Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pecron uye crond? Dzidza zvakavanzika zvemabasa akasiyana muminiti imwe

uriko here Linux Gadzira mabasa akarongwa pane system, asi unonzwa kuvhiringika pakati pe "cron" uye "crond"?

Hongu, vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika:"Vaviri ava vakasiyana papi?" Kunyange zvazvo vachiratidzika semapatya, pakunyatsoongororwa, pane misiyano isinganyatsooneki asi inokosha pakati pavo.

Ichi chinyorwa chinokutora iwe zvakadzika mune yavo yakasarudzika maficha uye misimboti yekushanda.

Chii chinonzi cron?

ngatitangei nazvo cron they Chekutanga, zita iri rinofanira kunge raunoziva kwauri.

cron ichokwadi seti yese ye Yakarongwa basa rekuronga hurongwa, ane zita rinobva pamudzi wechiGiriki "chronos”, zvichireva nguva.

cron systemIyo yakarongerwa basa scheduler yeLinux masisitimu, anoshandiswa kuita otomatiki mabasa akatarwa panguva yakatarwa panguva.

Semuenzaniso, unogona kuronga zvinyorwa zvekuchengetedza kuti zviitwe mangwanani ega ega, tarisa mamiriro ehurongwa awa yega, nezvimwe.

cron core functionality

Basa guru re cron nderekuita otomatiki manejimendi nekuita kwemabasa ehurongwa.mabasa akarongwa” kana kuti “Basa Rakarongwa”.

Iyo cron system ichaverenga crontab 文件(cron tafura), mafaera aya ane marongero ebasa uye rondedzero yemirairo, uye cron ichaita otomatiki aya mabasa panguva dzakarongwa zvichienderana nezvirongwa mucrontab faira.

Zvinogona kunzi,cron ndiye "murongi" wekuronga basa rakarongwa, ine basa rekugadza marongero emabasa ese.

Shandisa crontab command

MuLinux masisitimu, iyo cron system inosanganisira crontab raira kubata. pass crontab Mirairo, iwe unogona kuwedzera, kugadzirisa uye kudzima mabasa akarongwa.

使用 crontab -e Raira kuti uise editing mode, unogona kuwedzera mabasa aunoda kuita mutafura yecron, iyo fomati ndeyotevera:

* * * * * /path/to/command

Chiratidzo chega chega che "*" chinomiririra chikamu chenguva chakasiyana, semaminitsi, maawa, mazuva, mwedzi nemavhiki. Nezvirongwa zvenguva izvi, unogona kudzora kana mabasa aitwa.

Chii chinonzi crond?

Iye zvino zvatiri kunzwisisa pfungwa yecron, ngatitarisei cron. Uyu ndiye "gamba kuseri kwezviitiko" zvecron system.

crond ndeye cron system daemon, chirongwa chinoramba chichimhanya kumashure uye chine basa rekutarisa system nguva uye kuita mabasa akaiswa neiyo cron system.

mabasa acrond

Iyo crond process ichangotanga kana sisitimu yatanga uye inogara ichimhanya kumashure Basa rayo chete nderekuita mabasa ari mucrontab faira panguva yakatarwa.

Zvinogona kunzi,crond ndiye "executor" ye cron system.

Pasina iyo crond process, iyo cron system inorasikirwa nekugona kuita mabasa akarongwa.

MuLinux masisitimu, unogona kushandisa unotevera kuraira kutarisa kuti crond process iri kushanda:

ps -ef | grep crond

Kana iyo crond process isiri kushanda, ese akarongwa mabasa haaitwe. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuchengetedza crond process ichimhanya zvakajairika.

Hukama pakati pecron uye crond: masevhisi uye executors

Kuti tinzwisise zviri nani hukama pakati pecron uye crond, tinogona kushandisa aHupenyumuenzaniso mu.

Mufananidzo uyu: une munhu anonzi "Diki Dzvuku Bhuku” application, inova sisitimu yakakura inobvumira vashandisi kuona uye kuburitsa zvirimo panguva dzakatarwa;

Kuseri kwechishandiso ichi, pane chirongwa chinodaidzwa kuti "Xiaohong Guardian", icho chine basa rekuburitsa otomatiki zvirimo kumashure.

cron yakafanana ne "diki dzvuku bhuku", uye crond i "mudiki muchengeti muchengeti".

Kupfupikisa mutsauko uripo pakati pecron uye crond:

• cron they: Ine basa rekugadzira uye kugadzirisa masheti ebasa, uye ndiyo "uropi" hwekuronga basa rakarongwa.
• cron: Background daemon process, inova "executor" yeakarongwa mabasa uye anoita mabasa zvinoenderana nehurongwa mutafura yecron.

Kuzvitarisa nenzira iyi, cron ndiyo yakazara sisitimu, uye crond ndiyo maitiro anoita mabasa pahurongwa.

crontab faira: cron basa runyorwa

Nheyo yekuuraya ye cron system haina kupatsanurwa kubva crontab file, iyo iyo cron system inochengetedza zvirongwa zvebasa.

Wese mushandisi (kusanganisira mudzi mushandisi) anogona kuve neyake yakazvimirira crontab faira yekutarisira ake akarongwa mabasa.

tinogona kushandisa crontab -l raira kuti utarise runyorwa rwebasa remushandisi, kana kushandisa crontab -e kugadzirisa basa.

crontab file syntax

Mune iyo crontab faira, mutsara wega wega unomiririra basa, uye fomati yemutsara wega wega ndeiyi inotevera:

分钟 小时 日期 月份 星期 命令

Semuyenzaniso, rinotevera basa rinomiririra kuita backup script na2 a.m. mazuva ese:

0 2 * * * /usr/local/bin/backup.sh

Uyu muenzaniso wakapfava unoratidza masimba ane simba otomatiki eiyo cron system.

cron and crond: kuseri kwe-the-scenes kubatana

Mukushanda chaiko kwehurongwa, cron uye crond hazviparadzaniswe. cron ine basa rekugadzira nekugadzirisa zvirongwa zvebasa, nepo crond ichiramba ichitarisa nguva uye ichiona kuti mabasa anoitwa panguva yakatarwa.

Pese iyo nguva system inosvika preset yebasa nguva, crond "inomuka" uye ita basa racho.

Nei tichida iyo crond daemon?

Kuvepo kwecrond kunovimbisa kuti mabasa anoitwa nenguva Iyo inozotanga yega nguva iyo system inotanga uye inoramba ichishanda.

Kana crond ikamira kushanda, mabasa ese ari mucron system haazokwanisi kuita. Naizvozvo, iyo yakajairwa kushanda kwecrond daemon kwakakosha kune otomatiki manejimendi yehurongwa.

Mamiriro ekushandisa mune yemazuva ese system manejimendi

Iko kusanganiswa kwecron uye crond kunoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukutonga kwehurongwa, kunyanya munzvimbo dzeseva. Aya anotevera ndiwo mamwe akajairika application mamiriro:

1. otomatiki backup: Kuburikidza necron, unogona kuronga sevha kuti ichengetedze data nguva dzose zuva rega rega kana vhiki imwe neimwe.
2. Kuchenesa otomatiki: Gadzirisa kucheneswa kwemafaira elogi kudzivirira sevha disk nzvimbo kuti isazadzwe.
3. Monitoring uye zvinotyisa: Nguva dzose ita maitiro ehutano hwehutano kuburikidza necron uye kutumira maemail e-alarm kana zvisizvo zvikawanikwa.

Kusanzwisisana pakati pecron uye crond: Inowanzo bvunzwa Mibvunzo neMhinduro

Nei iro cron basa risiri kuita?

Vanhu vazhinji vanozoona kuti cron mabasa avanoisa haaitwe sezvinotarisirwa Zvikonzero zvinogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

1. crond process haina kutanga: Ndokumbira utarise kuti crond iri kushanda zvakajairika.
2. Task configuration kukanganisa: Tarisa kana iyo syntax yecrontab faira yakarurama.
3. dambudziko renzira: Ita shuwa kuti yakatarwa murairo uye script nzira dzakarurama.

Nzira yekutanga sei crond process?

Kana iyo crond process isiri yakajairika, unogona kushandisa unotevera kuraira kuti utangezve:

sudo service crond restart

Uyu murairo uchatangazve crond sevhisi kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mabasa ese anomhanya zvakajairika.

Mhedziso: Iko kukosha kwecron uye crond

Kudyidzana kwakakwana pakati pecron uye crond inobvumira iyo Linux system kuti iite otomatiki mabasa pasina kupindira kwevanhu, ichivandudza zvakanyanya sisitimu's otomatiki manejimendi masimba.

cron inoshanda senge nguva yekuronga sisitimu yekuita zvirongwa, uye crond inoshanda senge daemon maitiro ane mutoro wekuita mabasa.

Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti izvo zviviri zvinopindirana uye pamwe chete kuvaka ine simba uye inochinjika otomatiki basa manejimendi system.

Mukushandiswa kwezuva nezuva, kugona misiyano uye mashandisiro ecron uye crond kunogona kuita kuti iwe uwedzere kugadzikana mukutarisira server uye kuwana mamwe mashandiro anoshanda.

Mune ramangwana, unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve kushandiswa kwepamberi kweiyo cron system kuti uwedzere kukwirisa uye otomatiki yako system manejimendi maitiro.

cron uye crond zvechokwadi vanobatana vakanaka avo vese Linux maneja anofanira kuva nazvo.