Waa maxay faraqa u dhexeeya CentOS6.5 iyo 7?Sidee ku saabsan doorashada nooca CentOS7?

CentOS Farqiga ugu weyn ee u dhexeeya 7 iyo 6 waa farqiga farsamada bilowga.

• Farsamaynta bilawga ah ee ay adeegsato CentOS 7 waa Systemd.
• Intaa waxaa dheer, adeegga bilawga ah, faylasha bilowga, amarrada shabakada, iwm, dhammaantood waxay muujinayaan kala duwanaansho 6.

Marka hore aan fahanno Linux Horumarka nidaamka tignoolajiyada bilowga CentOS!

XNUMX. Farsamada bilowga nidaamka

1. Sysvinit Technology
2. Tiknoolajiyada Ugu Horaysa
3. Tignoolajiyada habaysan

Sysvinit Technology

dabeecad:

• 1) Habka ugu horreeya ee nidaamka waa init;
• 2) Habka bilawga ahi waa habka waalidka ee dhammaan hababka lamana dili karo (dili karo);
• 3) Inta badan nidaamyada qaybinta Linux waxay la jaan qaadayaan SystemV, oo loo yaqaan sysvinti
• 4) Nidaamka wakiillada: CentOS 5 CentOS 6

Faa'iidada:

• Sysvinit si fiican ayuu u shaqeeyaa fikraduna waa mid fudud oo cad.
• Waxay inta badan ku xiran tahay qoraalka qolofka.

Daciifnimo:

• 1) Waxaa lagu fuliyay nidaam gaar ah -> Bilawga aad ayuu u gaabiyaa.
• 2) Aad u fudud in la laadlaadsan karo, fstab iyo NFS arrimaha buurta.

Tiknoolajiyada Ugu Horaysa

CentOS 6 waxay isticmaashaa SysVinit halkii ay ka isticmaali lahayd teknolojiyadda boot si ay u xirto.

Farta Upstart's rc.sysinit waxa ay leedahay wanaajin badan si loo yareeyo nidaamka bilowga wakhtiga bilowga.

Si kastaba ha noqotee, si wax loogu fududeeyo maamulayaasha, CentOS 6 ma muujinayso ama si toos ah uma taageerto astaamo badan oo cusub.

Nidaamka matalayaasha:CentOS 6, Ubuntu 14.

• systemd waxaa la isticmaalay ilaa CentOS 7, Ubuntu15.

Tignoolajiyada habaysan

Tignoolajiyada loo isticmaalo nidaamyada cusub (RedHat7, CentOS 7, Ubuntu15, iwm.)

• Ujeedada naqshadeynta waa in la xalliyo cilladaha asalka ah ee sysvinit oo si wax ku ool ah loo hagaajiyo xawaaraha bilowga nidaamka;
• La jaan qaada Sysvinit, hoos u dhigista qiimaha wareejinta;

faa'iidada ugu weyn:

1. is barbar bilow
2. Habraaca habraaca adoo isticmaalaya PID 1

XNUMX. Hagaajinta isha yum

Gudaha CentOS 6, asal ahaan waa in laga soo dejiyo xirmooyinka rpm ilaha rasmiga ah.

• CentOS 7 waa la hagaajiyay halkan sababtoo ah xawaaraha gaabiska ah ee isticmaalka kheyraadka shisheeye.
• marka aan isticmaalno install软件mar dambe lagala soo bixi maayo degelka rasmiga ah by default.
• Taa beddelkeeda, waxay si toos ah u heli doontaa isha Yum ee ugu dhow goobta juqraafiyeed si ay u bilowdo soo dejinta.

XNUMX. Taliska

Haddii aad doorato ugu yar (ka ugu yar) markaad rakibayso nidaamka, waxaa lagu rakibi doonaa xirmo ka yar noocyadii hore.Tusaale ahaan: VIM, isticmaal ifconfig, dariiqa marinka, habaynta si aad u dejiso cabbirada, netstat, iwm.Amarro badan ayaa meesha ka baxay.

Kadib rakibidda nidaamka, xirmooyinka soo socda ayaa lagu dari karaa:

yum install lrzsz tree net-tools nmap vim bash-completion lsof dos2unix nc telnet ntp wget rng-tools psmisc screen -y
#lrzsz
 支持用于上传和下载linux的windowns平台。
 可以在windowns远程连接工具上使用。
#net-tools
 CentOS  7.2.11
 默认没有ifconfig命令。网络工具提供了一些网络命令。
#bash-completion
 自动命令完成工具。
#rng-tools
 生成随机数字池的工具。
 有了这个工具，tomcat启动速度非常快。
#psmisc
 这包含killall命令。
#screen
 创建一个新窗口并将任务置于后台。

Afar, habaynta hab-dhaqanka

Tilmaamaha Habboon ee Dabeecadda ▼

/etc/locale.conf 

Khadka talisku wuxuu ku yaalaa hal tallaabo oo kaliya ▼

[root@CentOS 7 ~] # localectl set-locale LANG = zh_CN.UTF-8
[root@CentOS 7 ~] # localectl status
System Locale: LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
VC Keymap: us
X11 Layout: us

XNUMX. Maamulka bilowga

/etc/rc.local 

Faylkan weli wuu jiraa, laakiin haddii aan rabno inaan sii wadno adeegsiga habkan, waxaan u baahanahay inaan ku darno oggolaansho ▼

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

Eeg heerka Hawsha la qorsheeyay ▼

systemctl status crond.service

Xir hawlaha la qorsheeyay ▼

systemctl stop crond.service

Daawo sida ay xaaladdu u socoto▼

systemctl status crond.service

Eeg adeegyada hadda socda ▼

systemctl list-unit-files|grep enable 

Jooji adeegga boostada ▼

systemctl disable postfix.service

Hubi haddii adeegga boostada uu shaqaynayo ▼

systemctl list-unit-files|grep postfix

Demi dabka ▼

systemctl stop firewalld.service

Bilow adeegga▼

systemctl is-enable

# adeeg dhow ▼

systemctl disable

Ka bilow /etc/rc.d/rc.local/:

/etc/rc.d/rc.local gudaha CentOS 7 waxay u baahan tahay inay fuliso amarada soo socda si ay u bixiso rukhsad la fulin karo ▼

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

Lix, heerka run (heer orodka)

/etc/inittab waa hab aan sax ahayn oo la bartilmaameedsanayo

• Had iyo jeer ansax ah gelida soo socota

u beddelo 5 ▼

systemctl get-default graphical.target

u beddelo 3 ▼

systemctl get-default multi-user.target

Si ku meel gaar ah waxtar u leh ▼

INIT3

Kaliya shan heerar run ah ▼

[root@centos7 ~]# ls -lh /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel*.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel0.target -> poweroff.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel1.target -> rescue.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel2.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel3.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel4.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 16 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel5.target -> graphical.target 
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel6.target -> reboot.target

Toddoba, habee yum isha code

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

Isha rasmiga ah ee EPEL ▼

wget http://dl.fedorMaroject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm