Isikhokelo esipheleleyo se-MySQL/MariaDB Backup kunye ne-Decompression Commands: Ukusuka kwabaqalayo ukuya kwiNgcali

MySQLIsikhokelo esipheleleyo kwiMariaDB Backup kunye neDecompression Commands

Ukususela kwabaqalayo ukuya kwingcali, ukugubungela...mysqlLe khosi ibonelela ngomsebenzi opheleleyo wokwenza i-dump backup, i-gzip compression, i-gunzip decompression, kunye nokungenisa i-MySQL, inceda abaphuhlisi ngokukhawuleza ukuba bafunde iindlela zokugcina idatha kunye nokubuyisela idatha ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwedatha kunye nokuqhubeka kweshishini.

Nangona i-MySQL kunye ne-MariaDB zabelana ngemvelaphi efanayo, zahluke kakhulu ngokweelayisenisi ze-open-source, ukwandiswa kweempawu, ukulungiswa kokusebenza, kunye ne-ecosystem yoluntu. I-MariaDB igxininisa ukuveliswa kwe-open source epheleleyo kunye nobuchule beempawu, ngelixa i-MySQL ixhomekeke kwinkxaso yezorhwebo ye-Oracle kwaye ifanelekile ngakumbi kwizicelo zenqanaba leshishini.

Kuphela xa isiseko sedatha saphuka apho ndaqonda ukubaluleka kokwenza ii-backups.

Wonke umphuhlisi ukhe wahlangabezana nobuhlungu bokulahlekelwa yidatha, kwaye imiyalelo yokugcina idatha kunye nokubuyisela idatha yeMySQL kunye neMariaDB yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.

Ngoku ndiza kukukhokela ekuqondeni imiyalelo yogcino, ukukhupha uxinzelelo, kunye nokungenisa kwi-MySQL/MariaDB ngeyona ndlela ilula kangangoko.

Kutheni le nto imiyalelo yokugcina idatha ye-MySQL/MariaDB ibaluleke kangaka?

Idatha yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwishishini.

Ukuba isiseko sedatha sonakele, oko kunokukhokelela ekuvalweni kwamashishini kwanokulahlekelwa zizigidi.

Ngokutsho kophando olwenziwe kwi-IEEE Transactions on Computers, amashishini alahlekelwa yimali efikelela [kwixabiso elingekhoyo] ngomzuzu ngenxa yokungasebenzi kwedatabase. USD 5600(Umthombo: IEEE, 2023).

Yiyo loo nto kufuneka uyazi imiyalelo yokugcina idatha ngentloko.

Inkcazo eneenkcukacha zeMiyalelo yoLondolozo lweMySQL/MariaDB

Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokugcina idatha kukusebenzisa mysqldump,

Lo myalelo ulandelayo:

mysqldump -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] > dumpfilename.sql

• -u root: Chaza umsebenzisi.
• -p[root_password]Faka igama lokugqitha lakho.
• [database_name]Igama lesiseko sedatha esiza kugcinwa kwi-backup.
• dumpfilename.sqlIgama lefayile yogcino.

Umzekelo, ukuba isiseko sakho sedatha sibizwa ngokuba... shopdbIgama lefayile ngu shop_backup.sqlNgoko ke umyalelo ngulo:

mysqldump -u root -p123456 shopdb > shop_backup.sql

IMariaDB ikwaxhasa oku. mysqldumpI-syntax ihambelana ngokupheleleyo.

Ayinangqondo kangako?

Ubungakanani befayile yogcino kunye nokucinezelwa

Ngamanye amaxesha iifayile zedathabheyisi zinkulu kakhulu, zihlala zinobukhulu obuziigigabytes ezininzi.

Kulapho ke ucinezelo lungena khona.

LinuxOwona myalelo uqhelekileyo wokucinezela ngu gzip:

gzip shop_backup.sql

Ifayile ecinezelweyo iba shop_backup.sql.gz,

Oku akugcini nje ngokugcina indawo yokugcina kodwa kukwanceda ukudluliselwa kwedatha.

Umyalelo wokuvula i-zip: Inyathelo lokuqala lokubuyisela

Isiseko sedatha kufuneka sivulwe ngaphambi kokuba singeniswe.

Lo myalelo ulandelayo:

gunzip FileName.gz

njenge:

gunzip shop_backup.sql.gz

Emva kokunciphisa uxinzelelo, uya kufumana shop_backup.sqlLe yifayile enokungeniswa.

Inkcazo eneenkcukacha ze-MySQL/MariaDB Import Commands

Umyalelo wokungenisa kunye ne-backup ziphantse zibe yimifanekiso yesipili yomnye nomnye:

mysql -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] < dumpfilename.sql

Umzekelo:

mysql -u root -p123456 shopdb < shop_backup.sql

Eli nyathelo liza kungenisa idatha evela kwifayile yogcino ngokupheleleyo kwisiseko sedatha.

IMariaDB ikwasebenzisa mysql Ukungenisa umyalelo kuyahambelana ngokupheleleyo.

Imeko yokwenyani: Inkqubo epheleleyo ukusuka kwi-backup ukuya kwi-recovery

Masithi unayoEzorhwebo数据库 shopdb,

1. Ugcino:

   mysqldump -u root -p123456 shopdb > shop_backup.sql
   

2. ucinezelo:

   gzip shop_backup.sql
   

fumana shop_backup.sql.gz,

1. Uzip:

   gunzip shop_backup.sql.gz
   

Buyisela kwi shop_backup.sql,

1. Ngenisa:

   mysql -u root -p123456 shopdb < shop_backup.sql
   

Yonke inkqubo igqitywe kakuhle.

Iimpazamo Eziqhelekileyo Nezisombululo

• Impazamo 1: Ufikelelo aluvumelekanga
  Oku kubonisa igama eligqithisiweyo elingachanekanga okanye amalungelo omsebenzisi angonelanga.
  Isisombululo: Jonga iimvume zomsebenzisi ukuqinisekisa ukuba zikhona. SELECT Kunye kunye INSERT Iimvume.

• Impazamo 2: Iphelelwe yinkumbulo
  Isiseko sedatha sikhulu kakhulu, kwaye akukho memori yaneleyo ngexesha lokungenisa.
  Isisombululo: Sebenzisa --single-transaction Ngenisa iiparameter ngeebhetshi.

• Impazamo 3: Ingxaki yombhalo oxutyiweyo
  Emva kokungenisa, oonobumba besiTshayina baboniswa njengophawu lwemibuzo.
  Isisombululo: Yongeza oku kulandelayo kumyalelo --default-character-set=utf8mb4,

Iimbono ezigunyazisiweyo zikhankanyiweyo

Amaxwebhu asemthethweni e-MySQL acacisa ngokucacileyo ukuba:

"sebenzisa mysqldump Indlela ekhethwayo yokugcina idatha ngendlela echanekileyo kuba iqinisekisa ukuhambelana phakathi kwesakhiwo sedatha kunye nomxholo wedatha. (Umthombo: Incwadana yeNgxelo yeMySQL, i-Oracle)

Amaxwebhu asemthethweni eMariaDB agxininisa kwakhona:

"I-MariaDB ihambelana ngokupheleleyo nemiyalelo ye-MySQL yokugcina nokubuyisela, ivumela abaphuhlisi ukuba bafuduke ngokulula." (Umthombo: Isiseko soLwazi seMariaDB)

Le ngxelo iphinda igxininise ukubaluleka kokugcina ii-backups zomgca womyalelo.

Iindlela Eziphambili: Ugcino Oluzenzekelayo

Ukugcina ii-backups ngesandla kuyingxaki kakhulu?

Unokusebenzisa crontab Imisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo.

Umzekelo, ukugcina idatha ngokuzenzekelayo ngentsimbi yesi-2 kusasa yonke imihla:

0 2 * * * mysqldump -u root -p123456 shopdb > /backup/shop_$(date +\%F).sql

Oku kuya kuvelisa ifayile yogcino enomhla yonke imihla.

总结

Ugcino lwedathabheyisi aluyondlela ifanelekileyo, kodwa ngumbandela wobomi nokufa.

inkosi mysqldump,gunzip Kunye kunye mysql Umyalelo wokungenisa ufana nokuba neswitshi yombane yokulawula isiseko sedatha.

Ingongoma yam icacile kakhulu:Ukhuseleko lwedatha yeyona nto iphambili kwinkampani, kwaye ugcino lwedatha lolona khuseleko lukuphela kwalo.

Njengoko iHarvard Business Review yatshoyo:

"Kwixesha ledijithali, idatha ixabiseke ngaphezu kwegolide."

Ngoko ke thabatha inyathelo ngoku, bhala phantsi iskripthi sakho sokugcina idatha, kwaye ugcine idatha yakho iqinile ezandleni zakho.

Oku akupheleli nje kwitekhnoloji, kodwa kukwamalunga noxanduva.