Umthwalo weseva? Umyalelo ophezulu/usetyenziso lweCPU/umthwalo ophakathi kwendlela yokubala

xa sifunda ukusebenzisaLinux VPS iseva ukuyaukwakha iwebhusayithiEmva koko, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda intsingiselo yomthwalo womthwalo wemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yomthwalo, kuba kufuneka sisebenzisetopUmyalelo uyasiqonda isimo sokugqitywa kwenkqubo kwaye sinikele ingqalelo kwiinguqu zexesha langempela leenguqu.

Ukuze uqonde oku, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda iinkcazo eziguquguqukayo ezilandelayo.

Inkcazo eneenkcukacha yomyalelo ophezulu ophakathi womthwalo

Nanku umyalelo ocacileyo wokuba isetyenziswa njani ▼

top - 01:06:48 up 1:22, 1 user, load average: 0.06, 0.60, 0.48
Tasks: 29 total, 1 running, 28 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 0.3% us, 1.0% sy, 0.0% ni, 98.7% id, 0.0% wa, 0.0% hi, 0.0% si
Mem: 191272k total, 173656k used, 17616k free, 22052k buffers
Swap: 192772k total, 0k used, 192772k free, 123988k cached

PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
1379 root 16 0 7976 2456 1980 S 0.7 1.3 0:11.03 sshd
14704 root 16 0 2128 980 796 R 0.7 0.5 0:02.72 top
1 root 16 0 1992 632 544 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.90 init
2 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/0
3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0

• Imigca emi-5 yokuqala yendawo yeenkcukacha-manani ziinkcukacha-manani zenkqubo yonke.
• Umgca woku-1 lulwazi lomgca womsebenzi, ngeuptimeIsiphumo sokwenziwa komyalelo siyafana.

Imixholo yayo yile ilandelayo:

• 01:06:48 Ixesha langoku
• phezulu 1:22 Inkqubo eqhuba ixesha kwifomati yeeyure:imizuzu
• Umsebenzisi om-1 Inani labasebenzisi abangenileyo ngoku
• iavareji umthwalo: 0.06, 0.60, 0.48 System umthwalo, nto leyo ubude avareji kumgca umsebenzi.
• Amaxabiso amathathu amaxabiso aphakathi ukusuka kumzuzu omnye, imizuzu emi-3, kunye nemizuzu eli-1 eyadlulayo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
• Umgca 2 kunye no-3 yinkqubo kunye nolwazi lwe-CPU.
•  

Xa kukho ii-CPU ezininzi, lo mxholo ungadlula imigca emi-2.Umxholo umi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Imisebenzi: 29 iyonke inani leenkqubo
• 1 esebenzayo Inani leenkqubo ezisebenzayo
• 28 ukulala Inani leenkqubo zokulala
• 0 iyekile Inani leenkqubo eziyekiweyo
• 0 inani zombies iinkqubo zombie
• Cpu(s): 0.3% us Ipesenti ye-CPU ethathwe sisithuba somsebenzisi
• 1.0% sy Ipesenti ye-CPU ethathwe sisithuba sekernel
• 0.0% ni Ipesenti ye-CPU ethathwe ziinkqubo eziye zatshintsha izinto eziphambili kwisithuba senkqubo yabasebenzisi
• 98.7% ipesenti ye-CPU engasebenziyo
• 0.0% wa Ipesenti yexesha le-CPU elinde igalelo kunye nemveliso
• 0.0% molo
• 0.0% Si

Le ilandelayo yimigca emibini yokugqibela yolwazi lwenkumbulo:

• I-Mem: 191272k iyonke inkumbulo yomzimba
• I-173656k isetyenzisiwe inkumbulo yomzimba esetyenzisiweyo
• 17616k inkumbulo yasimahla iyonke yasimahla
• 22052k buffers Isixa sememori esetyenziswa njenge kernel cache
• Ukutshintsha: 192772k iyonke indawo yokutshintsha
• 0k isetyenziselwe indawo yokutshintsha iyonke esetyenzisiweyo
• 192772k indawo yokutshintsha yasimahla iyonke
• 123988k iyonke indawo yokutshintsha efihliweyo.

Imixholo yememori itshintshelwe kwindawo yokutshintsha kwaye emva koko ibuyele kwimemori, kodwa indawo yokutshintsha esetyenzisiweyo ayibhalwanga ngaphezulu.

Eli xabiso libungakanani bendawo yokutshintsha apho umxholo sele ukhona kwinkumbulo.

Xa imemori ehambelanayo itshintshiwe kwakhona, akusekho mfuneko yokubhalela kwindawo yokutshintsha.

Ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nenkqubo, eboniswe ngezantsi kwendawo yeenkcukacha-manani kwindawo nganye yolwazi lwenkqubo.

Okokuqala, masiqonde ukuba ikholamu nganye ithetha ukuthini.

ikholamu intsingiselo yegama

• I-ID yenkqubo ye-PID
• PPID id inkqubo yomzali
• RUSER Igama lomsebenzisi lokwenyani
• UID Isazisi somsebenzisi somnini wenkqubo
• USER igama lomsebenzisi lomnini wenkqubo
• GROUP igama leqela lomnini wenkqubo
• TTY Igama letheminali apho inkqubo iqalwe khona.Iinkqubo ezingaqalwanga kwi-terminal ziboniswa njenge ?
• PR ephambili
• NI ixabiso nice.Amaxabiso angalunganga abonisa ukubekwa phambili okuphezulu, amaxabiso amahle abonisa ukubekwa phambili okuphantsi
• P I-CPU yokugqibela esetyenzisiweyo, enentsingiselo kuphela kwindawo engqongileyo yee-CPU ezininzi
• % CPU Ipesenti ye-CPU yexesha elisetyenzisiweyo ukususela kuhlaziyo lokugqibela
• IXESHA Lilonke ixesha le-CPU elisetyenziswe yinkqubo, kwimizuzwana
• IXESHA+ Lilonke ixesha le-CPU elisetyenziswe yinkqubo, kwimizuzwana eyi-1/100
• I-%MEM Ipesenti yenkumbulo yomzimba esetyenziswa yinkqubo
• Isixa esipheleleyo sememori yenyani esetyenziswe yinkqubo yeVIRT, kwi kb. VIRT=TSHINTSHA+RES
• Ubungakanani bememori yenyani esetyenziswa yinkqubo ye-SWAP ukuba itshintshelwe ngaphandle, kwi-kb.
• Ubungakanani benkumbulo yomzimba esetyenziswa yinkqubo yeRES kwaye ayitshintshwanga, kwi kb. RES=IKHOWUDI+DATHA
• KHOWUDI Ubungakanani benkumbulo ebonakalayo ekwikhowudi ephunyeziweyo, kwi kb
• IDATHA Ubungakanani benkumbulo yomzimba ekwindawo engaphandle kwekhowudi ephunyezwayo (icandelo ledatha + istaki), kwi kb
• I-SHR ekwabelwana ngayo ngobungakanani bememori, kwi-kb
• Iimpazamo zephepha le-nFLT
• Inani lamaphepha alungisiweyo ukususela ekubhaleni kwe-nDRT yokugqibela.
• S Imo yenkqubo.
• D = imeko yokulala engaphazamisekiyo
• R = ukubaleka
• S = ukulala
• T=ingoma/yekisa
• Z = inkqubo ye-zombie
• UMYALELO igama lomyalelo/umgca womyalelo
• WCHAN Ukuba inkqubo ilele, bonisa igama lomsebenzi wenkqubo yokulala
• Iiflegi zomsebenzi weflegi, bhekisa kwi-sched.h

imiyalelo yokulayisha i-linux ephakathi

ejonge etopEmva kwemeko eboniswe ngumyalelo, kufuneka iphuculwe ngokungqinelana nayo, kodwatopUmyalelo ubonisa imbonakalo kuphela, ngoko sinokudlulaiostatokanyevmstatCela imigqaliselo eyongezelelekileyo.

vmstat ukujonga umthwalo wenkqubo

vmstat
procs -------memory-------- ----swap-- -----io---- --system-- ----cpu----
r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa
0 0 100152 2436 97200 289740 0 1 34 45 99 33 0 0 99 0

Inkqubo

• Ikholamu ye-r imele inani leenkqubo ezisebenzayo kunye nokulinda i-CPU yexesha lesilayi Ukuba ingaphezulu kwe-1 ixesha elide, oko kuthetha ukuba i-CPU ayanelanga kwaye i-CPU ifuna ukwandiswa.
• Ikholamu b ibonisa inani leenkqubo ezilindele izibonelelo, ezifana nokulinda i-I/O, okanye ukutshintshwa kwememori, njl.

cpu ibonisa imeko yokusetyenziswa kwecpu

• Ikholamu ye-us ibonisa ipesenti yexesha le-CPU elichithwe kwimodi yomsebenzisi. Xa ixabiso lethu liphezulu, lithetha ukuba inkqubo yomsebenzisi idla ixesha elininzi le-CPU, kodwa ukuba ikhulu kune-50% ixesha elide, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ukulungelelanisa inkqubo yomsebenzisi.
• Uluhlu lwe-sy lubonisa ipesenti yexesha le-cpu elichithwe yinkqubo ye-kernel.Apha, ixabiso lereferensi yethu + sy yi-80%. Ukuba thina + sy sikhulu kune-80%, kuthetha ukuba kunokubakho i-CPU eyaneleyo.
• Ikholamu ye-wa ibonisa ipesenti yexesha le-CPU ehlala i-IO ilinda.
• Ixabiso lereferensi ye wa apha yi 30% ukuba i wa ngaphaya kwe 30%, oko kuthetha ukuba i IO yokulinda inzulu.Oku kunokubangelwa linani elikhulu lofikelelo olungenamkhethe kwidiski, okanye ibhotile yebhanwidth yedisk okanye ukufikelela kwidisk. isilawuli (ubukhulu becala imisebenzi yokuvala).
• Ikholamu ye-id ibonisa ipesenti yexesha i-cpu ingenzi nto.

Inqaku elilandelayo lichaza ukuba uphakame kangakanani uMyinge woLayisho lweLinux?

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Ngoku iwebhusayithi yam ayinakufikelelwa ngenxa yokuba umthwalo uphezulu kakhulu, kufuneka ndenze ntoni?

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• Jonga ukuba ibaleka ntoni?Yiyiphi inkqubo kunye nokunye?
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• Ukuba emva kokuqalisa kwakhona umncedisi, umthwalo usephezulu kakhulu, zama ukuchonga inkqubo egcweleyo kwaye uyiyeke.
• Ukuba kuyimfuneko, qala ngokutsha inkqubo (hayi iseva) ngabanye.
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