Indlela yokukhetha i-OKR kunye ne-KPI? Iiyantlukwano ze-OKR kunye nee-KPIs kunye nokuNxulumanisa iiNzuzo kunye neeNgxaki

Indlela yokukhetha i-OKR kunye ne-KPI?

Iimeko ezisebenzayo ze-OKR zahlulwe ngokufanelekileyo zibe ngamacandelo amabini.

1. Inxalenye yayo ziimfuno ezisisiseko, ezibandakanya ukuthembana, ukungafihli kunye nobulungisa.
2. Elinye icandelo ziimfuno zesicelo.

Iinkcazo zokuthembela, ukuvuleka, kunye nobulungisa azifuni ngcaciso, kodwa ziziqinisekiso zokuphunyezwa kwexesha elide le-OKRs.

Iimfuno zesicelo zohlulwe zibe ngamanqanaba amathathu: ishishini, abantu, kunye nolawulo, ezi zilandelayo:

(1) Kwishishini:

• Xa kuthelekiswa nee-KPIs, ii-OKRs zifanelekile ngakumbi kwiindawo zoshishino zokutsha okanye ukuguqulwa kwenkqubo ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwabantu.
• Amava asebenzayo kaHuawei e-OKR abonisa ukuba: ukuphucula i-R&D kunye nolawulo lweenkonzo zomva-mva ngokusebenzisa izinto ezintsha kulungele ngakumbi i-OKR;
• Ukusebenza kunye nemveliso, olu hlobo lweshishini elijoliswe ekusebenzeni kunokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle komntu ngokulawula ixesha elifanelekileyo, elilungele ngakumbi i-KPI;

(2) Eyabantu:

• Xa ukhetha abagwebi be-OKR, kufuneka ukhethe abasebenzi abaneemfuno ezisisiseko zezinto eziphathekayo eziye zahlangatyezwa, kunye nabasebenzi abanomdla wokwenza izinto (ukuba akukho mdla, kufuneka ukhuthaze oku kuqala).
• Ngaphantsi kolawulo lwe-OKR, abasebenzi abathatha inyathelo lokuqala ukwenza izinto baya kudala ixabiso eliphezulu.

(3) Kubaphathi:

• I-OKRs zezenkokeli zenguqu, kungekhona kwiinkokheli zentengiselwano kunye neenkokheli ekufuneka zilawule yonke into ngokwabo.
• Xa uzisa i-OKRs, kufuneka ukhethe inkokeli yenguqu ukukhokela iqela, okanye uqeqeshe inkokeli yokuqala ukuba itshintshe.

Umahluko kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwe-OKR kunye ne-KPI

I-KPI (iZalathi zokuSebenza eziPhambili), eziguqulelwe ngokuthi "Izalathisi zeNtsebenzo ePhambili" ngesiTshayina, zibhekisa kwiinjongo zobuchule bokusebenza eziveliswe kukubola kweenjongo zesicwangciso-qhinga esikhulu seshishini.

Iimpawu eziphambili zentsebenzo zibonisa ugxininiso lweshishini kwisithuba sexesha elithile Ngokusebenzisa izalathisi eziphambili, ukwabiwa kwezibonelelo zombutho kunye nobuchule kwiinkalo zokusebenza eziphambili kunokomelezwa, ukuze ukuziphatha kwawo onke amalungu kugxininise kwizinto eziphambili eziyimpumelelo. ukuziphatha kunye nezinto eziphambili zoshishino.

I-OKR (Iinjongo kunye neZiphumo eziPhambili), ukuguqulelwa kwesiTshayina "yinjongo kunye neziphumo eziphambili".

zikhonaKule ncwadi, uNiven noLamorte bachaza i-OKR "njengesikhokelo sokucinga esibalulekileyo kunye nokuzivocavoca okuqhubekayo okwenza abasebenzi basebenzisane, bagxininise kwaye baqhubele phambili ishishini."

Enye, inkcazo ngokubanzi ngokubanzi ibona i-OKR "njengendlela kunye nesixhobo sokuyila kunye nokunxibelelana nequmrhu, iqela, kunye neenjongo zomntu ngamnye, kunye nokuvavanya iziphumo zomsebenzi kwezo njongo."

Undoqo we-OKR kukunceda iinkampani ukuba zifumane olona khokelo lubalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwazo, zihlale zigxile, kwaye zenze impumelelo kwezona ndawo zibalulekileyo ngokugxila kwizixhobo eziphezulu.

Njengoko igama libonisa, ii-OKRs zineenxalenye ezimbini, iiNjongo (O) kunye neZiphumo eziPhambili (KRs):

Injongo yinkcazo yeziphumo eziza kuphunyezwa yinkampani kwindlela efunwayo, kwaye iphendula ngokuyinhloko umbuzo othi "yintoni esifuna ukuyenza".Iinjongo ezilungileyo kufuneka zihambelane nawo onke amalungu eqela kwaye ibe ngumngeni omkhulu kwizakhono ezikhoyo.

Isiphumo esiphambili yinkcazo yobungakanani obulinganisa ukufezekiswa kwenjongo enikeziweyo, kwaye ngokuyinhloko iphendula umbuzo othi "Sazi njani ukuba injongo iphunyeziwe".Isiphumo esihle esiphambili kukulinganiswa kweenjongo ezingabonakaliyo.

Akunzima ukubona kwinkcazo yokuba ii-KPI kunye ne-OKR zinento efanayo.Bonke bagxininisa kwiinjongo eziphambili zentsebenzo yeshishini, kwaye bonke bagxininisa ukuba ngokugxininisa kwiinjongo eziphambili zokusebenza, banokukhokela amalungu ombutho ukuba enze ukuziphatha okusebenzayo okusebenzayo kwaye ekugqibeleni afezekise iziphumo ezifunwayo.

Okuhle kunye nokubi kwe-KPIs kunye ne-OKRs

Nangona kunjalo, kukho umahluko obalulekileyo phakathi kwezi zimbini, ezibonakaliswa ikakhulu kule miba ilandelayo:

Ukuyila kwinqanaba elahlukileyo

I-KPI inezalathi ezicacileyo kakhulu, kwaye into eyenzayo kukugqitywa ngokufanelekileyo kwezi zalathisi.

I-KPI sisixhobo sokuvavanya ukusebenza kakuhle komsebenzi, isebenzisa izalathisi zobungakanani ukulinganisa ukuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso.

Injongo yovavanyo ibalulekile ekuphunyezweni kweenjongo ezisekiweyo, kuba imisela ukuba isicwangciso sequmrhu singasebenza kangakanani na.

Kungenxa yokuba i-KPI ilandela i-XNUMX% yezinga lokugqitywa, xa ukhetha izikhombisi, igxininisa ekukwazini ukufikelela kwiinjongo emaziphunyezwe ngaxeshanye, ukukhokela abasebenzi ukuba benze iindlela zokuziphatha ezichanekileyo ezilindelwe lishishini, kwaye baqonde izigqibo zobuchule beshishini. Ugcino lwembuyekezo yocikizeko oluphezulu.

Injongo ye-OKR ayicacanga, kwaye igxile ngakumbi ekucebiseni umngeni kunye nokulandela imiyalelo enentsingiselo. I-OKR igxininisa ukuba ngokuhlalutya kwenkampani yeshishini layo, izibonelelo, iimarike zangaphandle, kunye nabakhuphisana nabo, inokufumana ulwalathiso olunokwenza ukuba inkampani iphumelele kukhuphiswano, kwaye iqhubeke nokugxila kolu lwalathiso lokukhangela impumelelo.

Ngoko ke, i-OKR idla ngokusebenza nzima kwicala elifanelekileyo, kwaye ngokuvuselela umdla wabasebenzi, inokufikelela kwiziphumo ezidlula ukulindela.Xa kuthelekiswa nee-KPIs ezigxile kwizalathi ezinokuthi zigqitywe, inqobo ebalulekileyo yokulinganisa ukuba ngaba ii-OKRs ziyilwe ngokufanelekileyo kukuba iinjongo zingumngeni na nangaphezulu.

I-OKR ikholelwa ukuba iinjongo ezinzima kakhulu zithetha ukuba kufuneka kwenziwe umzamo omkhulu wokulahla ukucinga okuqhelekileyo kwaye uzame izisombululo ezininzi ukuze ufezekise injongo, engaququzeleli ukugxila okuqhubekayo kwinjongo, kodwa ikhokelela ekuziphatheni okuphezulu.Ukuba ilungu ngalinye lombutho lisebenzela kwinjongo "ebonakala ingenakwenzeka", nokuba injongo yokugqibela ayifezekanga, umphumo ungcono kakhulu kunokufikelela usukelo oluqhelekileyo.

Ingabonwa ukuba kukho umahluko obalulekileyo phakathi kwe-KPIs kunye nee-OKRs ngokwemigaqo yoyilo lwesiseko. Ii-KPIs zijolise ekufezekiseni iinjongo ezicacileyo, zingagqithisi kuzo.

Nangona kwezinye iimeko, iinkampani ziya kubonisa ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kweenjongo zokuphumelela ngokugqithisileyo, oku akufuneki, kwaye iqondo lokuphumelela ngokugqithisileyo lilinganiselwe.Kwaye i-OKR izibophelele ekukhokeleni indlela eya phambili kunye nokwenza inkqubela phambili.

Ekubeni usukelo ngokwalo kunzima kakhulu ukulufikelela, akubalulekanga kangako enoba lugqityiwe okanye alugqitywanga.. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukugqiba ama-XNUMX ukuya kuma-XNUMX ekhulwini kwanele ukukhokelela kwisiphumo esingaphezu kolindelo.

Kukho umahluko kwinkqubo yoyilo

Iindlela zonxibelelwano ze-KPIs kunye nee-OKRs kwinkqubo yoyilo nazo zahlukile. Uyilo lwe-KPIs luqhele ukuba phezulu-phantsi abathunywa, ngelixa i-OKRs inika ingqwalasela engakumbi kwintsebenziswano ye-multi-dimensional of up, down, left and right.

Iindlela zophuhliso ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ze-KPI ziquka "ikhadi lamanqaku alungelelanisiweyo" kunye "nendlela yempumelelo ebalulekileyo".

I "Balanced Scorecard" kukulinganisa isicwangciso kwimiba emine yezemali, abathengi, iinkqubo zangaphakathi kunye nokufunda kunye nokukhula ngokufumana izinto eziphambili zeqhinga ezinokuqhuba impumelelo yesicwangciso, kunye nokuseka inkqubo yesalathisi sokusebenza esingundoqo. Ngokusondeleleneyo kwizinto eziphambili zempumelelo Enye indlela yokuphumeza umphumo.

"Indlela yempumelelo ebalulekileyo" kukufumana izinto eziphambili zempumelelo yenkampani kunye nempumelelo ngohlalutyo lweendawo eziphambili zempumelelo yenkampani, kwaye emva koko ukhuphe iimodyuli eziphambili ezikhokelela kwimpumelelo, kwaye emva koko ukubola iimodyuli eziphambili. kwizinto ezingundoqo, kwaye ekugqibeleni into nganye Yahlulahlulwe ibe zizalathisi zokusebenza eziphambili ezinokuqikelelwa.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yeyiphi indlela abayisebenzisayo, inkqubo yokuphuhlisa i-KPIs i-layer-by-layer decomposition yesicwangciso sequmrhu, inkcazo ephezulu-phantsi yento efunekayo ukuze kuphunyezwe ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kunye noko kufuneka kuphunyezwe.

Le nkqubo yenza ii-KPIs zibonise ngakumbi indlela yokuziphatha eyenziwa ngumbutho elindele ukuba abantu ngabanye bayenze.Akucacanga kwizalathisi ezithile ukuba umntu unokuba negalelo elibonakalayo ekuphunyezweni kweqhinga loshishino, nto leyo ekhokelela kubume bentsebenziswano bee-KPIs. kubi.

Ngokwahlukileyo, uyilo lwe-OKR yinkqubo yonxibelelwano eneendlela ezininzi.Ukusuka kwi-Drucker's "Ulawulo ngeeNjongo" ukuya kwi-Grove's "Ulawulo lwe-High-yield", ukuya kwimodeli ye-OKR kaGoogle, isoloko igxininisa "ukuhambelana kolwalathiso", "inyathelo lomqeshwa" kunye "nokubambisana kwesebe", Ezi mpawu zintathu nazo zimele ezintathu. iindlela zonxibelelwano lwe-OKR kwinkqubo yoyilo.

Umahluko kwindlela yokuqhuba

Ngokwembono yendlela yokuqhuba, iKPI ikhokela indlela yokuziphatha yabasebenzi ngokukhuthaza izinto eziphathekayo zangaphandle, ngelixa i-OKR igxininisa ukusetyenziswa kokuzixabisa komqeshwa ukuqhubela phambili impumelelo yeenjongo zokusebenza. Ngoko ke, kukho umahluko kwinkuthazo. kwezi ndlela zimbini zokuziphatha..

Ukuphunyezwa kwe-KPI ngokubanzi kufuneka kuxhomekeke kwi-traction of incentives yangaphandle, egqitywe yimpawu zenkqubo yophuhliso. Uyilo lweKPI ikakhulu lukwimo yokusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ibonise ubukhulu becala iziphumo zomsebenzi ezifunwa lishishini ukuba liphunyezwe ngumsebenzi. ibonakalisiwe.

Kule meko, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukusebenzisa izinto zangaphandle ukuseka ubudlelwane "bekhontrakthi" ukudibanisa inyathelo lokuqala labasebenzi.

• Ngesiqhelo, iinkampani zisebenzisa izinto eziphathekayo ezifana nokunyuswa kwemivuzo kunye nokwabiwa kwebhonasi ukukhokela impatho ephezulu yabasebenzi, kwaye abasebenzi bafumana imbuyekezo yemathiriyeli ephezulu ngokufezekiswa kwezalathi ze-KPI.
• Oku kukwachaza ukuba kutheni kwiimeko ezininzi iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-KPIs zinxulunyaniswa nenkqubo yenkuthazo yembuyekezo.Kodwa imida yale ndlela ikwabonakala ngakumbi.Okokuqala, izinto ezikhuthazayo zonyusa iindleko zokusebenza kweshishini, ngoko ke imibutho ayifunimdaukwandisa inqanaba lezinto ezikhuthazayo;
• Okwesibini, inqanaba lenkuthazo alisoloko lilingana nefuthe elikhuthazayo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha lide libe nefuthe elibi, ngoko ke ukufumana ibhalansi phakathi kwezi zibini kubalulekile.
• Ngenxa yale mida, iinkampani ezininzi sele ziqalisile ukufuna iindlela zokukhuthaza ezohlukeneyo, zizama ukucofa inkuthazo enzulu yangaphakathi yabasebenzi ukuba baphumeze uphuculo oluqhubekayo lomsebenzi wabo.

Kwaye i-OKR ibonakala isebenza ngakumbi kulo mba.

Ixhomekeke ikakhulu ekukhuthazeni ukuziphatha kakuhle kwabasebenzi ngokuzithandela ukuphumeza injongo yokuphucula intsebenzo.

Kukho izizathu ezibini eziphambili zale nto.

1. Okokuqala, inqanaba lokuzibandakanya kwabasebenzi lichaphazela ukuziphatha kwabo emsebenzini.I-Psychology ikholelwa ukuba abantu bazimisele ngakumbi ukudibanisa ngokusebenzayo kunye nemisebenzi ababandakanyeka kuyo kwaye banikele ingqalelo engakumbi.Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ii-OKRs zijolise ekubandakanyekeni kwabasebenzi.Amalungu ombutho kufuneka abe neengcinga ezinzulu kunye nonxibelelwano olujikelezayo kuyilo lwe-OKR, okwenza ukuba injongo nganye kunye nesiphumo esiphambili sibe nempembelelo.
2. Okwesibini, i-OKR ayingombono wenkampani kuphela, kodwa ikwangumfanekiso opheleleyo wexabiso lobuqu labasebenzi.Inkqubo yokuqonda i-OKR ikwayinkqubo yokuqonda ukuzithemba.

Ke ngoko, kubasebenzi abaneminqweno ephezulu, i-OKR inokuvuselela ngempumelelo ngakumbi inkuthazo yabo yangaphakathi yokuzazi.

Imiba ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kwi-OKR practice

Xa uziqhelanisa ne-OKR, ungaziphepha njani iingxaki okanye iipateni ezinokuthi zitshintshwe kwixesha elifutshane, ukuze uhlengahlengiso lwentsebenzo lusebenze kwinkampani?

Kuthekani ukuba kukho iinxalenye zenkampani ezingasebenzisi ii-OKRs?

Amashishini akufuneki ukuba azise ii-OKRs ukuthatha indawo yovavanyo lwe-KPI.I-OKRs zinokusetyenziswa ngokubambisana ne-KPIs (iitalente zahlulwe zibe yi-self-management kunye nolawulo lwe-passive, i-OKRs isetyenziselwa ukulawula iitalente zokuzilawula, kwaye ii-KPIs zisetyenziselwa ukulawula ulawulo lwe-passive. iitalente).

Inokulawulwa kuphela ngendlela yenjongo + iziphumo eziphambili, kwaye indlela yokuhlola ayiyi kwaziswa okwangoku.

Ukuthatha imveliso njengomzekelo, isebe lolawulo kwisayithi lisebenzisa i-KPIs ukugcina iliso ekusebenzeni kakuhle, isebe lolawulo jikelele lisebenzisa i-OKR ukubeka injongo yokunciphisa iindleko kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, kwaye injongo ibekwe kwindawo ephezulu. Uvavanyo lucatshulwe kwinjongo, kujongwe kuphela kwigalelo, utsalo lwexesha elide, iindleko zolawulo ziphantsi ngokwendalo;软件Iqondo lophuhliso, ulwahlulo lwe-OKRs kunye nee-KPIs lunokuba kumgangatho wesebe kakhulu.

Kuthekani ngokungabikho kwabantu abakhutheleyo kwimodyuli yoshishino?

Okokuqala khetha okanye uqeqeshe inani elincinane labasebenzi abaneemfuno zezinto eziphathekayo eziye zahlangatyezwa, funa inkxaso yaba basebenzi, kwaye usebenzise iqaqobana ukuqhuba uninzi;

Kuthekani ukuba akukho ndawo ingqongileyo ifanelekileyo?

I-OKR ayilandeli imeko-bume enobulungisa ngokupheleleyo apho umnikelo ulingana nembuyekezo, kodwa kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba abo bahlawulayo banokufumana imbuyekezo ngokukhawuleza okanye kamva;

I-OKR ayilandeli umlinganiselo omiselweyo wembuyekezo elingana nentlawulo, kodwa kufuneka iqinisekise imeko-bume enobulungisa ngokubanzi.Esi sisiseko sophuhliso lweshishini kunye nesiseko somanyano lwe-centripetal force.

Kuthekani ukuba imivuzo nemivuzo kunzima ukuyiqonda?

Ixesha lentshayelelo le-1 lityunjwe.

• Musa ukutshintsha umvuzo wonyaka wokuqala, kwaye wahlule iinjongo kunye novavanyo.Xa iqela lenza impumelelo, abaphathi baya kucela ngokwemvelo imbuyekezo, kwaye ngeli xesha, banokufuna ngakumbi inkxaso yabaphathi.
• Ukongeza, akufuneki ulinganise ireyithi yembuyekezo xa ubhengeza abasebenzi, ukuze uthintele abasebenzi ukuba bangaphambuki ingqalelo yabo kwisixa semali, nto leyo ekhokelela ekunciphiseni kombono.Imbuyekezo ibonakaliswa emvuzweni, kwaye yanele. ukugcina ubulungisa ngokwentelekiso.

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