Chii chandinofanira kuita kana sevha yeNginx ine yakakwira CPU mutoro uye kugadzirisa kushandiswa kwendangariro?

Wakaerekana waona kubasa kuti Nginx's CPU kushandiswa kwakakwira? Kuita kuti zvinhu zvinyanye kuoma, maNginx akawanda evashandi maitiro arikudya zviwanikwa sekupenga pese pandinotarisa maitiro.

Uchiona chiitiko ichi, musoro wako unopisa uye haugone kubatsira kudanidzira: "O Mwari wangu, sevha ichaputika here, izvi hazvirevi kuti sevha yako icha "pedzwa", asi Nginx Isu tinoda kuti iwe uite yakazara optimization!

Ongororo yezvikonzero zvekuwedzeredza Nginx mutoro

Chokutanga, tinofanira kunzwisisa,Sei Nginx inongoerekana yave "kuneta"?Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvedambudziko, usatya, ngatitsvagei pamwe pazasi.

1. Chimiro chisina musoro

Mune iyo Nginx yekumisikidza faira, iyo inonyanya kukosha poindi ndeye worker_processes. Iyi parameter inosarudza huwandu hwemaitiro akatangwa neNginx.

• Kana iwe ukagadzirisa mashoma evashandi maitiro, iyo CPU mutoro unokwira kana iwe ukagadzirisa yakawandisa, pachave nekusakwana ndangariro.
• Iwe unofanirwa kuwana nzvimbo yekuenzanisa, semuenzaniso,Seta worker_processes ku 1 kusvika ku2 nguva nhamba yeCPU cores.
• Kana uine 4 cores woedza worker_processes 4 Kana kuti isa zvakananga auto.

2. Kushanya kunowedzera

Dzimwe nguva, mutoro waNginx unongoerekana wasimuka kwete nekuti wakanganisa, asi nekuti huwandu hwekushanya hwakanyanya.Zvikumbiro zvekusvika panguva imwe chete zvinokonzeresa kuti Nginx mushandi muitiro kuremerwa., maitiro ese akaremerwa, uye CPU uye ndangariro zvakare zvizere. Panguva ino, ungangoda kuvandudza server zviwanikwa, sekuwedzera huwandu hweCPU cores kana kuwedzera ndangariro. Ehezve, ichi zvakare chiyeuchidzo: usakanganwa kufunga nezve CDN kurodha kana kuremedza kuenzanisa.

3. Kurwiswa kwakashata

Kuve "mukurumbira" paInternet hachisi chinhu chakanaka nguva dzose. Kana iwe ukaona kuti kushandiswa kweCPU kwakakwira zvisingaite uye kunobva chikumbiro IP chiri kunyumwira, zvinokwanisika kuti webhusaiti yako iri kutambudzika nekurwiswa kweDDoS. Panguva iyi,Iwe unofanirwa kuendesa firewall kana kudzikamisa yekuwana frequency nekukasira, sekushandisa yazvino yekumisikidza module inouya neNginx, kana kuseta IP blacklist.

Maitiro ekugadzirisa sei dambudziko repamusoro ndangariro kushandiswa kweNginx process?

Saka mubvunzo ndewokuti, sei iyo Nginx mushandi maitiro achitora zviwanikwa zvakawanda? Isu tinofanirwa kutanga nekumisikidza uye nekuigonesa nhanho nhanho.

Configuration nzira

1. Vhura Nginx configuration file: Kazhinji, iyo huru yekumisikidza faira yeNginx inowanikwa pa /etc/nginx/nginx.conf.

2. Gadzirira worker_processes: Yakawanikwa mune yekumisikidza faira events blocks, settings worker_processes value. kana zvisina kudaro events block, iwe unofanirwa kugadzira imwe.

   nginx
   events {
   worker_connections 1024;
   use epoll;  # 或者适用于操作系统的其他事件模型
   }

1. Seta nemazvo worker_connections

nginx worker_connections Iyo parameter inosarudza huwandu hwehuwandu hwekubatanidza hunogona kubata yega yega mushandi. Kana iri diki zvakanyanya, inokanganisa kuita kwe concurrency; kana yakakura, inogona kupedza zviwanikwa zvakawanda.

Nzira yekuverenga sei kukosha kwakakodzera?

Tichifunga kuti une 4-core CPU uye 16GB ye RAM, nzvimbo yakachengeteka yekutangira ndeye worker_connections 4096.

Asi kana webhusaiti yako iine traffic yakawanda, funga kuwedzera kukosha uku ku8192 kuve nechokwadi chekuti maitiro ega ega anogona kubata zvikumbiro zvakakwana.

events {
    worker_connections 8192;
}

Nenzira iyi, simba rekugadzirisa reNginx richavandudzwa zvikuru.

2. Gadzirisa keepalive_timeout

Imwe paramende yakakosha yeNginx kubata zvikumbiro ndeye keepalive_timeout.

Kuseta uku kunotara kuti kubatana kwemutengi kune server kunogona kuchengetedzwa kwenguva yakareba sei.

Kana ikaiswa yakarebesa, inotora zviwanikwa zvekubatanidza zvakawanda..

Unogona kuedza keepalive_timeout Seta kumasekonzi gumi nemashanu kuchengetedza kubatana uye kuburitsa zviwanikwa.

keepalive_timeout 15;

3. Optimize faira descriptor limits

By default,Linux Iyo sisitimu ine muganhu pahuwandu hwemafaira anotsanangura anogona kuvhurwa nemaitiro ega ega.

Kana Nginx ichida kugadzirisa nhamba huru yemafaira (senge static zviwanikwa), unogona kuona kukanganisa kubva kuNginx, ichikurudzira "too many open files".

unogona kupfuura worker_rlimit_nofile Wedzera muganho wekutsanangura faira, semuenzaniso wakaiswa ku65535.

worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

4. Gonesa caching uye gzip

Caching uye compression makiyi maviri ekuita webhusaiti optimization.

Nekugonesa Nginx's caching basa, static zviwanikwa (senge mifananidzo uye JS mafaera) anogona kuvharirwa mundangariro., nokudaro zvichideredza zvakanyanya mutoro pane server.

Uye zvakare, kubatidza iyo gzip compression basa inogona kuderedza huwandu hwe data inofambiswa uye kugadzirisa webhusaiti kumhanya.

gzip on;
gzip_types text/plain application/javascript;

5. Ongorora Nginx zviwanikwa kushandiswa

Chekupedzisira, kana wapedza zvese zviri pamusoro apa optimizations asi Nginx ichiri kutora yakawanda yeCPU, ungangoda kushandisa mamwe maturusi ekuongorora kwakadzama.

使用 top Kana htop Ona iyo chaiyo-nguva zviwanikwa kushandiswa kwemaitiro,pfuura strace Trace system mafoni, kana kushandisa nmon Gadzira mishumo yekuita. Chete nekunyatsoongorora kushanda chaiko kweNginx ndipo tinogona kuita kunyatsoita tuning.

kupfupikisa

Usavhunduka kana Nginx's CPU yekushandisa spikes. Inogona kungokonzerwa nekugadzirisa kusina kunaka kana kuwandisa kwemotokari.

kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kune musoro worker_processes uye worker_connectionsNekugonesa caching, optimize nguva yekubuda uye mafaera anotsanangura, unogona zvakanyanya kuderedza mutoro wekumanikidza paNginx.

Nginx ine simba rewebhu sevha iyo, kana yakanyatsogadziriswa, inogona kupa yakanakisa kuita kwewebhusaiti yako.

Rangarira, chero mibvunzo inogona kupindurwa neSayenzinzira dzekuzvigadzirisa, optimizing server performance is no exception.

Tarisa uye gadzirisa panguva yakakodzera, ndiyo kiyi yekuchengeta Nginx ichimhanya nemazvo. Kana iwe uchigona kugona aya matekiniki, webhusaiti yako ichave yakachengeteka kunyangwe pamberi pepamusoro traffic kana kurwiswa kwakashata.

Ndinovimba chinyorwa ichi chakufuridzira iwe, kurumidza uye gadzirisa Nginx yako!