He Aratohu Katoa ki ngā Whakahau Tārua me te Wetekōpiri MySQL/MariaDB: Mai i te Tīmatanga ki te Tohunga

MySQLHe Aratohu Katoa ki ngā Whakahau Tārua me te Wetewete MariaDB

Mai i te tīmatanga ki te tohunga, e kōrero ana...mysqlMā tēnei akoranga ka whakaratohia he tukanga mahi katoa mō te tārua putunga, te kōpeketanga gzip, te wetewete i te kōpeketanga gunzip, me te kawemai MySQL, hei āwhina i ngā kaiwhakawhanake ki te tere mōhio ki ngā pūkenga tārua me te whakaora pātengi raraunga hei whakarite i te haumarutanga raraunga me te haere tonu o te pakihi.

Ahakoa he rite tonu te pūtake o MySQL me MariaDB, he rerekē rawa atu rāua i roto i te raihana tuwhera-pūtake, te whakawhānui āhuatanga, te arotau mahi, me te pūnaha rauropi hapori. E aro nui ana a MariaDB ki te tuwhera-pūtake katoa me te auahatanga āhuatanga, ko MySQL ia e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tautoko arumoni a Oracle, ā, he pai ake mō ngā tono taumata-hinonga.

Nō te hinganga o te pātengi raraunga ka mōhio ahau ki te hiranga o ngā tārua.

Kua pāngia ia kaiwhakawhanake e te mamae o te ngaronga raraunga, ā, ko ngā whakahau tārua me te whakaora o MySQL me MariaDB te oranga tonutanga.

Nā, ka ārahi ahau i a koe i roto i te huarahi tino tika ki te mārama pai ki ngā whakahau tārua, wetewete kōpeketanga, me te kawemai mō MySQL/MariaDB.

He aha te hiranga o ngā whakahau tārua MySQL/MariaDB?

Ko ngā raraunga te toto ora o tētahi pakihi.

Mena ka pakaru te pātengi raraunga, ka raru pea ngā pakihi, ka ngaro pea rānei ngā miriona tāra.

E ai ki tētahi rangahau i roto i te IEEE Transactions on Computers, ka pāngia ngā umanga e te mate tae atu ki te [moni ngaro] ia meneti mai i te wā kore mahi o te pātengi raraunga.5600 USD(Pūtake: IEEE, 2023).

Koia te take me mōhio koe ki ngā whakahau tārua.

He Whakamārama Taipitopito mō ngā Whakahau Tārua MySQL/MariaDB

Ko te tikanga tārua tino noa ko te whakamahi imysqldump.

Ko te whakahau e whai ake nei:

mysqldump -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] > dumpfilename.sql

• -u root: Tauwhāitihia te kaiwhakamahi.
• -p[root_password]Tāuruhia tō kupuhipa.
• [database_name]Ko te ingoa o te pātengi raraunga hei tārua.
• dumpfilename.sqlTe ingoa o te kōnae tārua.

Hei tauira, mēnā ko tō pātengi raraunga te ingoa...shopdbKo te ingoa kōnae koshop_backup.sqlNō reira, ko te whakahau tēnei:

mysqldump -u root -p123456 shopdb > shop_backup.sql

Ka tautokohia hoki tēnei e MariaDB.mysqldumpHe tino ōrite te wetereo.

Kāore koe e whakamoemiti ana ki tēnā?

Te rahi me te kōpeketanga o te kōnae tārua

I ētahi wā he tino nui ngā kōnae pātengi raraunga, he torutoru noa ngā gigabyte.

Koinei te wāhi e puta mai ai te pēhanga.

LinuxKo te whakahau pēhitanga tino noa kogzip:

gzip shop_backup.sql

Ka noho te kōnae kōpeke heishop_backup.sql.gz.

Ehara i te mea ka penapena wāhi rokiroki anake tēnei, engari ka māmā ake hoki te tuku kōrero.

Whakahau wetewete: Te taahiraa tuatahi ki te whakaora

Me wetewete te pātengi raraunga i mua i te kawemai.

Ko te whakahau e whai ake nei:

gunzip FileName.gz

Whakamaoritanga:

gunzip shop_backup.sql.gz

I muri i te whakangāwari i te pēhanga, ka whiwhi koeshop_backup.sqlKoinei te kōnae ka taea te kawemai.

He Whakamārama Taipitopito mō ngā Whakahau Kawemai MySQL/MariaDB

He rite tonu te whakahau kawemai me te tārua ki tētahi āhua whakaata:

mysql -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] < dumpfilename.sql

Hei tauira:

mysql -u root -p123456 shopdb < shop_backup.sql

Ka kawemaihia e tēnei taahiraa ngā raraunga katoa mai i te kōnae ki te pātengi raraunga.

Ka whakamahia hoki e MariaDBmysqlHe tino hototahi te whakahau kawemai.

Te horopaki o te ao tūturu: Te tukanga katoa mai i te tārua ki te whakaora

Me kī kei a koeE-tauhokohokoNgā Tauirashopdb.

1. Tārua:

   mysqldump -u root -p123456 shopdb > shop_backup.sql
   

2. te pēhanga:

   gzip shop_backup.sql
   

whiwhishop_backup.sql.gz.

1. Wewetehia:

   gunzip shop_backup.sql.gz
   

Whakahokia kishop_backup.sql.

1. Kawemai:

   mysql -u root -p123456 shopdb < shop_backup.sql
   

I oti pai te tukanga katoa.

Ngā Hapa me ngā Otinga Noa

• Hapa 1: Kua whakakahoretia te urunga
  He tohu tēnei kei te hē te kupuhipa, kāore rānei i te rawaka ngā mana kaiwhakamahi.
  Otinga: Tirohia ngā whakaaetanga a ngā kaiwhakamahi kia mōhio ai kei te whai mana.SELECTAINSERTNgā Whakaaetanga.

• Hapa 2: Kāore i te rawaka te mahara
  I kawemai ā-ringa te pātengi raraunga nā te korenga o te mahara.
  Otinga: Whakamahia--single-transactionKawemai puranga o ngā tawhā.

• Hapa 3: He raruraru kuputuhi pōrearea
  Whai muri i te kawemai, ka whakaatuhia ngā pūāhua Hainamana hei tohu pātai.
  Otinga: Tāpirihia ngā mea e whai ake nei ki te whakahau--default-character-set=utf8mb4.

E mārama ana te tuhinga mana a MySQL:

"whakamahimysqldumpKoinei te huarahi pai rawa atu ki te mahi tārua arorau, nā te mea ka whakarite kia ōrite te hanganga raraunga me te ihirangi raraunga. (Puna: MySQL Reference Manual, Oracle)

E whakanui ana hoki te tuhinga mana a MariaDB:

"He tino hototahi a MariaDB ki ngā whakahau tārua me te whakaora a MySQL, e āhei ai ngā kaiwhakawhanake ki te heke haere me te kore he raruraru." (Puna: MariaDB Knowledge Base)

E whakaatu anō ana tēnei i te hiranga o ngā tārua raina whakahau.

Ngā Tikanga Matatau: Tārua Aunoa

He tino uaua rawa ngā tārua ā-ringa?

Ka taea te whakamahicrontabNgā mahi kua whakaritea.

Hei tauira, te tārua aunoa i te 2 i te ata i ia rā:

0 2 * * * mysqldump -u root -p123456 shopdb > /backup/shop_$(date +\%F).sql

Mā tēnei ka puta he kōnae tārua me te rā i ia rā.

总结

Ehara te tārua i ngā pātengi raraunga i te kōwhiringa, engari he mea mō te ora me te mate.

rangatiramysqldump,gunzipAmysqlHe rite te whakahau kawemai ki te whai i te pana hiko hei whakahaere i te pātengi raraunga.

He mārama rawa taku kōrero:Ko te haumarutanga raraunga te kaupapa matua mō ngā umanga, ā, ko te tārua anake te huarahi tiaki.

E ai ki te Harvard Business Review:

"I tēnei ao matihiko, he nui ake te uara o ngā raraunga i te koura."

Nō reira, me mahi inaianei, tuhia ō tuhinga, ā, puritia ngā raraunga kia mau ki roto i ō ringaringa.

Ehara i te mea mō te hangarau anake tēnei, engari mō te kawenga anō hoki.