Indlela yokusombulula umthwalo ophezulu weVPS? Indlela yokuphucula ukusebenza + isikhokelo esipheleleyo sokwandiswa kwememori ye-CPU

Ngaba i-VPS yakho igcwele kakhulu kwaye malunga nokuwa?

Ukuqala nge-4-core 16GB uqwalaselo, eli nqaku lihlalutya ngokucacileyo indlela yokukhetha inani elifanelekileyo le-CPU cores kunye nememori, kwaye inika isikhokelo esibanzi sokuphucula ukusebenza kweVPS.

Ingaba i-database optimization, ukulungiswa kwesicelo se-PHP okanye ukuphuculwa kwe-hardware, sineengcebiso ezithile zokukunceda ufumane isisombululo esona sisombululo senza ukuba i-VPS yakho iqhube ngokukhawuleza kwaye izinzile, kwaye uthi ndlela-ntle kwiibhotile zokusebenza!

Ndiyathemba ukuba ezi zinokukunceda, ukwenzela ukuba i-VPS yakho ingasayi kuxakeka njenge-stall kebab!

I-VPS ilayishwe kakhulu.

Cinga ukuba i-CPU yokucwangcisa i-VPS yi-4 cores + imemori ye-16GB, khangela top Imeko yomthwalo inzulu.

top - 02:34:42 up 1:55, 3 users, load average: 54.22, 34.14, 32.00
Tasks: 179 total, 72 running, 107 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 70.7 us, 27.4 sy, 0.0 ni, 1.9 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 16777216 total, 2584976 free, 13411120 used, 781120 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 0 total, 0 free, 0 used. 3282716 avail Mem

(此处省略……)

koko ukubonelela top Ukujonga kwisiphumo somyalelo, umthwalo we-VPS yakho uphezulu kakhulu, kunye nomthwalo oqhelekileyo ufikelela kwi-54.22 (umzuzu wokugqibela we-1), i-34.14 (imizuzu emi-5 yokugqibela), kunye ne-32.00 (imizuzu eyi-15 yokugqibela).

Oku kubonisa ukuba inkqubo yakho ifumana ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu. I-VPS yakho ine-4-core CPU kunye ne-16GB RAM, kodwa imemori esetyenzisiweyo yi-13,411,120KiB, apho kuphela i-781,120KiB isetyenziswa njenge-buffer.

Ngokutsho top Ukusuka kwimveliso yomyalelo, unokubona ukuba kukho iinkqubo ezininzi zobutyebi:

• mariadbd (inkonzo yedatha ye-MariaDB):Ithatha izixhobo ezininzi ze-CPU (143.1%).
• I-memcache:Uthatha isixa esithile se-CPU (7.7%).
• Iinkqubo ezininzi zephp-cgi:Ngamnye uthatha i-CPU ethile kunye nezixhobo zememori.

Indlela yokusombulula umthwalo ophezulu weVPS?

Izisombululo kumthwalo ophezulu zinokuquka:

1. Lungiselela uvimba weenkcukacha:Ukuba i-mariadbd ithatha i-CPU eninzi, unokufuna ukwandisa imibuzo yedatha okanye ucinge ngokunyusa izibonelelo zeseva yedatha.
2. Lungiselela usetyenziso lwe-PHP:Ekubeni kukho iinkqubo ezininzi zephp-cgi ezithatha i-CPU eninzi kunye nememori, unokufuna ukwandisa isicelo sakho se-PHP okanye iscript ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi.
3. Nciphisa inani leenkqubo:Cinga ngokusebenzisa into efana ne-nginx's worker_processes okanye i-PHP-FPM's pm useto ukunciphisa inani leenkqubo.
4. Ukongezwa kovimba:Ukuba ulungiselelo alukafikeleli kwiimfuno zakho, kunokufuneka uphucule iVPS yakho kuqwalaselo oluneecores ezininzi okanye ngaphezulu kwe-RAM.
5. Beka iliso kwaye uhlalutye:Sebenzisa izixhobo zokubeka iliso eziphezulu ngakumbi ukuhlalutya ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zenkqubo kunye nokuchonga imiqobo.
6. Umthwalo wokulinganisa:Ukuba itrafikhi yinxalenye yengxaki, cinga ukusebenzisa ulungelelwaniso lomthwalo ukusasaza izicelo kwiiseva ezininzi.

Ngaphambi kokuqwalasela ukuphuculwa kweVPS yakho, kucetyiswa ngamandla ukuba ulungiselele inkqubo yakho kunye nezicelo kuqala.

Ukuphuculwa kwezixhobo ze-hardware kufuneka kwenziwe njengento yokugqibela kwaye kuphela xa kuchongwa ukuba i-hardware yangoku ayinakulungiswa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno.

Indlela yokumisela umda wenkqubo yeVPS?

Xa ubeka imida yenkqubo, kufuneka uqwalasele le miba ilandelayo:

• Inani langoku leenkqubo:Udinga umda wenkqubo ofanelekileyo ophezulu kunomndilili wangoku wenani leenkqubo ukuphepha ukuchaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo.
• Iimfuno zenkqubo kunye nesicelo:Qonda ukuba zingaphi iinkqubo zakho inkqubo kunye nezicelo ezifuna ukusebenza.
• Ukusetyenziswa kovimba:Beka iliso kwi-CPU kunye nokusetyenziswa kwememori ukumisela imida yenkqubo efanelekileyo kunye nokuphepha ukudinwa kwezixhobo.
  Ngokunikwa inani langoku leenkqubo kwiseva yakho, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ungabeki umda wenkqubo uphantsi kakhulu.

Umda okhululekileyo, onjenge-50 okanye i-100 kumda othambileyo kunye ne-100 okanye i-200 kumda onzima, unokufaneleka ngakumbi. Ungahlengahlengisa oku ngokusekelwe kumthwalo womncedisi wakho kunye nokusebenza.

Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokutshintsha imida yenkqubo, jonga ukusebenza kweseva yakho ngokusondeleyo kwaye ulungele ukubuyisela umva utshintsho xa kukho ukucima. Kwangaxeshanye, cinga ngokulungiselela usetyenziso kunye nolungelelwaniso lwenkqubo ukunciphisa inani leenkqubo ezingeyomfuneko.

InLinuxinkqubo, ungadlula /etc/security/limits.conf Useto lwefayile lunciphisa inani leefayile ezivuliweyo, ifomathi yile ilandelayo:

<用户名或用户组> soft nofile <软限制值>
<用户名或用户组> hard nofile <硬限制值>

Kucingelwa ukuba imida yenkqubo isetiwe:

elo hard nproc 1000
elo hard nofile 5000

I-VPS iphuculwe ukusuka kwi-4-core 16GB ukuya kwisicwangciso esifanelekileyo sokucwangcisa

Kuyaqatshelwa ukuba kukho malunga ne-500 yeenkqubo ezisebenza kakhulu, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuhlaziya uqwalaselo lomncedisi? Loluphi uqwalaselo lweseva olucetyiswayo ukuba uphuculwe kulo?

Ukucinga ukuba isicelo sakho sidinga ukuqhuba inani elikhulu leenkqubo ngaxeshanye, kwaye ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo inezixhobo ezaneleyo zokuphatha umthwalo ophezulu, nazi iingcebiso ezithile:

• Inani lee-CPU cores:Phucula kwi-CPU ene-8, i-16, okanye ii-cores ezingaphezulu, kuxhomekeke ekubeni isicelo sakho sinokuzuza kwi-multi-threading.
• ubungakanani benkumbulo:Yandisa imemori ukuya kwi-32GB, 64GB, okanye ngaphezulu, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zememori yesicelo sakho kunye nenani leenkqubo ozenzayo.
• Izibonelelo ezongezelelweyo:Cinga ukongeza izixhobo ezongezelelweyo, ezifana neseva yedatha ezinikeleyo okanye ibhalansi yomthwalo, ukuphucula ukusebenza ngokubanzi kunye nokuthembeka.

Gcina ukhumbula ukuba ukuphucula ubumbeko bakho behardware ayisiyompendulo kwimicimbi yokusebenza. Qinisekisa ukuba ikhowudi yesicelo sakho, imibuzo yedathabheyisi, kunye noqwalaselo lweseva lulungiselelwe ukuthatha inzuzo epheleleyo yezixhobo zehardware ezongezelelweyo.