Isalathiso senqaku
Ngaba iseva enye isebenzisa iiwebhusayithi ezininzi zeWordPress ezabelana ngeMemcached ezibangela ukubhalwa ngaphezulu kwedatha okanye imiba yoqhagamshelo oludibeneyo?
Eli nqaku libonelela ngesikhokelo senyathelo ngenyathelo sendlela yokwahlula ngokugqibeleleyo idatha ye-transient kunye ne-object cache kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngokuseta i-prefix ye-cache eyahlukileyo (WP_CACHE_KEY_SALT) kunye ne-object cache scripts.
I-100% isusa iingxabano zedatha, ivumela iisayithi ezininzi ukuba zonwabele amava okukhawulezisa inkumbulo ngaxeshanye, kwaye ibandakanya iingcebiso zokhuseleko zokuthintela iingxaki kwiindawo zemveliso!
Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, umhlobo wam undibuze ngeewebhusayithi zakhe ezintathu zeWordPress ezisebenza kwiseva yakhe. Wayefuna ukuseta iMemcached ukuze ikhawulezise, kodwa wayexhalabile ukuba idatha iza konakala.
Ndahleka ngaloo mzuzu kuba nam ndandiwele kulo mgibe.
Inyaniso kukuba, iMemcached kulula kakhulu ukuyiseta kwindawo enye, kodwa iba nomdla xa kufikwa kwiindawo ezininzi ezihlala kunye. Ngoba?
Ngokuzenzekelayo, iMemcached ibeka zonke ii-transient kunye nee-object caches zewebhusayithi kwidama elinye. Khawuthelekelele ukuba iiwebhusayithi u-A kunye no-B zenzeka zisebenzisa isitshixo se-cache esifanayo—oko kuya kubangela isiphithiphithi. Idatha ka-A iya kubhala ngaphezulu ii-B ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye iiwebhusayithi ezimbini ziya kuqala "ukuphazamisana" nedatha yomnye nomnye.
Oko ndadibana nako kwakuhlekisa nangakumbi: iphepha leenkcukacha zemveliso kwiwebhusayithi ye-e-commerce lalibonisa umxholo wenqaku elivela kwenye iwebhusayithi yebhlog. Ndothuke kakhulu, ndicinga, "Yintoni le?!"
Kundithathe ubusuku bonke ukuyifumanisa le nto; kwafumaniseka ukuba yingxabano yesitshixo se-cache.
Ngoko ke namhlanje ndabelana ngendlela yam yokumisela ngethemba lokuba inokunceda abahlobo abaneemfuno ezifanayo. Ndisaziphonononga ngokwam, kwaye ezinye zeengcinga zam zisenokungaphuhliswa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa le ndlela isebenze kakuhle kum.
Ukulungiswa kwendawo yeseva
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukumisela iWordPress, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba iseva inenkonzo yeMemcached kunye nolwandiso lwePHP Memcached olufakiweyo.
Ndiyifaka njani iMemcached ndisebenzisa iHestiaCP?
Ukuthatha Ubuntu njengomzekelo, kubandakanya imigca emithathu yemiyalelo kuphela.
sudo apt update
sudo apt install memcached php-memcached
sudo systemctl restart php8.x-fpm # 根据你的 PHP 版本改Emva kokufakela, khumbula ukujonga ukuba inkonzo yeMemcached iyasebenza na.
sudo systemctl status memcachedUkuba ubona "isebenza (ibaleka)," oko kuthetha ukuba akukho ngxaki.
Qaphela ukuba amagama eepakeji anokwahluka kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Kwiinkqubo ezisekwe kwiDebian, lo myalelo usetyenziswa ngokubanzi; nangona kunjalo, kwiCentOS okanye kwezinye iindawo zokusasazwa, unokufuna ukusebenzisa i-yum okanye i-dnf ukuze ufake.
Ndandisebenzisa Ubuntu 20.04 ngelo xesha, kwaye yonke inkqubo yahamba kakuhle.
Umsebenzi oyintloko: Lungiselela isimaphambili se-cache
Eli nyathelo ngumphefumlo woqwalaselo lonke kwaye lisitshixo sokuthintela ukudideka kwedatha.
Udinga ukongeza isimaphambili se-cache ekhethekileyo kwifayile ye-wp-config.php kwi-root directory yewebhusayithi nganye ye-WordPress.
Vula ifayile ye-wp-config.php yewebhusayithi yokuqala uze ufumane olu luhlu lwezimvo.
/* That's all, stop editing! Happy blogging. */Yongeza ngaphezulu kwalo mgca
// 网站 A 的配置
define( 'WP_CACHE_KEY_SALT', 'site1_unique_string_' );Emva koko vula ifayile ye-wp-config.php kwiwebhusayithi yesibini uze wongeze uqwalaselo olufanayo.
// 网站 B 的配置
define( 'WP_CACHE_KEY_SALT', 'site2_unique_string_' );Ndiyakuxelela, umtya olandelayo we-WP_CACHE_KEY_SALT kufuneka ube ngowahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo . Ndicebisa ukuba usebenzise igama ledomeyini yewebhusayithi yakho okanye isifinyezo, esifana ne-site1_com_ okanye i-site2_net_.
Ndandilivila kwaye ndisebenzisa amanani, kodwa emva kweenyanga ezintathu ndalibala ngokupheleleyo ukuba leliphi inani elihambelana newebhusayithi, kwaye kwafuneka ndizikhangele nganye nganye, nto leyo eyayindikhathaza kakhulu.
Cinga ngale nto: I-Memcached isebenza ngokugcina nokubuyisa idatha ngokusekelwe kwizitshixo ze-cache. Ukuba useta isiqalo esahlukileyo kwiwebhusayithi nganye, idatha yabo iya kwahlulwa ngokwendalo kwaye ayiyi kuphazamisana.
Oku kufana nokunika iwebhusayithi nganye ilokha yayo. Nangona zonke zikwigumbi elinye, izitshixo zahlukile, ngoko ke idatha ayizukudideka.
Vumela ukugcinwa kwe-caching kwezinto
Emva kokumisela isimaphambili, inyathelo elilandelayo kukuvumela iWordPress ukuba isebenzise iMemcached ngokwenene.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini apha, kwaye ndizamile zombini. Ngayinye inezibonelelo zayo.
Ukhetho 1: Indlela ye-plugin (ayinangxaki kangako)
Ngena kwiphaneli yomlawuli yeWordPress uze ufake i-plugin ye-caching exhasa i-Memcached.
Ndicebisa ukusebenzisa i-W3 Total Cache ; izinzile kakhulu. Emva kokufakela, kwizicwangciso ze-plugin, khetha i-Memcached njengohlobo lwe-cache, faka i-127.0.0.1 kwiseva, kunye ne-port emiselweyo engu-11211, uze uyigcine.
Ukuba ufuna isisombululo esicocekileyo, ungayifaka ngqo i-plugin ye -Memcached Object Cache , ezinikele kulo msebenzi kwaye ayinayo eminye imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.
Ukuba ndithetha inyani, ekuqaleni bendicinga ukuba indlela yokusebenzisa i-plugin ilungile, kuba kulula. Kodwa kamva ndafumanisa ukuba ezinye ii-plugins ziza neempawu ezininzi endingazidingiyo, kwaye ndisoloko ndixhalabile malunga nohlaziyo, ndisoyika ukuba ngequbuliso ziya kongeza ezinye izinto eziza kuphazamisa uqwalaselo lwam.
Ukhetho 2: Sebenzisa ngesandla i-object-cache.php (ilawuleka ngakumbi)
Ukuba ungumntu othanda ukugqibelela njengam kwaye awufuni ukufaka ii-plugins ezininzi kakhulu, ungasebenzisa esi sisombululo.
Khuphela i-plugin ye -Memcached Object Cache kwi-plugin repository esemthethweni ye-WordPress, okanye ufumane ifayile yamva nje ye-object-cache.php kwi-GitHub. Emva koko, layisha ifayile ye-object-cache.php ekhutshiweyo kwi-directory ye-wp-content yewebhusayithi nganye nge-FTP okanye i-SSH.
Qaphela ukuba luluhlu lweengcambu ze-wp-content, hayi uluhlu lwe-plugins.
Emva kokuba uyifakile, iWordPress iya kuyibona ngokuzenzekelayo ize ivule i-cache. Akufuneki ulungiselele nantoni na, kuba iya kufunda i-WP_CACHE_KEY_SALT oyibeke ngaphambili kwi-wp-config.php.
Bendifuna ukonga ixesha, ngoko ke ndisebenzise esi sisombululo kuba silawuleka. Ukuba kuvela ingxaki, ndiyazi apho ndingazikhangela khona izisombululo, kwaye andizukufunyanwa ndingalindelanga luhlaziyo lwe-plugin oluzenzekelayo.
Qinisekisa ukuba uqwalaselo luyasebenza.
Emva kokuba ugqibile ukulungiselela isampulu, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kufuna ukwazi ukuba iphumelele na, akunjalo?
Eyona ndlela ilula kukujonga imeko yeMemcached. Qhagamshela usebenzisa izixhobo ze-telnet okanye ze-nc.
echo "stats" | nc 127.0.0.1 11211Emva koko uza kubona iqela lezibalo. Nika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kumaxabiso e-`cmd_set` kunye ne-`get_hits`, kwaye uhlaziye iphepha amaxesha ambalwa ukuze ubone ukuba ziyanda na. Ukuba ziyanda, oko kuthetha ukuba i-cache isebenza ngokuchanekileyo.
Enye indlela ecacileyo yokuqinisekisa oku kukuvula zombini iiwebhusayithi ngaxeshanye uze ubone ukuba ziyaphazamisana na. Ukuba iwebhusayithi A ayibonisi umxholo ovela kwiwebhusayithi B, oko kuthetha ukuba isimaphambili siyasebenza.
Ndenze uvavanyo olunzima ngakumbi ngelo xesha. Ndabeka amaxabiso ahlukeneyo e-transient kwiiwebhusayithi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ndaza ndasebenzisa isixhobo se-nc ukubuza ngqo idatha kwi-Memcached. Ndazibona ngokwenene iipere ezimbini ze-key-value ezineziqalo ezahlukeneyo, kungekho kudideka konke konke.
Ngelo xesha, ndaziva ngathi ndifeze into enkulu, kwaye ukucinga ngayo nje kundenza ndizive ndimhle kakhulu.
Musa ukuyityeshela imiba yokhuseleko
Ekubeni zonke iiwebhusayithi zabelana nge-Memcached instance enye, kukho umngcipheko wokhuseleko ekufuneka uwuqaphele.
Ngokwethiyori, ukuba abanye abasebenzisi bakwiseva, banokufunda idatha yakho egciniweyo ngezibuko lendawo. Nangona oku kufuna inqanaba elithile lobuchwephesha, kusoloko kububulumko ukuba uqaphele.
Ngoko ke, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba inkonzo yakho yeMemcached ayimameli kwaphela iidilesi ze-IP zikawonkewonke . Qinisekisa ukuba lo mgca ukho kwifayile yoqwalaselo lwe-`/etc/memcached.conf`.
-l 127.0.0.1Ngale ndlela, iMemcached iza kumamela kuphela idilesi ye-loopback yasekuhlaleni kwaye ayizukufumaneka ngaphandle.
Ukuba uneemfuno zokhuseleko eziphezulu kakhulu, okanye ukuba iseva yakho ibamba iiwebhusayithi ezingakhululekanga ngabanye abasebenzisi, ndicebisa ukuba ucinge ngokusebenzisa iRedis endaweni yeMemcached. IRedis ixhasa ukwahlulwa kwedatabase ezininzi kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwegama lokugqitha, okwenza ikhuseleke ngakumbi.
Nangona kunjalo, iRedis inzima ukuyicwangcisa kuneMemcached. Ukuba uyisebenzisela iinjongo zobuqu okanye zeqela elincinci, iMemcached enomda wokumamela we-127.0.0.1 yanele.
Eminye imigibe edibene nayo
Okokugqibela, mandikwabelane ngemigibe embalwa endidibene nayo, ndinethemba lokukunceda uphephe ezinye iindlela eziphambukayo.
Qinisekisa ukuba inguqulelo yakho yesandiso se-PHP iyahambelana . Ngaphambili ndidibene nemeko apho ndifake isandiso se-php-memcached, kodwa i-WordPress ayizange iyibone. Kamva ndafumanisa ukuba kungenxa yokungafani kwenguqulelo ye-PHP. Qiniseka ukuba uyijonga ngononophelo inguqulelo yakho ye-PHP xa ufaka izandiso ukuze uphephe ukufaka esingalunganga.
Qinisekisa ukuba uyifumana indlela eya kwifayile ye-object-cache.php ngokuchanekileyo . Kufuneka ibekwe kwi-root directory ye-wp-content, hayi kwi-plugins directory. Umhlobo wam wayibeka kwindawo engalunganga waza wachitha ixesha elide ezama ukuyilungisa kodwa akaphumelelanga.
Musa ukusebenzisa imitya emifutshane kwisiqalo se-cache yakho . Ekuqaleni ndisebenzise imitya efana no-a_ kunye no-b_, kodwa ndifumanise ukuba imitya mifutshane kakhulu kwaye ingqubana lula nezitshixo ze-cache ezenziwe yiWordPress. Sebenzisa ubuncinane umtya ongacwangciswanga oneempawu ezisixhenxe okanye ezisibhozo okanye isifinyezo sedomeyini.
Xa ucoca i-cache, khumbula ukuyicoca i-cache kuzo zombini iiwebhusayithi . Ngesinye isihlandlo, ndiyicocile i-cache yewebhusayithi enye kuphela, kodwa enye iwebhusayithi yayisagcina idatha endala, nto leyo eyabangela ukungangqinelani phakathi kwezi webhusayithi zimbini. Kwandithatha ixesha elide ukufumanisa ingxaki.
Inyaniso kukuba, andazi ukuba la mava aza kuba luncedo na kuye wonke umntu, kodwa ndiwabelane ngawo ngaphandle kokuthandabuza.
Bhala ekugqibeleni
Ukucwangcisa iMemcached kwiindawo ezininzi akunzima kakhulu; ingxaki ephambili kukucwangcisa isiqalo se-cache. Nangona kunjalo, ingxaki ikwiinkcukacha. Iingxaki zokuthelekisa iinguqulelo, iindlela zeefayile, kunye noqwalaselo lokhuseleko zinokubangela ingxaki enkulu.
Ndisebenzise le ndlela phantse unyaka ngoku, ndisebenzisa iiwebhusayithi ezintathu zeWordPress, kwaye okwangoku andikaze ndidibane neengxaki ezinkulu. Ukuba wenza into efanayo, ungazama.
Ngendlela, ukuba unezisombululo ezingcono okanye ukhe wadibana nazo naziphi na iingxaki ezinomdla, zive ukhululekile ukushiya uluvo kwaye wabelane ngazo. Ndingathanda ukufunda kuwe.
Kaloku, okukhona abantu besazi ngale nto, kokukhona bembalwa abantu abaya kuwela emgibeni, akunjalo?
Ekubeni sele uyifundile le ncwadi, ukuba uyifumene iluncedo, nceda uyithande kwaye uyibelane ngayo. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana uhlaziyo kuqala, ungandilandela!
Enkosi ngokufunda inqaku lam. Siza kubonana kwixesha elizayo.
Ngethemba, inqaku elithi "Ungabelana njani ngeMemcached ngeeWebhusayithi ezininzi zeWordPress kwiSeva enye? Isikhokelo soBuchule bokuQinisekisa ukuthintela iimpazamo eziyi-100%" elabelwe kwibhlog kaChen Weiliang ( https://www.chenweiliang.com/ ) liza kuba luncedo kuwe.
Zive ukhululekile ukwabelana ngekhonkco leli nqaku: https://www.chenweiliang.com/cwl-34368.html