Sidee loo maamulaa xogta MySQL? Amarka SSH si loo maamulo server-ka MySQL

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MySQL Maareynta

Bilow oo jooji server-ka MySQL

Marka hore, waxaan u baahanahay inaan hubino haddii server-ka MySQL uu kor u kacay annagoo fulinayna amarkan soo socda:

ps -ef | grep mysqld

Haddii MySql mar hore la bilaabay, amarka kore wuxuu soo saari doonaa liiska hababka mysql, haddii mysql aan la bilaabin, waxaad isticmaali kartaa amarka soo socda si aad u bilowdo server-ka mysql:

root@host# cd /usr/bin
./mysqld_safe &

Haddii aad rabto inaad xidho server-ka MySQL ee hadda socda, waxaad fulin kartaa amarkan soo socda:

root@host# cd /usr/bin
./mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown
Enter password: ******

Dejinta Isticmaalaha MySQL

Haddii aad u baahan tahay inaad ku darto isticmaale MySQL, kaliya waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ku darto isticmaaleha cusub miiska isticmaale ee kaydka mysql.

Kuwa soo socdaa waa tusaale ku darida isticmaale, magaca isticmaaluhu waa marti, furaha sirta ah waa marti123, isticmaaluhuna waxa loo fasaxay inuu sameeyo SELECT, INSERT iyo UPDATE Operations:

root@host# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:*******
mysql> use mysql;
Database changed

mysql> INSERT INTO user 
          (host, user, password, 
           select_priv, insert_priv, update_priv) 
           VALUES ('localhost', 'guest', 
           PASSWORD('guest123'), 'Y', 'Y', 'Y');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.20 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT host, user, password FROM user WHERE user = 'guest';
+-----------+---------+------------------+
| host      | user    | password         |
+-----------+---------+------------------+
| localhost | guest | 6f8c114b58f2ce9e |
+-----------+---------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Markaad ku darto isticmaale, fadlan ogow in erayga sirta ah la sirsan yahay iyadoo la isticmaalayo PASSWORD() shaqada ay bixiso MySQL.Waxaad ku arki kartaa tusaalaha kore in erayga sirta ah ee isticmaalaha uu yahay: 6f8c114b58f2ce9e.

Xusuusin:MySQL 5.7, erayga sirta ah ee miiska isticmaalaha ayaa lagu bedelayxaqiijinta_string.

Xusuusin:La soco baahida loo qabo in la hirgeliyo FADLAN FURSAD hadal.Kadib marka amarkan la fuliyo, miiska deeqda ayaa dib loo rari doonaa.

Haddii aadan isticmaalin amarkan, ma awoodi doontid inaad isticmaasho isticmaalaha cusub ee la sameeyay si uu ugu xiro server-ka mysql ilaa aad dib u bilowdo mysql server.

Markaad abuurayso isticmaale, waxaad u cayimi kartaa ogolaanshaha isticmaalaha

• Dooro_priv
• Geli_priv
• Cusbooneysii_priv
• Tirtir_priv
• Abuur_priv
• hoos_priv
• Dib u soo rog_priv
• xirid_priv
• Habka_priv
• File_priv
• Grant_priv
• Tixraacyada_priv
• Index_priv
• Beddelka_priv

Habka kale ee lagu daro dadka isticmaala waa iyada oo loo marayo amarka GRANT ee SQL, amarka soo socda wuxuu ku dari doonaa user zara TUTORIALS database ee la cayimay, erayga sirta ah waa zara123.

root@host# mysql -u root -p password;
Enter password:*******
mysql> use mysql;
Database changed

mysql> GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,CREATE,DROP
    -> ON TUTORIALS.*
    -> TO 'zara'@'localhost'
    -> IDENTIFIED BY 'zara123';

Amarka kore wuxuu abuuri doonaa diiwaanka macluumaadka isticmaalaha miiska isticmaalaha ee xogta mysql.

ogow: Odhaahyada MySQL SQL waxaa lagu dhammeeyaa hal-ku-dhig (;).

/etc/my.cnf faylka qaabeynta

Xaaladaha caadiga ah, uma baahnid inaad wax ka bedesho faylka qaabeynta, qaabeynta caadiga ah ee faylka waa sida soo socota:

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql.server]
user=mysql
basedir=/var/lib

[safe_mysqld]
err-log=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Faylka qaabeynta, waxaad ku qeexi kartaa hagaha halka ay ku kaydsan yihiin galalka gal-galada khaladaadka kala duwan, guud ahaan, uma baahnid inaad bedesho habayntan.

Amarada lagu maamulo MySQL

Kuwa soo socdaa waxay taxayaan amarrada sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo habka isticmaalka xogta Mysql:

• ISTICMAALKA magaca kaydinta xogta :
  Dooro database-ka Mysql si aad u shaqeyso.Kadib markii la isticmaalo amarkan, dhammaan amarrada Mysql waxaa loogu talagalay oo kaliya xogtan.

  mysql> use chenweiliang;
  Database changed

• tus xog-ururinta: 
  Wuxuu taxayaa liiska macluumaadka ee nidaamka maamulka xogta MySQL.

  mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
  +--------------------+
  | Database           |
  +--------------------+
  | information_schema |
  | chenweiliang             |
  | cdcol              |
  | mysql              |
  | onethink           |
  | performance_schema |
  | phpmyadmin         |
  | test               |
  | wecenter           |
  | wordpress          |
  +--------------------+
  10 rows in set (0.02 sec)

• SHAXDA tus:
  Tus dhammaan shaxanka xogta la cayimay.Kahor intaadan isticmaalin amarkan, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad isticmaasho amarka isticmaalka si aad u dooratid kaydka xogta lagu shaqaynayo.

  mysql> use chenweiliang;
  Database changed
  mysql> SHOW TABLES;
  +------------------+
  | Tables_in_chenweiliang |
  +------------------+
  | employee_tbl     |
  | chenweiliang_tbl       |
  | tcount_tbl       |
  +------------------+
  3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

• TUSO COMUMS KA xaashida xogta:
  Muuji sifooyinka shaxda xogta, noocyada sifada, macluumaadka muhiimka ah, haddii ay tahay NULL, qiimaha caadiga ah iyo macluumaadka kale.

  mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM chenweiliang_tbl;
  +-----------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  | Field           | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
  +-----------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  | chenweiliang_id       | int(11)      | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
  | chenweiliang_title    | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
  | chenweiliang_author   | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
  | submission_date | date         | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
  +-----------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

• tus tusmo tusmada xaashida xogta:
  Muuji xogta tusmada tifaftiran ee shaxda xogta, oo ay ku jiraan FURAHA AASAASIGA AH (furaha aasaasiga ah).

  mysql> SHOW INDEX FROM chenweiliang_tbl;
  +------------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
  | Table      | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | Index_comment |
  +------------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
  | chenweiliang_tbl |          0 | PRIMARY  |            1 | chenweiliang_id   | A         |           2 |     NULL | NULL   |      | BTREE      |         |               |
  +------------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
  1 row in set (0.00 sec)

• TUSO XAALADDA MIISKA SIDA [KA Db_name] [LIKE 'qaabka'] \G:
  Amarkani wuxuu soo saari doonaa waxqabadka iyo tirakoobka nidaamka maamulka xogta ee Mysql.

  mysql> SHOW TABLE STATUS  FROM chenweiliang;   # 显示数据库 chenweiliang 中所有表的信息
  
  mysql> SHOW TABLE STATUS from chenweiliang LIKE 'chenweiliang%';     # 表名以chenweiliang开头的表的信息
  mysql> SHOW TABLE STATUS from chenweiliang LIKE 'chenweiliang%'\G;   # 加上 \G，查询结果按列打印