Koleksi perintah tampilan informasi sistem Linux

Linuxprintah tampilan informasi sistem

【sistem】

uname -a
# Ndeleng informasi kernel / OS / CPU

head -n 1 /etc/issue
# Priksa versi sistem operasi

cat /proc/cpuinfo
# Ndeleng informasi CPU

hostname
# Ndeleng jeneng komputer

lspci -tv
# Dhaptar kabeh piranti PCI

lsusb -tv
# Dhaptar kabeh piranti USB

lsmod
# Dhaptar modul kernel sing dimuat

env
# Deleng variabel lingkungan

【sumber daya】

* Dokumentasi: https://help.ubuntu.com/

root@ubuntu-512mb-sfo1-01:~# free -m
total digunakake free sambungan buffer cached
Nomer Telpon: 494 227 266 0 10 185
-/+ buffer/cache: 31 462
Swap: 0 Takon 0 0

root@ubuntu-512mb-sfo1-01:~# grep MemFree /proc/meminfo
Bebas Memori: 272820 kB

free -m
# Deleng panggunaan memori lan panggunaan swap

df -h
# Deleng panggunaan saben partisi

du -sh <目录名>
# Deleng ukuran direktori sing ditemtokake

find . -type f -size +100M
# Temokake file luwih saka 100M

find . -type f -print |wc -l
# Count nomer file ing direktori saiki

grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
# Deleng jumlah total memori

grep MemFree /proc/meminfo
# Priksa jumlah memori gratis

uptime
# Deleng wektu mlaku sistem, jumlah pangguna, beban

cat /proc/loadavg
# Ndeleng beban sistem

【Disk lan Partisi】

mount | column -t
# Deleng status partisi sing dipasang

kode>fdisk -l

# Deleng kabeh partisi

swapon -s
# Deleng kabeh partisi swap

hdparm -i /dev/hda
# Deleng parameter disk (mung kanggo piranti IDE)

dmesg | grep IDE
# Deleng status deteksi piranti IDE nalika wiwitan

【jaringan】

ifconfig
# Deleng properti kabeh antarmuka jaringan

iptables -L
# Deleng setelan firewall

route -n
# Deleng tabel rute

netstat -lntp
# Deleng kabeh port ngrungokake

netstat -antp
# Deleng kabeh sambungan sing diadegake

netstat -s
# Deleng statistik jaringan

【proses】

cat /proc/sys/kernel/threads-max
Deleng jumlah maksimum utas sing diidinake dening sistem

cat /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max
Deleng jumlah maksimum pangolahan sing diidinake dening sistem

ps -ef
# ndeleng kabeh proses

top
#Tampilake status proses ing wektu nyata

ll /proc/PID/fd/
#Yen proses akeh banget CPU, priksa manawa nggunakake printah ll /proc/PID/fd/ kanggo nemokake, yen sampeyan ora nemokake, goleki kaping pirang-pirang

【pangguna】

w
# Deleng pangguna aktif

id <用户名>
# Deleng informasi pangguna sing ditemtokake

last
# Deleng log mlebu pangguna

cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd
# Deleng kabeh pangguna sistem

cut -d: -f1 /etc/group
# Deleng kabeh klompok ing sistem

crontab -l
# Deleng tugas sing dijadwalake pangguna saiki

【Nglayani】

chkconfig --list
# Dhaptar kabeh layanan sistem

chkconfig --list | grep on
# Dhaptar kabeh layanan sistem sing diwiwiti

##【CentOS Pitakonan versi layanan]
Printah pitakon versi layanan CentOS:

1. Priksa versi Linux Kernel
uname -r

2. Priksa versi CentOS
cat /etc/redhat-release

3. Priksa versi PHP
php -v

4. Ndeleng MySQL versi
mysql -v

5. Priksa versi Apache
rpm -qa httpd

6. Ndeleng informasi CPU saiki
cat /proc/cpuinfo

7. Priksa frekuensi cpu saiki
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep MHz

【program】

rpm -qa
# ndeleng kabeh diinstal软件Paket

# Wiwiti maneh printah kanggo layanan umum
service memcached restart

service monit restart
service mysqld restart
service mysql restart
service httpd restart

monit start all

service nginx restart

#restart CWP
service cwpsrv restart

# miwiti maneh memcached
service memcached restart
service memcached start
service memcached stop

#boot miwiti memcached
chkconfig memcached on

Wiwiti maneh httpd supaya kode kasebut bisa ditrapake:
service httpd restart
service httpd start
service httpd stop

chkconfig httpd on

mulihake perintah httpd:
service httpd force-reload
service httpd reload

Nginx restart printah:
/etc/init.d/nginxd restart

service nginxd force-reload
service nginxd reload
service nginxd restart

php-fpm restart printah:
/etc/init.d/php-fpm restart
service php-fpm restart
service php-fpm start

Instal maneh php-fpm:
sudo yum reinstall php-fpm

service mysql restart
service mysqld restart

service mysql stop
service mysqld stop

service mysql start
service mysqld start

Gunakake printah ing ngisor iki kanggo ndeleng panggunaan memori lan proses peringkat panggunaan memori:
free -m
ps -eo pmem,pcpu,rss,vsize,args | sort -k 1 -r | less

MySQL_upgrade nglakokake perintah ing ngisor iki kanggo mriksa lan ndandani tabel lan nganyarke tabel sistem:
mysqlcheck --all-databases --check-upgrade --auto-repair

Nutup printah MySQL:
killall mysqld

Deleng proses mysql:
ps -ef|grep mysqld
watch -n 1 "ps -ef | grep mysql"

pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/centos-cwl.pid

Path file PID saka MYSQL, KLOXO-MR bisa dideleng liwat "proses" panel kontrol:
pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/centos-512mb-sfo1-01.pid
pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/xxxx.pid

utawa printah SSH "ps -ef" kanggo ndeleng kabeh proses:
check process apache with pidfile /usr/local/apache/logs/httpd.pid
check process mysql with pidfile /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Sampeyan bisa nambah baris iki menyang / etc / crontab kanggo miwiti printah saben menit kanggo mriksa status mysql:
* * * * * /sbin/service mysql status || service mysql start

【Komando Monitor】

monitor standar wiwitan, mandheg, miwiti maneh perintah:
/etc/init.d/monit start
/etc/init.d/monit stop
/etc/init.d/monit restart

ngawasiCathetan:
Wiwit monit disetel minangka proses daemon, lan setelan sing diwiwiti karo sistem ditambahake menyang inittab, yen proses monit mandheg, proses init bakal diwiwiti maneh, lan monit ngawasi layanan liyane, tegese layanan monitor monit ora bisa. mandheg nggunakake cara sing biasa, amarga yen mandheg, monit bakal miwiti maneh.

Kanggo mungkasi layanan sing dipantau dening monit, prentah kaya jeneng mandeg monit kudu digunakake, umpamane kanggo mungkasi Tomcat:
monit stop tomcat

Kanggo mungkasi kabeh layanan sing dipantau kanthi nggunakake monit:
monit stop all

Kanggo miwiti layanan sampeyan bisa nggunakake printah monit stop jeneng,

Kanggo miwiti kabeh yaiku:
monit start all

Setel monit kanggo miwiti sistem lan tambahake ing mburi file /etc/inittab
# Run monit ing standar run-level
mo:2345:respawn:/usr/local/bin/monit -Ic /etc/monitrc

Mbusak instalan monit:
yum remove monit

【Ngunduh lan dekompresi】

下载 wordpress Versi paling anyar saka
wget http://zh.wordpress.org/latest-zh_CN.tar.gz

unzip
tar zxvf latest-zh_CN.tar.gz

Pindhah file ing folder wordpress (path absolut) menyang lokasi direktori saiki
mv wordpress/* .

Pindhah direktori / cgi-bin menyang direktori saiki
$mv wwwroot/cgi-bin .

Nyalin kabeh file ing direktori saiki menyang direktori sadurunge
cp -rpf -f * ../

Kepiye cara mungkasi / miwiti maneh / miwiti layanan redis?
Yen sampeyan nginstal redis kanthi apt-get utawa yum install, sampeyan bisa mungkasi / miwiti / miwiti maneh redis langsung nganggo printah ing ngisor iki
/etc/init.d/redis-server stop
/etc/init.d/redis-server start
/etc/init.d/redis-server restart
/etc/init.d/redis restart

Yen sampeyan nginstal redis saka kode sumber, sampeyan bisa miwiti maneh redis liwat perintah mateni redis-cli, program klien redis:
redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 shutdown

Yen ora ana cara ing ndhuwur sing bisa mungkasi redis, sampeyan bisa nggunakake senjata utama:
kill -9

[Deleng printah lokasi file]

Deleng ing ngendi file konfigurasi PHP diselehake:
Gunakake phpinfo kanggo ndeleng manawa fungsi kasebut dilarang, eksekusi ing ngisor cangkang
php -v / -name php.ini
或者
find / -name php.ini

Umumé, nalika linux dipasang minimal, wget ora bakal diinstal kanthi standar.
yum nginstal
yum -y install wget

Nganyarke otomatis sistem mlaku lan yum dikunci.
Sampeyan bisa meksa proses yum mati:
rm -f /var/run/yum.pid

Priksa perl...Perl ora ditemokake ing sistem sampeyan: Mangga instal perl lan coba again
Temenan, perl kudu diinstal. Perintah instalasi perl kaya ing ngisor iki:
yum -y install perl perl*

[Perintah SSH kanggo panel kontrol Kloxo-MR]

Nalika nginstal tema utawa plugin, gagal karo "Ora bisa nggawe direktori"
Solusi: ganti maneh ijin saka plugin tema wp lan folder unggahan
Kanggo keamanan server, kita ora bisa menehi kabeh 777 ijin, dadi anggere direktori iki diwenehi 755 ijin, mung sing duwe idin kanggo nulis.

Yen sampeyan mbukak printah ing ngisor iki:
sh /script/fix-chownchmod

Kloxo-MR bakal nyoba kepemilikan lan ijin revisi ing file lan direktori ing root document situs

Panel Kontrol Kloxo-MR: Pindhah menyang "admin> Server> (localhost)> Alamat IP> Reread IP".

Nganyari server
Nganyari server menyang versi paling anyar
yum -y update

Cara ing ndhuwur wis dicoba kaping pirang-pirang, nanging isih ana masalah, ketik printah perbaikan ing ngisor iki:
yum clean all; yum update -y; sh /script/cleanup

(Ing nganyari program, bukak mangan sawise sawetara wektu lan bali maneh kanggo mriksa, refreshUFO.org.in, img.UFO.org.in kaca bali normal)

yum clean all; yum update -y; sh /script/cleanup
service httpd restart

Kanggo mesthekake yen dns nyathet "statistik", sawise nganyari yum clean all; yum update -y; sh /script/cleanup, dadi manawa kanggo mbukak:
sh /script/fixdnsaddstatsrecord

Nganyarke Kloxo-MR:
yum clean all; yum update kloxomr7 -y; yum update -y

Instal maneh Kloxo-MR:
Yen ora ana kesalahan, coba printah ing ngisor iki:
sh /script/upcp -y