Linux Crontab imapanga script task command nthawi zonse ndikuyika kugwiritsa ntchito mafayilo

Njira yolumikizirana ya Linux ingatithandize kukwaniritsa zosowa zathu pochita ntchito zomwe zakonzedwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito ma cron ndi ma shell script, titha kuchita mosavuta malamulo ovuta kwambiri a ntchito pa nthawi imodzi.

Cron ndi chiyani?

Nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito lamulo la crontab , lomwe ndi lalifupi la tebulo la cron.

Ndilo fayilo yosinthira ya cron, yomwe imatha kutchedwanso mndandanda wantchito.

Titha kupeza mafayilo osinthika ofunikira m'mafoda otsatirawa.

• The / var / spool / cron / chikwatu chimasunga ntchito za crontab kwa wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense kuphatikiza muzu, ndipo ntchito iliyonse imatchedwa dzina la mlengi.
• /etc/crontab Fayiloyi ili ndi udindo wokonza ntchito zosiyanasiyana zoyang'anira ndi kukonza.
• /etc/cron.d/ Bukhuli limagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga mafayilo aliwonse a crontab kapena zolemba zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa.
• Tithanso kuyika zolemba mu /etc/cron.hourly, /etc/cron.daily, /etc/cron.weekly, /etc/cron.monthly akalozera, azichita ola lililonse/tsiku/sabata, mwezi.

Kodi Crontab imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?

Malamulo athu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi awa:

crontab [-u username]　　　　//省略用户名表示操作当前用户的crontab
    -e      (编辑工作表)
    -l      (列出工作表里的命令)
    -r      (删除工作表)

timagwiritsa ntchitocrontab -eLowetsani kusintha kwa tsamba la wogwiritsa ntchito pano, lomwe ndi mawonekedwe wamba a vim.Mzere uliwonse ndi lamulo.

Sinthani Tsamba la Ntchito▼

crontab -e

Lembani mapepala ogwirira ntchito▼

crontab -l

Chotsani ntchito ▼

crontab -r 

Malamulo a crontab amapangidwa ngati nthawi + zochita. Zosankha za nthawi zimaphatikizapo mphindi, maola, tsiku, mwezi, ndi Lachisanu. Ogwiritsa ntchito akuphatikizapo...

• * manambala onse pamlingo
• / manambala angati
• - kuyambira X mpaka Z
• ,manambala a hash

Crontab Execute Task Command Command Chitsanzo

Chitsanzo 1: Pangani myCommand mphindi imodzi iliyonse

* * * * * myCommand

Chitsanzo 2: Kuphedwa pa 3rd ndi 15th mphindi ola lililonse

3,15 * * * * myCommand

实例3：在上午8点到11点的第3和第15分钟执行

3,15 8-11 * * * myCommand

实例4：每隔两天的上午8点到11点的第3和第15分钟执行

3,15 8-11 */2  *  * myCommand

实例5：每周一上午8点到11点的第3和第15分钟执行

3,15 8-11 * * 1 myCommand

Chitsanzo 6: Yambitsaninso smb nthawi ya 21:30 usiku uliwonse

30 21 * * * /etc/init.d/smb restart

实例7：每月1、10、22日的4 : 45重启smb

45 4 1,10,22 * * /etc/init.d/smb restart

Chitsanzo 8: Yambitsaninso smb nthawi ya 1:10 Loweruka lililonse ndi Lamlungu

10 1 * * 6,0 /etc/init.d/smb restart

Chitsanzo 9: Yambitsaninso smb mphindi 18 zilizonse pakati pa 00:23 ndi 00:30 tsiku lililonse.

0,30 18-23 * * * /etc/init.d/smb restart

Chitsanzo 10: Yambitsaninso smb Loweruka lililonse nthawi ya 11:00 pm

0 23 * * 6 /etc/init.d/smb restart

Chitsanzo 11: Yambitsaninso smb ola lililonse

* */1 * * * /etc/init.d/smb restart

Chitsanzo 12: Yambitsaninso smb ola lililonse pakati pa 11pm ndi 7am

* 23-7/1 * * * /etc/init.d/smb restart

Kodi mungachotse bwanji ntchito ya Crontab?

SSH lowetsani lamulo lotsatira la crontab ▼

crontab -e

• Pongoganizira ntchito zingapo, chotsani ntchito yomwe mwasankha mu vim (sunthani cholozera pamzere wosinthira kuti achotsedwe, dinani batani lochotsa kuti muchotse)

kanikiza :wq sunga ndi kutuluka

Yang'anani kuti muwone ngati ntchito ya Crontab idachotsedwa?

crontab -l

• Zimapezeka kuti ntchito yokonzekera ya crontab yomwe yangochotsedwa kumene kulibe, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kufufutidwa kwapambana.

Momwe mungayambitsirenso ntchito ya Cron?

Kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo oyendetsera ntchito ya system service : Nthawi zina, mungafunike kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo oyendetsera ntchito ya system service mwachindunji kuti muyambitsenso cron service.

Makamaka, powonjezera kapena kusintha ntchito zokonzedwa za Cron mu HestiaCP , ntchito ya Cron iyenera kuyambitsidwanso kuti zosinthazo ziyambe kugwira ntchito.

Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala limodzi mwa malamulo awa:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito systemd Dongosolo:

  sudo systemctl restart cron
  

• Kugwiritsa ntchito init.d Script ya machitidwe akale:

  sudo /etc/init.d/cron restart
  

• Kugwiritsa ntchito service Dongosolo lamalamulo:

  sudo service cron restart
  

CWP Control PanelMomwe Mungakhazikitsire Ntchito Zokhazikika za Crontab

• Pantchito yomwe yakonzedwa, onjezani lamulo lolumikizana kuti mulunzanitse mafayilo osunga zobwezeretsera a gulu lowongolera la CWP ku GDrive.

Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito CWP Control Panel, lowani mu CWP Control Panelwa Server Setting → Crontab for root ▼

Mu "Onjezani Ntchito Zamtundu Wathunthu wa Cron", lowetsani lamulo lotsatirali la cron ▼

00 7 * * * rclone sync /backup2 gdrive:cwp-backup2
55 7 * * * rclone sync /newbackup gdrive:cwp-newbackup

• (Gwirizanitsani zosintha zakomweko m'mawa uliwonse nthawi ya 7:00 am /backup2ku netiweki disk yokhala ndi dzina la kasinthidwe gdrivebackup2M'ndandanda wazopezekamo)
• (Gwirizanitsani zosintha zakomweko m'mawa uliwonse nthawi ya 7:55 am /newbackup  ku netiweki disk yokhala ndi dzina la kasinthidwe gdrivecwp-newbackupM'ndandanda wazopezekamo)
• LunzanitsaWordPressPamafayilo awebusayiti, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musasungidwe mochulukira, chifukwa mayesowo adapeza kuti ngati mafayilo amafanana, koma zomwe zili m'mafayilo ndizosiyana, sizingalumikizidwe.

Chifukwa njira ya rclone ingapitirire kugwira ntchito kumbuyo pambuyo poti yayamba kale kulumikiza yokha , imatha kugwiritsa ntchito mpaka 20% ya zinthu za CPU, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti seva iwononge zinthu.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera lamulo lantchito lomwe lakonzedwa kuti likakamize njira ya rclone kutseka ▼

00 09 * * * killall rclone

• (Zitsekani zokha nthawi ya 7:00 m'mawa uliwonse)

Ngati gulu lowongolera la CWP silingasinthe ntchito zomwe zakonzedwa za Crontab, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito FTP软件tsegulani fayilo /var/spool/cron/ Sinthani ntchito zanthawi ya Crontab mwachindunji.

Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji rclone posunga ma backup a VPS? Chonde dinani ulalo womwe uli pansipa kuti muwone phunziro la CentOS lokhudzana ndi kulumikizana kwa automatic pogwiritsa ntchito GDrive ▼

🔗Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zosunga zobwezeretsera za rclone pa VPS? Maphunziro a CentOS ogwirizanitsa okha pogwiritsa ntchito GDrive