Isikhokelo esipheleleyo se-MySQL/MariaDB Backup kunye ne-Decompression Commands: Ukusuka kwabaqalayo ukuya kwiNgcali

MySQLIsikhokelo esipheleleyo kwiMariaDB Backup kunye neDecompression Commands

Ukususela kwabaqalayo ukuya kwingcali, iyasixelela...mysqlLe khosi ibonelela ngomsebenzi opheleleyo we-dump backup, i-gzip compression, i-gunzip decompression, kunye nokungenisa i-MySQL, inceda abaphuhlisi ngokukhawuleza ukuba babe nobuchule bokugcina idatha kunye nezakhono zokubuyisela idatha ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwedatha kunye nokuqhubeka kweshishini.

Nangona i-MySQL kunye ne-MariaDB zabelana ngemvelaphi efanayo, zahluke kakhulu ngokweelayisenisi ze-open-source, ukwandiswa kweempawu, ukulungiswa kokusebenza, kunye ne-ecosystem yoluntu. I-MariaDB igxininisa ukuveliswa kwe-open source epheleleyo kunye nobuchule beempawu, ngelixa i-MySQL ixhomekeke kwinkxaso yezorhwebo ye-Oracle kwaye ifanelekile ngakumbi kwizicelo zenqanaba leshishini.

Kuphela xa isiseko sedatha saphuka apho ndaqonda ukubaluleka kokwenza ii-backups.

Wonke umphuhlisi ukhe wahlangabezana nobuhlungu bokulahlekelwa yidatha, kwaye imiyalelo yokugcina idatha kunye nokubuyisela idatha yeMySQL kunye neMariaDB yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.

Ngoku ndiza kukukhokela ngendlela ethe ngqo yokuqonda ngokupheleleyo imiyalelo ye-backup, decompression, kunye ne-import ye-MySQL/MariaDB.

Kutheni le nto imiyalelo yokugcina idatha ye-MySQL/MariaDB ibaluleke kangaka?

Idatha yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwishishini.

Ukuba isiseko sedatha sonakele, oko kunokukhokelela ekuphazamisekeni kweshishini okanye ekulahlekelweni zizigidi zeerandi.

Ngokutsho kophando olwenziwe kwi-IEEE Transactions on Computers, amashishini alahlekelwa yimali efikelela [kwixabiso elingekhoyo] ngomzuzu ngenxa yokungasebenzi kwedatabase.5600 iUSD(Umthombo: IEEE, 2023).

Yiyo loo nto kufuneka uqhelene nemiyalelo yogcino.

Inkcazo eneenkcukacha zeMiyalelo yoLondolozo lweMySQL/MariaDB

Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokugcina idatha kukusebenzisamysqldump,

Lo myalelo ulandelayo:

mysqldump -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] > dumpfilename.sql

• -u root: Chaza umsebenzisi.
• -p[root_password]Faka igama lokugqitha lakho.
• [database_name]Igama lesiseko sedatha esiza kugcinwa kwi-backup.
• dumpfilename.sqlIgama lefayile yogcino.

Umzekelo, ukuba isiseko sakho sedatha sibizwa ngokuba...shopdbIgama lefayile ngushop_backup.sqlNgoko ke umyalelo ngulo:

mysqldump -u root -p123456 shopdb > shop_backup.sql

IMariaDB ikwaxhasa oku.mysqldumpI-syntax ihambelana ngokupheleleyo.

Awuyithandi na loo nto?

Ubungakanani befayile yogcino kunye nokucinezelwa

Ngamanye amaxesha iifayile zedathabheyisi zinkulu kakhulu, zimbalwa iigigabytes.

Kulapho ke ucinezelo lungena khona.

LinuxOwona myalelo uqhelekileyo wokucinezela ngugzip:

gzip shop_backup.sql

Ifayile ecinezelweyo ibashop_backup.sql.gz,

Oku akugcini nje ngokugcina indawo yokugcina kodwa kwenza kube lula ukudlulisa idatha.

Umyalelo wokuvula i-zip: Inyathelo lokuqala lokubuyisela

Isiseko sedatha kufuneka sivulwe ngaphambi kokuba singeniswe.

Lo myalelo ulandelayo:

gunzip FileName.gz

Inguqulelo:

gunzip shop_backup.sql.gz

Emva kokunciphisa uxinzelelo, uya kufumanashop_backup.sqlLe yifayile enokungeniswa.

Inkcazo eneenkcukacha ze-MySQL/MariaDB Import Commands

Umyalelo wokungenisa kunye ne-backup ziphantse zibe yimifanekiso yesipili yomnye nomnye:

mysql -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] < dumpfilename.sql

Umzekelo:

mysql -u root -p123456 shopdb < shop_backup.sql

Eli nyathelo lingenisa idatha epheleleyo evela kwifayile ukuya kwisiseko sedatha.

IMariaDB ikwasebenzisamysqlUkungenisa umyalelo kuyahambelana ngokupheleleyo.

Imeko yokwenyani: Inkqubo epheleleyo ukusuka kwi-backup ukuya kwi-recovery

Masithi unayoEzorhwebo数据库shopdb,

1. Ugcino:

   mysqldump -u root -p123456 shopdb > shop_backup.sql
   

2. ucinezelo:

   gzip shop_backup.sql
   

fumanashop_backup.sql.gz,

1. Uzip:

   gunzip shop_backup.sql.gz
   

Buyisela kwishop_backup.sql,

1. Ngenisa:

   mysql -u root -p123456 shopdb < shop_backup.sql
   

Yonke inkqubo igqitywe kakuhle.

Iimpazamo Eziqhelekileyo Nezisombululo

• Impazamo 1: Ufikelelo aluvumelekanga
  Oku kubonisa igama eligqithisiweyo elingachanekanga okanye amalungelo omsebenzisi angonelanga.
  Isisombululo: Jonga iimvume zomsebenzisi ukuqinisekisa ukuba zikhona.SELECTKunye kunyeINSERTIimvume.

• Impazamo 2: Inkumbulo enganeleyo
  Isiseko sedatha singeniswe ngesandla ngenxa yokuba imemori ayiphelelanga.
  Isisombululo: Sebenzisa--single-transactionUkungeniswa kweqela leeparameter.

• Impazamo 3: Ingxaki yombhalo oxutyiweyo
  Emva kokungenisa, oonobumba besiTshayina baboniswa njengophawu lwemibuzo.
  Isisombululo: Yongeza oku kulandelayo kumyalelo--default-character-set=utf8mb4,

Amaxwebhu asemthethweni e-MySQL acacisa ngokucacileyo ukuba:

"sebenzisamysqldumpLe yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza ii-backups ezinengqondo, njengoko iqinisekisa ukuhambelana phakathi kwesakhiwo sedatha kunye nomxholo wedatha. (Umthombo: Incwadi yeNgxelo yeMySQL, i-Oracle)

Amaxwebhu asemthethweni eMariaDB agxininisa kwakhona:

"I-MariaDB ihambelana ngokupheleleyo nemiyalelo ye-MySQL yokugcina nokubuyisela, ivumela abaphuhlisi ukuba bafuduke ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka." (Umthombo: Isiseko soLwazi seMariaDB)

Oku kugxininisa kwakhona ukubaluleka kokugcina ii-backups zomgca womyalelo.

Iindlela Eziphambili: Ugcino Oluzenzekelayo

Ukugcina ii-backups ngesandla kuyingxaki kakhulu?

UnokusebenzisacrontabImisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo.

Umzekelo, ukugcina idatha ngokuzenzekelayo ngentsimbi yesi-2 kusasa yonke imihla:

0 2 * * * mysqldump -u root -p123456 shopdb > /backup/shop_$(date +\%F).sql

Oku kuya kuvelisa ifayile yogcino enomhla yonke imihla.

总结

Ugcino lwedathabheyisi aluyondlela ifanelekileyo, kodwa ngumbandela wobomi nokufa.

inkosimysqldump,gunzipKunye kunyemysqlUmyalelo wokungenisa ufana nokuba neswitshi yombane yokulawula isiseko sedatha.

Ingongoma yam icacile kakhulu:Ukhuseleko lwedatha yeyona nto iphambili kumashishini, kwaye ugcino lwedatha kuphela kwendlela yokuzikhusela.

Njengoko iHarvard Business Review yatshoyo:

"Kwixesha ledijithali, idatha ixabiseke ngaphezu kwegolide."

Ngoko ke thabatha inyathelo ngoku, bhala phantsi izikripthi zakho, kwaye ugcine idatha iqinile ezandleni zakho.

Oku akupheleli nje kwitekhnoloji, kodwa kukwamalunga noxanduva.