Lithini igama eliphelele le-Redis RDB? Imodi yokusebenza kwedatha ye-Redis ye-RDB yokuphikelela

Igama eliphelele le-RDB lithiRedis database,

• Njengoba igama liphakamisa, i-RDB iyisizindalwazi se-Redis esisetshenziselwa ukugcina idatha.
• Ngakho-ke, ngokuphikelela kwe-RDB, idatha egcinwe kumemori ye-Redis ibhalwa kufayela le-RDB futhi igcinwe kudiski ukuze kuzuzwe ukuphikelela.
• Isici se-Redis ukuthi singaphikelela idatha, okungukuthi, bhala idatha kwimemori kudiski ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi akukho datha elahlekile, futhi ingalayisha idatha kusuka kudiski ibe yinkumbulo.

Ukusebenza kwe-Redis ekuqaleni konke kusekelwe kumemori, ngakho-ke ukusebenza kuphezulu kakhulu, kodwa uma uhlelo seluvaliwe, idatha iyalahleka.

Ngakho-ke, sidinga ukubhala idatha yememori kudiski ngezikhathi ezithile, okuyi-Snapshot ku-jargon.

Lapho ubuyisela, ifayela lesifinyezo libhalwa ngqo kumemori.

Lona futhi omunye umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-Redis ne-Memcached, ngoba i-Memcached ayinakho ukuphikelela.

Ngokuqhubekayo kwedatha yememori ye-Redis, i-Redis isinikeza izindlela ezilandelayo:

• Indlela ye-Snapshot (RDB, Redis DataBase): bhala idatha yememori kudiski ngendlela kanambambili ngesikhathi esithile;
• Faka Ifayela Kuphela (AOF, Faka Kuphela Ifayela), rekhoda yonke imiyalo yokusebenza, futhi uhlanganise nefayela ngefomu lombhalo;
• Ukuphikelela kwe-Hybrid, indlela entsha ngemuva kwe-Redis 4.0, ukuphikelela kwe-hybrid kuhlanganisa izinzuzo ze-RDB ne-AOF.Lapho ubhala, qala ubhale idatha yamanje ekuqaleni kwefayela ngesimo se-RDB, bese ugcina imiyalo yokusebenza elandelayo efayeleni ngendlela ye-AOF, engakwazi kuphela ukuqinisekisa isivinini sokuqalisa kabusha kwe-Redis, kodwa futhi sinciphise ubungozi bokulahleka kwedatha .

Ngoba uhlelo ngalunye lokuphikelela lunezimo ezithile zokusebenzisa.

Imodi yokusebenza kwedatha ye-Redis ye-RDB yokuphikelela

• I-RDB (i-Redis DataBase) inqubo yokubhala isifinyezo sememori (Isifinyezo) ngesikhathi esithile ukuze kudiski ngendlela kanambambili.
• Izifinyezo zenkumbulo yilokho esikushilo ngenhla.Isho irekhodi lesimo ledatha enkumbulweni ngesikhathi esithile.
• Lokhu kufana nokuthatha isithombe. Uma uthatha isithombe somngane, isithombe singarekhoda ngokushesha zonke izithombe zomngane.
• Kunezindlela ezimbili zokucupha i-RDB: enye icupha ngesandla, kanti enye icupha okuzenzakalelayo.

Qalisa ngokwenza i-RDB

Kunemisebenzi emibili yokucupha ukuphikelela mathupha:saveKanyebgsave,

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo ukuthi ukuvinjwa noma cha ukukhishwa kwentambo eyinhloko ye-Redis.

1. gcina umyalo

Ukusebenzisa umyalo wokulondoloza ohlangothini lweklayenti kuzobangela ukuphikelela kwe-Redis, kodwa futhi kuzokwenza i-Redis ibe sesimweni sokuvimbela. Ngeke iphendule emiyalweni ethunyelwa ngamanye amaklayenti kuze kube yilapho i-RDB iphikelela, ngakho-ke kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha imvelo yokukhiqiza.

127.0.0.1:6379> save
OK
127.0.0.1:6379>

Inqubo yokwenza umyalo iboniswa esithombeni 

2. bgsave umyalo

• I-bgsave (ukugcina ingemuva) igcina ingemuva.
• Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwayo nomyalo wokulondoloza ukuthi i-bgsave izofokha inqubo yengane ukuze yenze ukuphikelela.
• Yonke le nqubo yenzeka kuphela lapho inqubo yengane iyimfoloko.Kukhona ukuvinjwa okufushane kuphela.
• Ngemva kokudalwa kwenqubo yengane, inqubo eyinhloko ye-Redis ingaphendula izicelo ezivela kwamanye amaklayenti.

ngokuvimbela yonke inqubosaveuma kuqhathaniswa nomyalobgsaveUmyalo ngokusobala ufaneleka kakhulu ukuba siwusebenzise.

127.0.0.1:6379> bgsave
Background Saving started # 提示开始后台保存 
127.0.0.1:6379>

Qalisa ngokuzenzakalelayo i-RDB

Ngemva kokukhuluma ngokucupha okwenziwa ngesandla, ake sibheke ukucupha okuzenzakalelayo.Singamisa izimo zokucupha okuzenzakalelayo kufayela lokumisa.

1. sindisa mn

• u-save mn kusho ukuthi phakathi kwamasekhondi angu-m, uma u-n okhiye beshintsha, ukuphikelela kucushwa ngokuzenzakalelayo.Amapharamitha m kanye no-n angatholakala kufayela lokumisa le-Redis.
• Isibonelo, ukonga u-60 1 kusho ukuthi phakathi kwamasekhondi angu-60, inqobo nje uma ukhiye oyedwa eshintsha, ukuphikelela kwe-RDB kuzoqaliswa.
• Ingqikithi yokuphikelela kokuzenzakalela ukuthi uma izimo ze-trigger emisiwe zihlangatshezwana nazo, i-Redis izokwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo umyalo we-bgsave kanye.

Qaphela: Uma imiyalo eminingi yokulondoloza i-mn isethiwe, noma isiphi isimo esisodwa sizobangela ukuphikelela.

Isibonelo, sibeka imiyalo emibili elandelayo yokulondoloza mn:

save 60 10
save 600 20

• Uma inani lokhiye we-Redis lishintsha izikhathi ezingu-60 phakathi kwama-10s, ukuphikelela kuzoqaliswa;
• Uma ukhiye we-Redis ushintsha phakathi kwama-60s, futhi uma inani lishintsha izikhathi ezingaphansi kwezingu-10, i-Redis izonquma ukuthi ukhiye we-Redis ushintshiwe yini okungenani izikhathi ezingu-600 phakathi kwama-20s, futhi uma kunjalo, qalisa ukuphikelela.

2. Flushall

• Umyalo we-flushall usetshenziselwa ukususa isizindalwazi se-Redis.
• Kumele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha endaweni yokukhiqiza.
• Uma i-Redis ikhipha umyalo we-flushall, ibangela ukuphikelela okuzenzakalelayo futhi isula ifayela le-RDB.

3. Ingcuphe yokuvumelanisa yesigqila

Ku-Redis master-slave replication, lapho inodi yesigqila yenza umsebenzi wokuphindaphinda ogcwele, inodi eyinhloko izosebenzisa umyalo we-bgsave ukuthumela ifayela le-RDB endaweni yesigqila. Le nqubo icupha ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuphikelela kwe-Redis.

I-Redis ingabuza ngemingcele yamanje yokucushwa ngemiyalo.

Ifomethi yomyalelo wombuzo ithi:config get xxx

Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukuthola ukulungiselelwa kwegama lesitoreji sefayela le-RDB, ungasebenzisa config get dbfilename ,

Umthelela wokwenza umi kanje:

127.0.0.1:6379> config get dbfilename
1) "dbfilename"
2) "dump.rdb"

Njengoba iseva ye-Redis izovimba lapho ilayisha ifayela le-RDB kuze kuqedwe ukulayisha, kungase kubangele isikhathi eside futhi iwebhusayithi ingafinyeleleki.

Uma ufuna ukususa ngesandla inqolobane yefayela le-RDB dump.rdb ye-Redis, ungasebenzisa umyalo olandelayo ukuze uthole indlela yokugcina ifayela le-dump.rdb▼

find / -name dump.rdb

• Bese, ususe ngesandla ifayela lenqolobane ye-dump.rdb nge-SSH.

I-Redis isetha ukucushwa kwe-RDB

Mayelana nokusetha ukucushwa kwe-RDB, ungasebenzisa izindlela ezimbili ezilandelayo:

1. Guqula ngokuzenzakalelayo ifayela lokumisa le-Redis
2. Sebenzisa izilungiselelo zomugqa womyalo, config set dir "/usr/data" umyalo wokugcina ukuze ulungise ifayela le-RDB

Qaphela: Ukucushwa ku-redis.conf kungatholwa nge-config get xxx futhi kulungiswe nge-config set xxx value, futhi indlela yokulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ifayela lokucushwa kwe-Redis isebenza emhlabeni wonke, okungukuthi, amapharamitha asethwe ngokuqalisa kabusha iseva ye-Redis ngeke ilahleke, kodwa ilungiswe kusetshenziswa umyalo , izolahleka ngemva kokuthi i-Redis iqale kabusha.

Kodwa-ke, uma ufuna ukulungisa ngesandla ifayela lokumisa le-Redis ukuze lisebenze ngokushesha, udinga ukuqala kabusha iseva ye-Redis, futhi indlela yomyalo ayidingi ukuqalisa kabusha iseva ye-Redis.

Ukutholwa kwefayela le-RDB

Lapho iseva ye-Redis iqala, uma ifayela le-RDB elithi dump.rdb likhona kumkhombandlela wempande we-Redis, i-Redis izolayisha ngokuzenzakalelayo ifayela le-RDB ukuze ibuyisele idatha eqhubekayo.

Uma lingekho ifayela le-dump.rdb kumkhombandlela wezimpande, sicela ususe ifayela le-dump.rdb kumkhombandlela wezimpande we-Redis kuqala.

Yiqiniso, kukhona ulwazi lwelogi lapho i-Redis iqala, ezobonisa ukuthi ifayela le-RDB lilayishiwe yini.

Iseva ye-Redis iyavimba ngenkathi ilayisha ifayela le-RDB kuze kuqedwe ukulayisha.

Manje siyazi ukuthi ukuphikelela kwe-RDB kuhlukaniswe ngezindlela ezimbili: ukucupha okwenziwa ngesandla kanye nokucupha okuzenzakalelayo:

1. Inzuzo yayo ukuthi ifayela lokugcina lincane futhi ukubuyiswa kwedatha kuyashesha lapho i-Redis iqalwa.
2. Okubi ukuthi kukhona ubungozi bokulahleka kwedatha.

Ukutholwa kwamafayela e-RDB nakho kulula kakhulu. Vele ubeke amafayela e-RDB kumkhombandlela wezimpande we-Redis, futhi i-Redis izolayisha futhi ibuyisele idatha ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho iqala.

Izinzuzo nezingozi ze-RDB

1) Izinzuzo ze-RDB

Okuqukethwe kwe-RDB kuyidatha kanambambili, ithatha inkumbulo encane, ihlangene kakhulu, futhi ifaneleka kakhulu njengefayela eliyisipele;

I-RDB iwusizo kakhulu ekubuyiseleni inhlekelele, iyifayela elicindezelwe elingadluliselwa kuseva ekude ngokushesha ukuze kutholakale isevisi ye-Redis;

I-RDB ingathuthukisa kakhulu ijubane le-Redis, ngoba inqubo eyinhloko ye-Redis izofokha inqubo yengane ukuze iqhubeke nedatha kudiski.

Inqubo eyinhloko ye-Redis ayenzi imisebenzi efana nediski I/O;

Uma kuqhathaniswa namafayela efomethi ye-AOF, amafayela e-RDB aqala kabusha ngokushesha.

2) Ukungalungi kwe-RDB

Ngenxa yokuthi i-RDB ingakwazi ukulondoloza idatha kuphela ngesikhathi esithile, uma isevisi ye-Redis inqanyulwa ngephutha phakathi nendawo, idatha ye-Redis izolahleka isikhathi esithile;

Inqubo lapho i-RDB idinga amafoloko avamile ukuyigcina kudiski usebenzisa i-subentry.

Uma isethi yedatha inkulu, imfoloko ingadla isikhathi, futhi uma idathasethi inkulu, ukusebenza kwe-CPU kubi, okungabangela i-Redis ukuthi ingakwazi ukunikeza amaklayenti ama-millisecond ambalwa noma isekhondi.

Vele, singaphinda sikhubaze ukuphikelela ukuze sithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwe-Redis.

Uma ungazweli ekulahlekeni kwedatha, ungakwenza lokhu lapho iklayenti lixhuma config set save "" Yala ukuze ukhubaze ukuphikelela kwe-Redis.

KWredis.conf, uma kusavePhawula konke ukulungiselelwa ekuqaleni, futhi ukuphikelela nakho kuzokhutshazwa, kodwa lokhu ngokuvamile akwenziwa.