Qhov txawv ntawm CentOS6.5 thiab 7 yog dab tsi?Yuav ua li cas xaiv CentOS7 version?

CentOS Qhov sib txawv loj tshaj plaws ntawm 7 thiab 6 yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem pib.

• Lub tshuab pib siv los ntawm CentOS 7 yog Systemd.
• Tsis tas li ntawd, kev pabcuam pib, khau raj pib cov ntaub ntawv, cov lus txib hauv network, thiab lwm yam, txhua tus qhia qhov txawv ntawm 6.

Cia peb nkag siab ua ntej Linux Kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov system CentOS pib thev naus laus zis!

XNUMX. System pib tshuab

1. Siv Technology
2. Upstart Technology
3. Systemd technology

Siv Technology

tus yam ntxwv:

• 1) Thawj txheej txheem ntawm qhov system yog init;
• 2) Cov txheej txheem init yog cov txheej txheem niam txiv ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem thiab tsis tuaj yeem raug tua (tua);
• 3) Feem ntau Linux faib init systems tau sib xws nrog SystemV, hu ua sysvinti
• 4) Tus neeg sawv cev system: CentOS 5 CentOS 6

Hom tau tsam:

• Sysvinit ua haujlwm zoo thiab lub tswv yim yooj yim thiab meej.
• Nws feem ntau yog nyob ntawm lub plhaub scripting.

Tsis muaj zog:

• 1) Ua raws li kev txiav txim tshwj xeeb -> Pib pib qeeb dhau.
• 2) Yooj yim heev rau dai, fstab thiab NFS mount teeb meem.

Upstart Technology

CentOS 6 siv SysVinit es tsis txhob siv tshuab khau raj rau khau raj.

Upstart's rc.sysinit tsab ntawv muaj ntau qhov kev ua kom zoo kom txo tau lub sijhawm pib pib pib.

Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau ua kom yooj yim rau cov thawj coj, CentOS 6 tsis tau hais txog lossis txhawb nqa ntau yam tshiab.

Cov neeg sawv cev system:CentOS 6, Ubuntu 14.

• systemd yog siv txij li CentOS 7, Ubuntu15.

Systemd technology

Cov cuab yeej siv hauv cov tshuab tshiab (RedHat7, CentOS 7, Ubuntu15, thiab lwm yam)

• Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim yog los daws cov kev tsis txaus siab ntawm sysvinit thiab txhim kho qhov system pib ceev;
• Tau tshaj Sysvinit, txo cov nqi hloov tsheb;

Lub ntsiab zoo:

1. pib parallel
2. Cov txheej txheem kev siv PID 1

XNUMX. Optimization ntawm yum qhov chaw

Hauv CentOS 6, lub neej ntawd yog rub tawm pob khoom rpm los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raug cai.

• CentOS 7 tau ua kom zoo ntawm no vim qhov qeeb ntawm kev siv cov peev txheej txawv teb chaws.
• thaum peb siv nruabSoftwareyog tsis downloaded los ntawm lub official lub website los ntawm lub neej ntawd.
• Hloov chaw, nws yuav pom qhov Yum qhov ze tshaj plaws rau nws qhov chaw nyob kom pib rub tawm.

XNUMX. lus txib

Yog tias koj xaiv qhov tsawg (qhov tsawg tshaj plaws) thaum txhim kho lub system, nws yuav raug ntsia rau hauv ib lub pob me dua li yav dhau los versions.Piv txwv li: VIM, siv ifconfig, txoj kev routing, teeb tsa los teeb tsa, netstat, thiab lwm yam.Ntau cov lus txib tau ploj mus.

Tom qab kev teeb tsa qhov system, cov pob hauv qab no tuaj yeem muab ntxiv:

yum install lrzsz tree net-tools nmap vim bash-completion lsof dos2unix nc telnet ntp wget rng-tools psmisc screen -y
#lrzsz
 支持用于上传和下载linux的windowns平台。
 可以在windowns远程连接工具上使用。
#net-tools
 CentOS  7.2.11
 默认没有ifconfig命令。网络工具提供了一些网络命令。
#bash-completion
 自动命令完成工具。
#rng-tools
 生成随机数字池的工具。
 有了这个工具，tomcat启动速度非常快。
#psmisc
 这包含killall命令。
#screen
 创建一个新窗口并将任务置于后台。

Plaub, tus cwj pwm teeb hloov kho

Cwj Pwm Teeb Profile ▼

/etc/locale.conf 

Cov kab hais kom ua nyob rau hauv qhov chaw hauv ib kauj ruam ▼

[root@CentOS 7 ~] # localectl set-locale LANG = zh_CN.UTF-8
[root@CentOS 7 ~] # localectl status
System Locale: LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
VC Keymap: us
X11 Layout: us

XNUMX. Kev tswj xyuas pib

/etc/rc.local 

Cov ntaub ntawv no tseem muaj, tab sis yog tias peb xav siv txoj kev no txuas ntxiv, peb yuav tsum ntxiv kev tso cai rau nws ▼

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

Saib Teem caij ua hauj lwm Status ▼

systemctl status crond.service

Kaw cov haujlwm tau teem tseg ▼

systemctl stop crond.service

Saib qhov ua haujlwm ntawm qhov xwm txheej ▼

systemctl status crond.service

Saib cov kev pabcuam tam sim no ▼

systemctl list-unit-files|grep enable 

Disable Mail Service ▼

systemctl disable postfix.service

Xyuas seb puas muaj kev pabcuam xa ntawv ▼

systemctl list-unit-files|grep postfix

Tua lub firewall ▼

systemctl stop firewalld.service

Pib qhov kev pabcuam ▼

systemctl is-enable

# kaw kev pabcuam ▼

systemctl disable

Pib nrog /etc/rc.d/rc.local/:

/etc/rc.d/rc.local hauv CentOS 7 yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov lus txib hauv qab no los muab kev tso cai ua tiav ▼

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

Six, runlevel (khiav theem)

/etc/inittab yog qhov kev hloov pauv lub hom phiaj tsis raug

• Ib txwm siv tau rau kev nkag mus tom ntej

hloov mus rau 5 ▼

systemctl get-default graphical.target

hloov mus rau 3 ▼

systemctl get-default multi-user.target

Siv tau ib ntus ▼

INIT3

Tsuas yog tsib qhov kev sib tw ▼

[root@centos7 ~]# ls -lh /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel*.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel0.target -> poweroff.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel1.target -> rescue.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel2.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel3.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel4.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 16 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel5.target -> graphical.target 
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel6.target -> reboot.target

Xya, configure yum source code

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

EPEL Official qhov chaw ▼

wget http://dl.fedorMaroject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm