He aha te rereketanga i waenga i te CentOS6.5 me te 7?Me pehea te whiriwhiri i te putanga CentOS7?

CentOS Ko te rereketanga nui i waenga i te 7 me te 6 ko te rereketanga o te tikanga arawhiti.

• Ko te hangarau arataki e whakamahia ana e CentOS 7 ko Systemd.
• I tua atu, ko te whakaoho ratonga, ko nga konae whakaoho, ko nga whakahau whatunga, me era atu, he rereke nga rereke mai i te 6.

Kia mohio tatou i te tuatahi Linux Ko te whanaketanga o te punaha hangarau CentOS arataki!

XNUMX. Hangarau arawhiti pūnaha

1. Hangarau Sysvinit
2. Hangarau Whakamatau
3. Hangarau Pūnaha

Hangarau Sysvinit

āhuatanga:

• 1) Ko te tukanga tuatahi o te punaha he init;
• 2) Ko te tukanga init te tukanga matua o nga tukanga katoa kaore e taea te patu (whakamatea);
• 3) He hototahi te nuinga o nga punaha init tohatoha Linux ki te SystemV, e kiia nei ko sysvinti
• 4) Pūnaha māngai: CentOS 5 CentOS 6

Painga:

• He pai te mahi a Sysvinit, he maamaa, he maamaa te kaupapa.
• Ko te nuinga ka whakawhirinaki ki te tuhi anga.

Te ngoikoretanga:

• 1) Whakahaerehia i roto i te raupapa motuhake -> He puhoi rawa te whakaoho.
• 2) He tino ngawari ki te whakairi, te fstab me nga take Maunga NFS.

Hangarau Whakamatau

Ka whakamahi a CentOS 6 i te SysVinit hei utu mo te hangarau whakaoho hei peke.

He maha nga arotautanga o te tuhinga rc.sysinit a Upstart hei whakaiti i te wa whakaohotanga o te punaha.

Heoi, ki te whakamaarama i nga mea mo nga kaiwhakahaere, kaore a CentOS 6 e whakaatu, e tautoko tika ana ranei i nga ahuatanga hou.

Pūnaha māngai:CentOS 6, Ubuntu 14.

• Kei te whakamahia te systemd mai i te CentOS 7, Ubuntu15.

Hangarau Pūnaha

Hangarau e whakamahia ana i roto i nga punaha hou (RedHat7, CentOS 7, Ubuntu15, etc.)

• Ko te kaupapa o te hoahoa ko te whakaoti i nga hapa taketake o te sysvinit me te whakapai ake i te tere whakaoho o te punaha;
• Hototahi ki Sysvinit, whakaiti i te utu o whakawhitinga;

Ko te painga matua:

1. timatanga whakarara
2. Tukatuka tukatuka ma te whakamahi i te PID 1

XNUMX. Te arotautanga o te puna yum

I roto i te CentOS 6, ko te taunoa ko te tango i nga kohinga rpm mai i nga puna mana.

• Ko te CentOS 7 kua arotauhia i konei na te puhoi o te whakamahi i nga rawa o tawahi.
• ina whakamahia e matou te whakauru软件kua kore e tangohia mai i te paetukutuku mana ma te taunoa.
• Engari, ka kimi aunoa i te puna Yum e tata ana ki tona waahi matawhenua hei timata ki te tango.

XNUMX. Whakahau

Mena ka whiriwhiria e koe te iti (te mea iti rawa) i te wa e whakauru ana i te punaha, ka whakauruhia ki roto i te kete iti ake i nga putanga o mua.Hei tauira: VIM, whakamahia ifconfig, ararere ara, tatūnga ki te whakarite tawhā, netstat, etc.He maha nga whakahau kua ngaro.

I muri i te whakaurunga o te punaha, ka taea te taapiri i nga kohinga e whai ake nei:

yum install lrzsz tree net-tools nmap vim bash-completion lsof dos2unix nc telnet ntp wget rng-tools psmisc screen -y
#lrzsz
 支持用于上传和下载linux的windowns平台。
 可以在windowns远程连接工具上使用。
#net-tools
 CentOS  7.2.11
 默认没有ifconfig命令。网络工具提供了一些网络命令。
#bash-completion
 自动命令完成工具。
#rng-tools
 生成随机数字池的工具。
 有了这个工具，tomcat启动速度非常快。
#psmisc
 这包含killall命令。
#screen
 创建一个新窗口并将任务置于后台。

Tuawha, ko te whakarerekētanga huinga pūāhua

Kōtaha Tautuhi Pūāhua ▼

/etc/locale.conf 

Ko te rarangi whakahau kei te waahi kotahi noa iho ▼

[root@CentOS 7 ~] # localectl set-locale LANG = zh_CN.UTF-8
[root@CentOS 7 ~] # localectl status
System Locale: LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
VC Keymap: us
X11 Layout: us

XNUMX. Whakahaere whakaoho

/etc/rc.local 

Kei te noho tonu tenei konae, engari mena kei te pirangi tatou ki te whakamahi tonu i tenei tikanga, me taapiri atu he whakaaetanga ki a ia ▼

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

Tirohia te Tūnga Tūmahi kua whakaritea ▼

systemctl status crond.service

Katia nga mahi kua whakaritea ▼

systemctl stop crond.service

Tirohia te mahi o te ahuatanga ▼

systemctl status crond.service

Tirohia nga ratonga e whakahaere ana ▼

systemctl list-unit-files|grep enable 

Monokia te Ratonga Mēra ▼

systemctl disable postfix.service

Tirohia mehemea kua whakahohea te ratonga mēra ▼

systemctl list-unit-files|grep postfix

Whakawetohia te pātūahi ▼

systemctl stop firewalld.service

Tīmatahia te ratonga▼

systemctl is-enable

# kati ratonga ▼

systemctl disable

Tīmata ki /etc/rc.d/rc.local/:

/etc/rc.d/rc.local i CentOS 7 me mahi nga whakahau e whai ake nei hei tuku whakaaetanga ka taea te whakahaere ▼

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

Ono, taumata oma (taumata oma)

/etc/inittab he muhu te whakakapinga i te whaainga punaha

• I nga wa katoa ka whai mana mo te takiuru ka whai ake

huri ki te 5 ▼

systemctl get-default graphical.target

huri ki te 3 ▼

systemctl get-default multi-user.target

Whai hua mo te wa poto ▼

INIT3

E rima noa nga taumata oma ▼

[root@centos7 ~]# ls -lh /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel*.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel0.target -> poweroff.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel1.target -> rescue.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel2.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel3.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel4.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 16 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel5.target -> graphical.target 
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel6.target -> reboot.target

E whitu, whirihorahia te waehere puna yum

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

Puna mana EPEL ▼

wget http://dl.fedorMaroject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm