Pehea e hoʻokele ai i ka waihona MySQL? Nā kauoha SSH e hoʻokele i nā kikowaena MySQL

pehea e hooponopono aiMySQL waihona? SSH hooponopono kauohaMySQLkikowaena pūnaewele

MySQL Hoʻokele ʻana

E hoʻomaka a hoʻopau i ka server MySQL

ʻO ka mea mua, pono mākou e nānā inā paʻa ka server MySQL ma ka holo ʻana i kēia kauoha:

ps -ef | grep mysqld

Inā hoʻomaka mua ʻo MySql, e hoʻopuka ke kauoha i luna i kahi papa inoa o nā kaʻina mysql, inā ʻaʻole i hoʻomaka ʻia ka mysql, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kēia kauoha e hoʻomaka ai i ka server mysql:

root@host# cd /usr/bin
./mysqld_safe &

Inā makemake ʻoe e pani i ka server MySQL e holo nei, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokō i kēia kauoha:

root@host# cd /usr/bin
./mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown
Enter password: ******

Nā hoʻonohonoho mea hoʻohana MySQL

Inā pono ʻoe e hoʻohui i kahi mea hoʻohana MySQL, pono ʻoe e hoʻohui i ka mea hoʻohana hou i ka papa hoʻohana ma ka waihona mysql.

Eia kekahi laʻana o ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi mea hoʻohana, he malihini ka inoa mea hoʻohana, guest123 ka ʻōlelo huna, a ua ʻae ʻia ka mea hoʻohana e hana i nā hana SELECT, INSERT a me UPDATE.

root@host# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:*******
mysql> use mysql;
Database changed

mysql> INSERT INTO user 
          (host, user, password, 
           select_priv, insert_priv, update_priv) 
           VALUES ('localhost', 'guest', 
           PASSWORD('guest123'), 'Y', 'Y', 'Y');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.20 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT host, user, password FROM user WHERE user = 'guest';
+-----------+---------+------------------+
| host      | user    | password         |
+-----------+---------+------------------+
| localhost | guest | 6f8c114b58f2ce9e |
+-----------+---------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

I ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hoʻohana, e ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomaopopo ua hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻōlelo huna me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana PASSWORD () i hāʻawi ʻia e MySQL.Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike ma ka laʻana ma luna nei ka ʻōlelo huna mea hoʻohana i hoʻopili ʻia: 6f8c114b58f2ce9e.

Kākau:Ma MySQL 5.7, ua pani ʻia ka ʻōlelo huna o ka papa hoʻohana ekaula_authentication.

Kākau:E hoʻomaopopo i ka pono e hoʻokō NA PONO HANA ʻōlelo.Ma hope o ka hoʻokō ʻia ʻana o kēia kauoha, e hoʻouka hou ʻia ka papa hāʻawi.

Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻohana i kēia kauoha, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka mea hoʻohana hou e hoʻopili ai i ka server mysql ke ʻole ʻoe e hoʻomaka hou i ka server mysql.

I ka hana ʻana i mea hoʻohana, hiki iā ʻoe ke kuhikuhi i nā ʻae no ka mea hoʻohana. Ma ke kolamu ʻae pili, e hoʻonoho iā 'Y' ma ka ʻōlelo hoʻokomo. ʻO ka papa inoa o nā ʻae mea hoʻohana penei:

• Select_priv
• Insert_priv
• Update_priv
• Holoi_priv
• Create_priv
• drop_priv
• Reload_priv
• shutdown_priv
• Kaʻina_priv
• File_priv
• Hāʻawi_priv
• References_priv
• Index_priv
• Alter_priv

ʻO kekahi ala e hoʻohui ai i nā mea hoʻohana ma o ke kauoha GRANT o SQL. ʻO ke kauoha aʻe e hoʻohui i ka mea hoʻohana iā zara i ka waihona TUTORIALS i kuhikuhi ʻia, a ʻo ka ʻōlelo huna ʻo zara123.

root@host# mysql -u root -p password;
Enter password:*******
mysql> use mysql;
Database changed

mysql> GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,CREATE,DROP
    -> ON TUTORIALS.*
    -> TO 'zara'@'localhost'
    -> IDENTIFIED BY 'zara123';

ʻO ke kauoha i luna e hana i kahi moʻolelo ʻike mea hoʻohana ma ka papa hoʻohana ma ka waihona mysql.

Hoʻolaha: Hoʻopau ʻia nā ʻōlelo MySQL SQL me kahi semicolon (;).

/etc/my.cnf hoʻonohonoho waihona

Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i ka faila hoʻonohonoho, ʻo ka hoʻonohonoho paʻamau o ka faila penei:

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql.server]
user=mysql
basedir=/var/lib

[safe_mysqld]
err-log=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Ma ka waihona hoʻonohonoho, hiki iā ʻoe ke kuhikuhi i ka papa kuhikuhi kahi i mālama ʻia ai nā faila log hewa ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i kēia mau hoʻonohonoho.

Nā kauoha e hoʻokele i ka MySQL

ʻO kēia ka papa inoa o nā kauoha i hoʻohana mau ʻia i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waihona Mysql:

• Mālama inoa waihona ʻikepili :
  E koho i ka waihona Mysql e hoʻohana ʻia. Ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia kauoha, ʻo nā kauoha Mysql āpau wale nō no kēia waihona.

  mysql> use chenweiliang;
  Database changed

• Hōʻike i nā waihona: 
  Ke papa inoa nei i ka papa inoa o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele waihona MySQL.

  mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
  +--------------------+
  | Database           |
  +--------------------+
  | information_schema |
  | chenweiliang             |
  | cdcol              |
  | mysql              |
  | onethink           |
  | performance_schema |
  | phpmyadmin         |
  | test               |
  | wecenter           |
  | wordpress          |
  +--------------------+
  10 rows in set (0.02 sec)

• HOIKE I NA PAPA:
  Hōʻike i nā papa a pau o ka waihona i ʻōlelo ʻia. Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia kauoha, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i ke kauoha hoʻohana e koho i ka waihona e hoʻohana ʻia.

  mysql> use chenweiliang;
  Database changed
  mysql> SHOW TABLES;
  +------------------+
  | Tables_in_chenweiliang |
  +------------------+
  | employee_tbl     |
  | chenweiliang_tbl       |
  | tcount_tbl       |
  +------------------+
  3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

• HOIKE I NA KOLUMA MAI pepa ʻikepili:
  Hōʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona papa ʻikepili, nā ʻano ʻano, nā ʻike kī nui, inā paha ʻo NULL, nā waiwai paʻamau a me nā ʻike ʻē aʻe.

  mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM chenweiliang_tbl;
  +-----------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  | Field           | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
  +-----------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  | chenweiliang_id       | int(11)      | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
  | chenweiliang_title    | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
  | chenweiliang_author   | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
  | submission_date | date         | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
  +-----------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

• E HOIKE MAI pepa ʻikepili:
  Hōʻike i ka ʻike kikoʻī kikoʻī o ka papa ʻikepili, me PRIMARY KEY (key primary).

  mysql> SHOW INDEX FROM chenweiliang_tbl;
  +------------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
  | Table      | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | Index_comment |
  +------------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
  | chenweiliang_tbl |          0 | PRIMARY  |            1 | chenweiliang_id   | A         |           2 |     NULL | NULL   |      | BTREE      |         |               |
  +------------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
  1 row in set (0.00 sec)

• E HOIKE I KE KULANA PAPA E like me [FROM db_name] [LIKE 'pattern'] \G:
  Na kēia kauoha e hoʻopuka i ka hana a me nā helu o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele waihona Mysql.

  mysql> SHOW TABLE STATUS  FROM chenweiliang;   # 显示数据库 chenweiliang 中所有表的信息
  
  mysql> SHOW TABLE STATUS from chenweiliang LIKE 'chenweiliang%';     # 表名以chenweiliang开头的表的信息
  mysql> SHOW TABLE STATUS from chenweiliang LIKE 'chenweiliang%'\G;   # 加上 \G，查询结果按列打印