Kedu ihe dị iche n'etiti CentOS6.5 na 7?Kedu maka ịhọrọ ụdị CentOS7?

CentOS Nnukwu ihe dị iche n'etiti 7 na 6 bụ ọdịiche dị na teknụzụ mmalite.

• Teknụzụ mmalite nke CentOS 7 ji bụ Systemd.
• Na mgbakwunye, mmalite ọrụ, faịlụ buut, iwu netwọkụ, wdg niile na-egosi ọdịiche dị na 6.

Ka anyị ghọta ugbu a Linux Mgbanwe nke teknụzụ mmalite CentOS sistemụ!

1. Teknụzụ mmalite sistemụ

1. Teknụzụ Sysvinit
2. Teknụzụ mmalite
3. Teknụzụ sistemu

Sysvinit teknụzụ

njirimara:

• 1) Usoro mbụ nke usoro ahụ bụ init;
• 2) Usoro init bụ usoro nne na nna nke usoro niile na enweghị ike igbu ya;
• 3) Ọtụtụ sistemụ init nkesa Linux dakọtara na SystemV wee kpọọ sysvinti
• 4) Sistemụ nnọchi anya: CentOS 5 CentOS 6

Uru:

• Sysvinit na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na echiche ahụ dị mfe ma doo anya.
• Ọ dabere na edemede shei.

Adịghị ike:

• 1) Mee n'usoro a kapịrị ọnụ -> mmalite adịghị nwayọ.
• 2) Ọ na-adịkarị mfe nghọta, fstab na okwu NFS.

Teknụzụ mmalite

CentOS 6 na-eji SysVinit kama teknụzụ buut iji buut.

Emeziwanye script rc.sysinit nke Upstart nke ukwuu iji belata oge mmalite mmalite sistemụ.

Agbanyeghị, iji mee ka ndụ dịkwuo mfe maka ndị nchịkwa, CentOS 6 anaghị egosipụta ma ọ bụ kwadoo ọtụtụ atụmatụ ọhụrụ.

Sistemụ nnọchi anya:CentOS 6, Ubuntu14.

• systemd dị malite na CentOS 7 na Ubuntu15.

Teknụzụ sistemu

Teknụzụ eji na sistemụ ọhụrụ (RedHat7, CentOS 7, Ubuntu15, wdg)

• Ebumnuche nke imewe bụ iji dozie mmejọ mbụ nke sysvinit ma melite ọsọ mmalite nke usoro;
• Dakọtara na Sysvinit, na-ebelata ụgwọ nnyefe;

Isi uru:

1. Mmalite yiri ya
2. Nhazi usoro site na iji PID 1

2. Optimization nke yum isi iyi

Na CentOS 6, ndabara bụ ibudata ngwugwu rpm site na isi mmalite gọọmentị.

• N'ihi ngwa ngwa nke iji akụrụngwa mba ofesi, CentOS 7 bụ nke kachasị ebe a.
• Mgbe anyị wụnye na-eji软件, anaghịzi ebudata na webụsaịtị gọọmentị na ndabara.
• Kama, ọ ga-achọpụta na akpaghị aka isi iyi Yum kacha nso na mpaghara mpaghara wee malite nbudata.

3. ịtụ

Ọ bụrụ n’ịhọrọ ntakịrị mgbe ị na-etinye sistemụ ahụ, a ga-etinye ya na ngwungwu pere mpe karịa ụdị ndị gara aga. Ọmụmaatụ: VIM, jiri ifconfig, ụzọ ụzọ, paramita ntọala ntọala, netstat, wdg. Ọtụtụ iwu agakwaghị.

Mgbe arụnyere sistemụ ahụ, enwere ike ịgbakwunye ngwugwu ndị a:

yum install lrzsz tree net-tools nmap vim bash-completion lsof dos2unix nc telnet ntp wget rng-tools psmisc screen -y
#lrzsz
 支持用于上传和下载linux的windowns平台。
 可以在windowns远程连接工具上使用。
#net-tools
 CentOS  7.2.11
 默认没有ifconfig命令。网络工具提供了一些网络命令。
#bash-completion
 自动命令完成工具。
#rng-tools
 生成随机数字池的工具。
 有了这个工具，tomcat启动速度非常快。
#psmisc
 这包含killall命令。
#screen
 创建一个新窗口并将任务置于后台。

4. Ngbanwe nke agwa setịpụ

Faịlụ nhazi nhazi agwa ▼

/etc/locale.conf 

Ahịrị iwu ahụ dị naanị otu nzọụkwụ site ▼

[root@CentOS 7 ~] # localectl set-locale LANG = zh_CN.UTF-8
[root@CentOS 7 ~] # localectl status
System Locale: LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
VC Keymap: us
X11 Layout: us

5. Malite njikwa

/etc/rc.local 

Faịlụ a ka dị, mana ọ bụrụ na anyị chọrọ ịga n'ihu na-eji usoro a, anyị kwesịrị itinye ikike na ya ▼

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

Lelee ọkwa ọrụ akwadoro▼

systemctl status crond.service

Mechie ọrụ akwadoro ▼

systemctl stop crond.service

Lelee ọnọdụ ọrụ ▼

systemctl status crond.service

Lelee ọrụ na-agba ugbu a▼

systemctl list-unit-files|grep enable 

Gbanyụọ ọrụ ozi ▼

systemctl disable postfix.service

Lelee ma agbanyere ọrụ ozi ▼

systemctl list-unit-files|grep postfix

Gbanyụọ firewall ▼

systemctl stop firewalld.service

Malite ọrụ▼

systemctl is-enable

# Mechie ọrụ ▼

systemctl disable

Malite na /etc/rc.d/rc.local/:

/etc/rc.d/rc.local na CentOS 7 kwesịrị ime iwu na-esonụ iji nye ikike executable ▼

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

6. runlevel (ọkwa ọsọ)

/etc/inittab bụ ngbanwe ebumnuche sistemụ na-ezighi ezi

• Dị irè mgbe niile maka nbanye ọzọ

Gbanwee na 5 ▼

systemctl get-default graphical.target

Gbanwee na 3 ▼

systemctl get-default multi-user.target

Na-adị irè nwa oge ▼

INIT3

Naanị ọkwa ọsọ ise ▼

[root@centos7 ~]# ls -lh /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel*.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel0.target -> poweroff.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel1.target -> rescue.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel2.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel3.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel4.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 16 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel5.target -> graphical.target 
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel6.target -> reboot.target

7. Hazie yum koodu isi mmalite

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

Isi mmalite EPEL ▼

wget http://dl.fedorMaroject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm