O le a le eseesega i le va o le CentOS6.5 ma le 7?Fa'afefea le filifilia o se CentOS7 version?

CentOS O le eseesega tele i le va o le 7 ma le 6 o le eseʻesega i le amataga o le faiga.

• O le tekonolosi muamua na faʻaaogaina e CentOS 7 o le Systemd.
• E le gata i lea, o le amataina o auaunaga, faila faila, poloaiga o fesoʻotaʻiga, ma isi, e faʻaalia uma eseesega mai le 6.

Sei o tatou malamalama muamua Linux Le faʻaleleia o le polokalama CentOS amataina tekinolosi!

XNUMX. Fa'atekonolosi faiga fa'avae

1. Sysvinit Technology
2. Tekinolosi Amata
3. Systemd tekinolosi

Sysvinit Technology

uiga:

• 1) O le faagasologa muamua o le faiga o le init;
• 2) O le init process o le faʻagasologa matua o faiga uma ma e le mafai ona fasiotia (fasioti);
• 3) Ole tele ole Linux fa'asoaina init system e fetaui ma SystemV, ta'ua sysvinti
• 4) Faiga fa'atusa: CentOS 5 CentOS 6

Tulaga lelei:

• Sysvinit galue lelei ma o le manatu e faigofie ma manino.
• E fa'alagolago tele i le fa'asologa o atigi.

Vaivai:

• 1) Faʻatino i se faʻatonuga faʻapitoa -> E telegese le amataga.
• 2) E faigofie tele ona tautau, fstab ma NFS faʻapipiʻi mataupu.

Tekinolosi Amata

CentOS 6 faʻaaoga SysVinit nai lo le faʻagata tekonolosi e faʻaulu ai.

O le rc.sysinit script a Upstart e tele fa'atonuga e fa'aitiitia ai le taimi amata amata.

Ae ui i lea, ina ia faʻafaigofie mea mo pule, CentOS 6 e le faʻamaonia pe lagolagoina saʻo le tele o foliga fou.

faiga sui:CentOS 6, Ubuntu 14.

• systemd faʻaaogaina talu mai CentOS 7, Ubuntu15.

Systemd tekinolosi

Tekinolosi faʻaaogaina i le faiga fou (RedHat7, CentOS 7, Ubuntu15, ma isi)

• O le faʻamoemoega o le mamanu o le foia lea o faʻaletonu muamua o le sysvinit ma faʻaleleia lelei le saoasaoa o le amataina o le polokalama;
• Faʻatasi ma Sysvinit, faʻaitiitia le tau o fesiitaiga;

Le aoga autu:

1. amataga tutusa
2. Fa'agasologa ole fa'aogaina ole PID 1

XNUMX. Fa'atonuina o le puna yum

I le CentOS 6, o le faaletonu o le downloadina o pusa rpm mai punaoa aloaia.

• CentOS 7 ua sili ona lelei iinei ona o le televave o le faʻaaogaina o punaoa mai fafo.
• pe a matou faʻaogaina faʻapipiʻiPolokalameua le toe la'uina mai le upegatafa'ilagi aloaia e ala i le faaletonu.
• Nai lo lena, o le a otometi lava ona maua le puna Yum latalata i lona nofoaga faʻafanua e amata ai le siiina mai.

XNUMX. Poloaiga

Afai e te filifilia laʻititi (le laʻititi laʻititi) pe a faʻapipiʻi le polokalama, o le a faʻapipiʻiina i se pusa laʻititi nai lo lomiga muamua.Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga: VIM, faʻaaoga le ifconfig, auala faʻasolosolo, seti e seti ai faʻamau, netstat, ma isi.E tele poloaiga ua leai.

A maeʻa le faʻapipiʻiina o le system, e mafai ona faʻaopoopoina afifi nei:

yum install lrzsz tree net-tools nmap vim bash-completion lsof dos2unix nc telnet ntp wget rng-tools psmisc screen -y
#lrzsz
 支持用于上传和下载linux的windowns平台。
 可以在windowns远程连接工具上使用。
#net-tools
 CentOS  7.2.11
 默认没有ifconfig命令。网络工具提供了一些网络命令。
#bash-completion
 自动命令完成工具。
#rng-tools
 生成随机数字池的工具。
 有了这个工具，tomcat启动速度非常快。
#psmisc
 这包含killall命令。
#screen
 创建一个新窗口并将任务置于后台。

Lona fa, o le suiga o le seti o uiga

Tala'aga Seti o Tagata ▼

/etc/locale.conf 

O lo'o iai le laina fa'atonu ile la'asaga tasi ▼

[root@CentOS 7 ~] # localectl set-locale LANG = zh_CN.UTF-8
[root@CentOS 7 ~] # localectl status
System Locale: LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
VC Keymap: us
X11 Layout: us

XNUMX. Pulega amata

/etc/rc.local 

O loʻo i ai pea lenei faila, ae afai tatou te mananaʻo e faʻaauau pea le faʻaogaina o lenei metotia, e manaʻomia ona tatou faʻaopoopoina le faʻatagaina o le faʻatagaina ▼

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

Va'ai Tulaga Galuega Fa'atulagaina ▼

systemctl status crond.service

Tapuni galuega fa'atulagaina ▼

systemctl stop crond.service

Va'ai le fa'agaioiga o le tulaga ▼

systemctl status crond.service

Va'ai auaunaga o lo'o fa'agasolo nei ▼

systemctl list-unit-files|grep enable 

Taofi le Auaunaga Meli ▼

systemctl disable postfix.service

Siaki pe ua mafai le auaunaga meli ▼

systemctl list-unit-files|grep postfix

Tape le pa puipui ▼

systemctl stop firewalld.service

Amata le tautua▼

systemctl is-enable

# tapunia auaunaga ▼

systemctl disable

Amata ile /etc/rc.d/rc.local/:

/etc/rc.d/rc.local i CentOS 7 e manaʻomia le faʻatinoina o tulafono nei e tuʻuina atu ai faʻatagaga faʻatinoina ▼

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

Ono, runlevel (tulaga taufetuli)

/etc/inittab o se fa'aoga le aoga o le fa'atulagaina o mea

• E aoga i taimi uma mo le isi saini

sui i le 5▼

systemctl get-default graphical.target

sui i le 3▼

systemctl get-default multi-user.target

Malosi le tumau ▼

INIT3

Na'o le lima runlevels ▼

[root@centos7 ~]# ls -lh /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel*.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel0.target -> poweroff.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel1.target -> rescue.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel2.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel3.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel4.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 16 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel5.target -> graphical.target 
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel6.target -> reboot.target

Fitu, configure yum source code

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

Punavai aloa'ia EPEL ▼

wget http://dl.fedorMaroject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm