Umyalo oqhubekayo wokusula ilogi ye-journalctl ukuze ubuke incazelo enemininingwane yamapharamitha wokumisa

noma niniEzentengiselwanoukuhlangana komphathi wewebhusayithiMySQL database, i-Apache nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza azikwazi ukuqalwa njengenjwayelo,LinuxIsistimu izokwazisa ukuthi usebenzise journalctl -ex umyalo wokuwubuka.

• Amalogi ahlobene ngokuvamile angatholakala ngokushesha.
• Ngemva kokuhlaziya ilogi ngale ndlela, inkinga ingaxazululwa ngokushesha.

Lisho ukuthini iphephabhuku?

Incazelo eyisisekelo yejenali:

• n. Nsuku zonke, iphephabhuku, idayari, amaphephabhuku, amajenali, omagazini; [accounting] ileja
• Ukwehluka
• amajenali amaningi

Phikelela amalogi wejenali

Ukuphikelela kuyindlela yokuguqula idatha yohlelo phakathi kwezifunda eziphikelelayo nezidlulayo.

Ngokwamagama abantu abavamile, idatha yesikhashana (njengedatha esenkumbulo engakwazi ukugcinwa unomphela), ukuphikelela kuzophikelela kudatha eqhubekayo (njengokuqhubeka kwesizindalwazi, okungagcinwa isikhathi eside).

KWCentOS Ku-7.X, i-systemd ilawula amalogi okuqalisa awo wonke amayunithi.

• I-Systemd-journald iyisevisi yokuphatha ijenali eqhubekayo ephethwe yi-systemd.
• Iqoqa amalogi kusuka ku-kernel futhi ama-daemon esistimu ayasebenza futhi ayasebenza phakathi nesigaba sokuqala sokuqalisa sesistimu.
• Okuphumayo okujwayelekile kanye nemilayezo yephutha, kanye namalogi we-syslog.

indlela ye-journalctl log

Isevisi yelogi igcina kuphela amafayela elogi esakhiweni esisodwa.

Okulandelayo uhlelo lwe-CentOS 7 VestaCPIphaneli yokulawula, gcina indlela yelogi ye-journalctl ▼

/var/log/journal

• Ngoba izingodo zicindezelwe futhi zifomethwe idatha kanambambili, lapho ubuka futhiUkubekangokushesha.

i-journalctl buka umyalo welogi

Yala ngaphandle kwezinketho zokwenza i-journalctl ikhiphe konke ukugawula ▼

journalctl

• Empeleni akusizi ngoba uvele “ukhungatheke” ngokugawulwa kwemithi okuzokukhungatha.

Okulandelayo, sizofunda ukuthi singahlunga kanjani ngempumelelo ulwazi lwelogi olubalulekile.

Buka isikhathi esibekiweiphephandabaLog

Sebenzisa le miyalelo elandelayo ukuze usethe isikhathi ▼

--since
--until

• Inkathi yesikhathi inesibopho sokucacisa amarekhodi elogi ngaphambi nangemva kwesikhathi esinikeziwe.

Amanani esikhathi angaba ngamafomethi ahlukahlukene, njengalawa alandelayo ▼

YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS

如果你想检查在2018年3月8日晚上8点20分之后日志，请输入以下命令 ▼

journalctl --since "2018-03-26 20:20:00"

• Uma ezinye izingxenye zefomethi engenhla zingagcwaliswanga, isistimu izogcwalisa ngokuqondile amanani azenzakalelayo.
• Isibonelo, uma ingxenye yedethi ingagcwalisiwe, idethi yamanje iboniswa ngokuqondile.
• Uma ingxenye yesikhathi ingagcwalisiwe, "00:00:00" (phakathi kwamabili) isetshenziswa ngokuzenzakalelayo.
• Inkambu yamasekhondi nayo ingashiywa ingenalutho.

Inani elizenzakalelayo lithi "00", isibonelo umyalo olandelayo ▼

journalctl --since "2018-03-26" --until "2018-03-26 03:00"

Ukwengeza, i-journalctl iyawaqonda amanani ahlobene futhi aqanjwe ama-shorthands.

• Isibonelo, ungasebenzisa "izolo", "namuhla", "kusasa" noma "manje".

Isibonelo, ukuze uthole idatha yelogi yayizolo, ungasebenzisa umyalo olandelayo ▼

journalctl --since yesterday

Ukuze uthole izingodo kusukela ngo-9:00am kuya ehoreni lokugcina, ungasebenzisa umyalo olandelayo ▼

journalctl --since 09:00 --until "1 hour ago"

Isibuyekezo sesikhathi sangempela buka log journalctl

nge taiUmyalo we-l -f uyafana, i-journalctl isekela -f inketho yokubonisa izingodo ngesikhathi sangempela ▼

journalctl -f

Uma ufuna ukubuka ilogi yesikhathi sangempela yedivayisi, sicela wengeze inketho -u ▼

$ sudo journalctl -f -u prometheus.service

Bonisa kuphela imigqa engu-n emisha ku-journalctl

izinketho zomugqa womyalo -n Isetshenziselwa ukulawula imigqa yakamuva n yelogi.

Okuzenzakalelayo ukubonisa imigqa yakamuva eyi-10 yamalogi ekugcineni ▼

$ sudo journalctl -n

Ungaphinda ubonise ilogi enenombolo ethile yemigqa ekugcineni ▼

$ sudo journalctl -n 20

Okulandelayo ilogu yakamuva enemigqa emithathu ebonisa isevisi ye-cron.service ▼

$ journalctl -u cron.service -n 3

UbeI-Internet MarketingAbantu basebenzisa i-VPSyakha iwebhusayithi, faka iphaneli yokulawula ye-VestaCP, yakhaWordPressiwebhusayithi.

sebenzisa njalo df -h Yala ukuhlola umthamo wediski ye-VPS futhi uthole ukuthi ikhuphuka ngomkhuba we-1GB ngenyanga (khumbula ukuthi bekuyi-1GB ngenyanga edlule)

[root@ten ~]# df -h

Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/simfs       20G  7.5G   13G  38% /

devtmpfs        256M     0  256M   0% /dev

tmpfs           256M     0  256M   0% /dev/shm

tmpfs           256M  244K  256M   1% /run

tmpfs           256M     0  256M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

tmpfs            52M     0   52M   0% /run/user/0

Buka amalogi e-journalctl usebenzisa umyalo womthamo

Hlola ilogi yejenali yamanje usebenzisa umyalo womthamo wediski ▼

journalctl --disk-usage

i-journalctl ilogi yokususa engenalutho

Njengoba i-Linux iyisistimu yokusebenza ebucayi kakhulu, kulula ukubangela ukuphahlazeka kwesistimu uma ususa amafayela ngokungalungile.

Ngakho-ke, ukuze uhlanze ilogi yejenali, sicela uyisuse ngosuku kanye nomthamo ovunyelwe ukuthi ubekelwe.

journalctl --vacuum-time=2d
journalctl --vacuum-size=500M

Uma ufuna ukususa amafayela okungena ngesandla, udinga ukuzungezisa (uzungezise) ilogi ngaphambi kokuyisusa.

systemctl kill --kill-who=main --signal=SIGUSR2 systemd-journald.service

i-journalctl ilungiselela umthamo oqhubekayo

Ukuze unike amandla ukucushwa komkhawulo wokuphikelela, ungashintsha ifayela lokumisa le-journal ▼

/etc/systemd/journald.conf

SystemMaxUse=16M

ForwardToSyslog=no

Bese, qala kabusha ijenali ▼

systemctl restart systemd-journald.service

Ingabe irekhodi lokuhlola lilungile?Ingabe amafayela okungena aphelele futhi awalimalanga? ▼

journalctl --verify

Okulandelayo umthamo wediski ye-VPS ngemva kokuhlanza ilogi yejenali, kanye nomthamo welogi ye-journalctl▼

[root@ten /]# df -h

Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/simfs       20G  5.7G   15G  29% /

devtmpfs        256M     0  256M   0% /dev

tmpfs           256M     0  256M   0% /dev/shm

tmpfs           256M  308K  256M   1% /run

tmpfs           256M     0  256M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

tmpfs            52M     0   52M   0% /run/user/0

[root@ten /]# journalctl --disk-usage

Archived and active journals take up 24.0M on disk.

Incazelo enemininingwane ye-persistent journalctl log, lesi isiphetho ^_^