qhov chaw tsim khoom.

127.0.0.1:6379> save
OK
127.0.0.1:6379>

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua tiav cov lus txib yog qhia hauv daim duab 

2. bgsave lus txib

• bgsave (tom qab txuag) yog kev txuag keeb kwm yav dhau.
• Qhov loj tshaj qhov sib txawv ntawm nws thiab cov lus txib txuag yog tias bgsave yuav fork tus me nyuam cov txheej txheem los ua persistence.
• Tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsuas yog thaum tus txheej txheem me nyuam diav rawg.Tsuas muaj luv luv xwb.
• Tom qab cov txheej txheem me nyuam raug tsim, cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm Redis tuaj yeem teb cov lus thov los ntawm lwm tus neeg siv khoom.

nrog thaiv tag nrho cov txheej txheemsavepiv rau cov lus txibbgsaveKev hais kom ua yog pom tseeb tsim nyog rau peb siv.

127.0.0.1:6379> bgsave
Background Saving started # 提示开始后台保存 
127.0.0.1:6379>

Automatically ua rau RDB

Tom qab tham txog phau ntawv triggering, cia peb saib tsis siv neeg triggering.Peb tuaj yeem teeb tsa cov xwm txheej rau kev tsis siv neeg ua rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa.

1. cawm mn

• txuag mn txhais tau hais tias nyob rau hauv m vib nas this, yog n yuam sij hloov, persistence yog cia li triggered.Parameters m thiab n tuaj yeem pom hauv Redis configuration file.
• Piv txwv li, txuag 60 1 txhais tau hais tias nyob rau hauv 60 vib nas this, tsuav yog ib qho kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb, RDB persistence yuav tshwm sim.
• Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev txiav txim siab tsis tu ncua yog tias yog tias qhov teeb meem tshwm sim tau ntsib, Redis yuav cia li ua tiav cov lus txib bgsave ib zaug.

Nco tseg: Thaum ntau yam kev txuag mn tau teeb tsa, ib qho xwm txheej yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo.

Piv txwv li, peb tau teeb tsa ob qho nram qab no txuag mn commands:

save 60 10
save 600 20

• Thaum Redis tus nqi tseem ceeb hloov pauv 60 zaug hauv 10s, kev ua siab ntev yuav tshwm sim;
• Yog tias Redis tus yuam sij hloov hauv 60s, thiab yog tias tus nqi hloov pauv tsawg dua 10 zaug, Redis yuav txiav txim siab seb Redis tus yuam sij tau hloov pauv li cas tsawg kawg 600 zaug hauv 20s, thiab yog tias muaj, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo.

2. Flushall

• Cov lus txib flushall yog siv los yaug lub Redis database.
• Nws yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ntau lawm.
• Thaum Redis ua tiav cov lus txib flushall, nws ua rau tsis siv neeg nyob ruaj khov thiab tshem tawm RDB cov ntaub ntawv.

3. Master-slave synchronization txhais

Hauv Redis master-slave replication, thaum tus qhev node ua haujlwm tag nrho replication, tus tswv ntawm node yuav ua tiav cov lus txib bgsave xa cov ntaub ntawv RDB mus rau tus qhev node.

Redis tuaj yeem nug cov kev teeb tsa tam sim no los ntawm cov lus txib.

Hom ntawv ntawm cov lus nug hais kom ua yog:config get xxx

Piv txwv li, yog tias koj xav kom tau txais lub npe khaws cia ntawm RDB cov ntaub ntawv, koj tuaj yeem siv config get dbfilename .

Qhov kev txiav txim yog raws li nram no:

127.0.0.1:6379> config get dbfilename
1) "dbfilename"
2) "dump.rdb"

Txij li thaum Redis server yuav thaiv thaum thauj cov ntaub ntawv RDB kom txog thaum lub sijhawm thauj khoom tiav, nws yuav ua rau lub sijhawm ntev thiab lub vev xaib nkag tsis tau.

Yog tias koj xav rho tawm RDB cache cov ntaub ntawv dump.rdb ntawm Redis, koj tuaj yeem siv cov lus txib hauv qab no txhawm rau nrhiav txoj hauv kev cia ntawm dump.rdb cov ntaub ntawv ▼

find / -name dump.rdb

• Tom qab ntawd, manually rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv dump.rdb cache ntawm SSH.

Redis teeb tsa kev teeb tsa ntawm RDB

Hais txog kev teeb tsa ntawm RDB, koj tuaj yeem siv ob txoj hauv qab no:

1. Manually hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv Redis configuration
2. Siv cov kab hais kom ua, config teeb dir "/ usr / data" yog cov lus txib cia los hloov cov ntaub ntawv RDB

Nco tseg: Cov kev teeb tsa hauv redis.conf tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm config tau xxx thiab hloov kho los ntawm config teeb xxx tus nqi, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv Redis configuration tau zoo thoob ntiaj teb, uas yog, qhov tsis muaj teeb tsa los ntawm kev rov pib dua Redis server yuav tsis ploj, tab sis hloov kho siv cov lus txib, nws yuav ploj tom qab Redis rov pib dua.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj xav hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv Redis configuration manually kom muaj txiaj ntsig tam sim ntawd, koj yuav tsum rov pib dua Redis server, thiab txoj kev hais kom ua tsis tas yuav rov pib Redis server.

RDB cov ntaub ntawv rov qab

Thaum Redis server pib, yog tias RDB cov ntaub ntawv dump.rdb muaj nyob hauv Redis cov npe hauv paus, Redis yuav cia li thauj cov ntaub ntawv RDB los kho cov ntaub ntawv tsis tu ncua.

Yog tias tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv dump.rdb hauv cov npe hauv paus, thov txav cov ntaub ntawv dump.rdb mus rau hauv paus directory ntawm Redis ua ntej.

Tau kawg, muaj cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg thaum Redis pib, uas yuav qhia seb puas muaj cov ntaub ntawv RDB thauj khoom.

Lub Redis server thaiv thaum thauj cov ntaub ntawv RDB kom txog thaum kev thauj khoom tiav.

Tam sim no peb paub tias RDB persistence yog muab faib ua ob txoj kev: phau ntawv triggering thiab tsis siv neeg triggering:

1. Nws qhov zoo dua yog tias cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia me me thiab cov ntaub ntawv rov qab sai dua thaum Redis pib.
2. Lub downside yog tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv poob.

Qhov rov qab ntawm RDB cov ntaub ntawv kuj yooj yim heev, tsuas yog muab cov ntaub ntawv RDB tso rau hauv cov npe hauv paus ntawm Redis, thiab Redis yuav cia li thauj khoom thiab rov qab cov ntaub ntawv thaum nws pib.

RDB pros thiab cons

1) RDB qhov zoo

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm RDB yog binary cov ntaub ntawv, uas occupies tsawg lub cim xeeb, yog ntau compact, thiab yog tsim nyog raws li ib tug backup cov ntaub ntawv;

RDB muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev rov qab los ntawm kev puas tsuaj, nws yog cov ntaub ntawv compressed uas tuaj yeem hloov mus rau cov chaw taws teeb ceev ceev rau Redis cov kev pabcuam rov qab;

RDB tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov ceev ntawm Redis, vim tias cov txheej txheem Redis tseem ceeb yuav cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem menyuam yaus kom txuas ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv mus rau disk.

Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb Redis tsis ua haujlwm xws li disk I / O;

Piv nrog AOF hom ntaub ntawv, RDB cov ntaub ntawv rov pib dua sai dua.

2) Disadvantages ntawm RDB

Vim tias RDB tsuas tuaj yeem txuag cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub sijhawm qee lub sijhawm, yog tias qhov kev pabcuam Redis raug txiav tawm hauv nruab nrab, Redis cov ntaub ntawv yuav ploj mus ib ntus;

Ib txheej txheem uas RDB yuav tsum tau siv rab diav rawg kom txuag nws ntawm disk siv subentry.

Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv loj, rab rawg tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev, thiab yog tias cov ntaub ntawv loj, CPU kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, uas tuaj yeem ua rau Redis tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm rau cov neeg siv khoom rau ob peb milliseconds lossis ib thib ob.

Tau kawg, peb kuj tuaj yeem lov tes taw tsis tu ncua los txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo ntawm Redis.

Yog tias koj tsis nkag siab rau cov ntaub ntawv poob, koj tuaj yeem ua qhov no thaum tus neeg siv khoom txuas config set save "" Hais kom lov tes taw persistence rau Redis.

在redis.conf, yog insaveTawm tswv yim tawm tag nrho cov kev teeb tsa thaum pib, thiab kev mob siab rau kuj yuav raug xiam, tab sis qhov no feem ntau tsis ua tiav.