Kalozera wa Nkhani
Kalekale, ndinawona winawake m'gulu akugulitsa VPS pa 9.9 yuan pachaka. Unali malipiro apachaka, olembedwa kuti ma cores awiri ndi 4G, ndipo mtengo wake unali wotsika mtengo pafupifupi kakhumi kuposa makampani akuluakulu amenewo.
Ndinayika odayo mopupuluma.
Mnzanga, kodi ungakhulupirire? Izi zikayamba, zimanditengera masekondi awiri kuti ndilembe lamulo, ndipo ndikalumikiza kudzera pa SSH, cholozera chimazungulira kwa nthawi yayitali chisanafike nthawi yowonekera.
Ndinadabwa kwambiri.
Kapangidwe kameneka ndi kolakwika. Ngakhale kakonzedwe ka dual-core 4G katakhala koipa, sikuyenera kukhala kochedwa kwambiri.
Ndikuyamba kuganiza kuti makina awa mwina adagulitsidwa mopitirira muyeso.
Nditafufuza mozungulira, ndinapeza kuti izi ndi zoonadi. Pofuna kugawa mtengo wa seva yeniyeni, opereka VPS adzayendetsa makina ambiri kapena mazana ambiri pa makina omwewo, ndipo onse amagawana CPU, memory ndi hard drive.
Munalengeza za makina apadera okhala ndi ma core awiri, koma kuchuluka kwa ma cores omwe mumapeza kumadalira mphamvu zomwe anansi anu omwe ali pamakina omwewo ali nazo.
Funso limabuka: ndi anthu angati omwe ali ndi makina anga, ndipo kodi ndizotheka kuti ndidziwe?
Munkhaniyi, ndifotokoza nkhaniyi mwatsatanetsatane.
Choyamba ndiloleni ndifotokoze mfundo yopweteka kwambiri, chifukwa anthu ambiri amagwera mumsampha wamaganizo uwu.
Chofunika choyamba chomwe chiyenera kumvedwa
VPS, Virtual Private Server, tsopano ndiyo njira yodziwika bwino, ndipo KVM full virtualization ndiyo yodziwika kwambiri.
Ndi malo osungiramo zinthu omwe mwapatsidwa pa seva yayikulu ya wina.
Chomwe mungayang'ane ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe alowa muakaunti yanu ndipo akugwiritsa ntchito cubicle yanu.
Chomwe simungadziwe ndi kuchuluka kwa ma VPS omwe woperekayo watsegula pa makina enieni a host, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti anthu ena obwereka nyumba.
N’chifukwa chiyani sindingathe kuipeza? Yapangidwa pa intaneti ndipo yapatulidwa.
Makina enieni sagwirana ntchito. Mukakhala mu makina anu enieni, simungathe kuwona makina enieni omwe ali pafupi nanu, komanso simungathe kuwona momwe makina osungira amawonekera. Malo osungiramo zinthu okha ndi omwe angawone chithunzi chonse.
Choncho chomwe mungadziwe kwambiri ndi mnzanu wokhala naye pa makina awa. Ponena za kuchuluka kwa makina ena omwe ali pa makina olandirira, mutha kungoganiza mwanjira ina potengera zizindikiro zina.
Kumbukirani chiganizo ichi, ndipo mudzachidalira kuti chikuthandizeni kudutsa zina zonse.
Mukhoza kuwerengera anthu omwe ali pa VPS yomweyo, koma simungathe kuwerengera molondola kuchuluka kwa ma VPS omwe ali pa makina enieni.
Anthu ambiri amagula makina amtunduwu, ndipo munthu m'modzi amakumbukira nthawi yomweyo.
Wophunzira kumene kuchokera mumzinda wawung'ono wachinayi kapena wachisanu, wokhala ndi ndalama zochepa m'thumba mwake, ankafuna kulemba blog yakeyake kapena kulemba script yaying'ono. Maso ake anawala ataona mtengo wa 9.9 yuan.
Sanadziwe tanthauzo la kugulitsa zinthu mopitirira muyeso; ankangodziwa za mitengo yotsika mtengo.
Dongosolo likagwa, amangotemberera makinawo ngati zinyalala, osaganizira kuti anthu mazana ambiri oyandikana nawo akupikisana naye pa CPU yomweyo.
Linux Kodi ndimafufuza bwanji (kulowa mu SSH)?
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi Linux yodziwika bwino. Mukalowa kudzera pa SSH...
Lamulo loyamba ndikulemba 'w' ndikudina Enter.
Idzalemba mndandanda wa ogwiritsa ntchito onse omwe adalowa kale, kuphatikiza dzina lolowera, adilesi ya IP yomwe adalumikizana nayo, nthawi yolowera, ndi lamulo lomwe lilipo.
Samalani kwambiri adilesi ya IP mu gawo la FROM.
Ngati mutatsegula mawindo angapo a SSH ndi akaunti yomweyo, idzawonetsa zolemba zingapo. Zimenezo sizimawerengedwa ngati anthu angapo. Muyenera kuwona ngati ma IP ndi osiyana. Ma IP osiyanasiyana amasonyeza ogwiritsa ntchito osiyanasiyana.
Kuti mupeze njira yolunjika, gwiritsani ntchito "ndani" kuti mupeze akaunti yanu ndi adilesi yanu ya IP yokha - yoyera komanso yosavuta.
Ngati mukuona kuti kuwerengera pamanja n'kovuta, ingogwiritsani ntchito lamulo loti muwerengere ma IP apadera.
w | awk 'NR>2 {print $3}' | sort -u | wc -lMzerewu ndi wovuta kwambiri; umachotsa ma IP onse oyambira, kuchotsa ma kopi, ndipo pamapeto pake umakupatsirani nambala yosonyeza kuchuluka kwa ma IP osiyanasiyana omwe akugwirizanitsa ndi makina awa.
Chiwerengero chikakhala chachikulu, anthu ambiri amagawana chipindacho.
Ngati mukufuna kuona amene walowa ndi kutuluka, zolemba zomaliza zolowera ndi kutuluka zonse zidzawonetsedwa, kuphatikizapo nthawi yeniyeni yomwe adatuluka.
Chinyengo china ndikugwiritsa ntchito `cat /etc/passwd` kuti muwone maakaunti am'deralo omwe apangidwa mu dongosololi.
Komabe, izi ndi za maakaunti onse, ndipo si onse omwe angakhale pa intaneti. Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chisonyezero chokha, osati ngati anthu angapo.
Kodi mungayang'ane bwanji (desktop yakutali) pa Windows?
Ponena za Windows VPS, mukangolumikiza kudzera pa desktop yakutali, tsegulani zenera la CMD.
Kulemba `quser` kapena `query user` kudzalemba magawo onse a RDP, kusonyeza bwino omwe adalowa, ngati gawolo silinalumikizidwe kapena likugwira ntchito, komanso nthawi yomwe adalowa.
quserNgati simukufuna kulemba malamulo, mutha kusintha kupita ku tabu ya Ogwiritsa ntchito mu Task Manager, yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe owonetsa omwe ali pa intaneti mwachangu.
Mawindo ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kuposa Linux; pali lamulo limodzi lokha, ndipo mawonekedwe ojambulira zithunzi amapezeka mosavuta.
Tangoganizirani ngati makina osungira katundu agulitsidwa mopitirira muyeso ndi zizindikiro izi
Macheke onse omwe ali pamwambapa akuphatikizapo kudziwa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali pa VPS imodzi.
Koma monga ndanenera, si mfundo yofunika kwambiri. Nkhani yofunika kwambiri ndi yakuti kodi woperekayo watsegula ma VPS ambiri owonjezera pa makina osungira, akupikisana nanu pazinthu zomwe mukufuna.
Simungathe kuziwerenga mwachindunji; mutha kungoyang'ana zizindikiro zokha.
Linux ili ndi njira yosavuta kwambiri yowerengera nthawi yotchedwa CPU steal, yomwe ndi %st mu lamulo lapamwamba.
Lembani `top`, yang'anani mzere wa CPU, ndipo muwona `st` kumapeto.
st≈0 zikutanthauza kuti palibe anansi omwe akupikisana ndi CPU yanu, ndipo mukusangalala nayo bwino nokha.
Ngati st nthawi zonse imakhala yoposa 5%, ndiye kuti pali mwayi waukulu kuti VPS ina ikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za CPU pa makina anu osungira, ndipo mphamvu yanu ya kompyuta ikubedwa popanda inu kuzindikira.
topNgati simukudzidalira pongoyang'ana, gwiritsani ntchito vmstat 1 kuti muyang'ane mzere wa st. Mudzaona anansi anu akuchitapo kanthu nthawi yomweyo.
vmstat 1Ngakhale kuti opereka chithandizo cha VPS amalemba mndandanda wa zinthu zomwe zilipo, ena amazigulitsa kwambiri, ndipo ena amasunga makina ambiri a opereka chithandizo pa makina osungira. Zinthu zikasowa, makina anu amayamba kuchedwa.
St ndiye wodziwa zambiri zoona.
Malo osungira zinthu ndi malo osungira zinthu pa disk amavumbulanso chizolowezi chosokoneza cha kugulitsa zinthu mopitirira muyeso.
Ponena za zinthu, pali malo awiri komwe zimakhala zosavuta kubisa machenjerero: kukumbukira ndi disk.
Choyamba, ndiloleni ndiikepo madzi ozizira pa izi: simungathe kuwerenga memory ndi hard drive yotsala ya makina osungira kuchokera mkati mwa makina owonera; mutha kungotsimikizira izi pamakina anu kenako ndikupanga malingaliro osalunjika.
Kugulitsa kwambiri kwa amalonda kumachitika pamakina osungira. Chomwe mungatsimikizire pamakina anu ndi ngati gawo lanu lachepetsedwa, kenako, kutengera zomwe mwawona, ngati wina akupikisana nanu pa izi.
Choyamba, werengani chiwerengero cha zinthu zomwe zili mu kukumbukira.
Gwiritsani ntchito `free -h` kuti muwone mzere wa `total`. Yerekezerani ndi nambala yomwe yalengezedwa ndi wogulitsa. Nambalayo ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti gawo lachepetsedwa. Amalengeza 4G koma amangokupatsani 2G yokha. Anthu ambiri amagwera mumsampha uwu.
free -hKenako yang'anani kwambiri pa mpikisano.
Mukakhala ndi katundu wochepa, gwiritsani ntchito vmstat 1 ndikuyang'ana kwambiri pa si ndi kotero. si ndi yosinthira mkati ndipo ndi yosinthira kunja.
Ngati bizinesi yanu ilibe mavuto ambiri, koma si ndi zina nthawi zonse zimakhala zazikulu kuposa 0, ndiye kuti n'zotheka kuti makina osungira zinthu akutha kukumbukira, wogulitsa wagulitsa makinawo mopitirira muyeso, ndipo makinawo akukakamizidwa kusinthana kukumbukira kwanu ndi disk, kotero makinawo adzakhala ochedwa kwambiri.
Dziwani kuti si zachilendo kugwiritsa ntchito kusinthana pansi pa ntchito yanthawi zonse, koma kusinthana pafupipafupi pansi pa katundu wochepa ndi vuto lenileni.
Zomwezo zikugwiranso ntchito pa ma disks.
Gwiritsani ntchito `df -h` kuti muwone kukula kwa gawo la mizu `/`. Yerekezerani ndi gawo lomwe mukufuna; ngati kusiyana kuli kwakukulu kwambiri, gawolo silikwanira.
df -hKusagwirizana kwa IO ndikosavuta kuzindikira ndi `iostat -x 1`, ndipo mutha kuyang'aniranso `aw ai t` ndi `%util`.
Ngati simukuchita ntchito zowerengera kapena kulemba, koma nthawi zonse mumakhala ndi nthawi yoposa ma millisecond 20, kapena %util yakhala pa 100% kwa nthawi yayitali, ndizotheka kuti VPS ina pa makina anu osungira ikuchita ntchito zowerengera ndi kulemba kwambiri, zomwe zimatenga I/O ya disk yanu. Iyi ndi nkhani yachizolowezi yogulitsa kwambiri disk ndi mikangano.
iostat -x 1Kumbukirani izi mu chiganizo chimodzi
Choncho, fotokozani momveka bwino mu chiganizo chimodzi.
Mu VPS, anthu ambiri amagawana login. Pa Linux, gwiritsani ntchito lamulo la 'w'; pa Windows, gwiritsani ntchito lamulo la 'quser'. Chiwerengero cha ogwiritsa ntchito apadera chimatsimikiziridwa ndi ma IP osiyanasiyana.
Simungapeze chiwerengero cholondola cha ma VPS omwe akuyenda pa seva yanu yeniyeni pamakina anu; mutha kungoganiza kutengera zizindikiro monga st, swap, ndi await.
Tiyeni tibwererenso ku makina a 9.9 yuan kuyambira pachiyambi.
Nditayang'ana pamwamba pambuyo pake, ndinapeza kuti st inali kuyendayenda pafupifupi 8% kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo si nthawi zina imaonekera mu vmstat.
Kotero, zapezeka kuti sindimakhala ndekha; ndimakhala m'nyumba imodzi ndi anansi ambiri, ndipo sindingathe ngakhale kupeza bafa tsiku lililonse.
Izi ndi mfundo yofanana ndi kusungitsa nthawi yochuluka paulendo wa pandege.
Makampani oyendetsa ndege nthawi zonse amagulitsa matikiti ochulukirapo ndi 20% kuposa momwe amafunikira, akulonjeza kuti wina adzasowa ndege yawo.
Opereka chithandizo cha VPS amagulitsa kwambiri poika kuti anthu ena adzagula koma osagwiritsa ntchito kapena kungogwiritsa ntchito pang'ono, kotero kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu kwa aliyense kudzachepetsedwa ndipo sipadzakhala vuto.
Ngati mupambana kubetcha, simudzamva chilichonse; ngati mutaya, mudzakhala mukusewera ma script pakati pausiku ndipo mukukumana ndi ngozi zomwe zimakupangitsani kukayikira kukhalapo kwanu.
Palibe chakudya chamasana chaulere. Kumbuyo kwa ndalama zokwana 9.9 yuan pachaka kuli wina amene akukunyamulirani katundu wodzaza anthu.
Mukagula VPS mtsogolo, musamangoyang'ana mndandanda wamitengo ndi makonzedwe.
Choyamba, lembani malamulo angapo mukatsegula kompyuta kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali mchipinda mwanu.
Kaya malo ogona ndi ochepa kapena ayi zimakhudza kwambiri zomwe zikuchitika kuposa momwe mungaganizire.
Sizipweteka kudziwa za kusiyana kwa chidziwitso.
Popeza mwawerenga mpaka pano, ngati mwapeza kuti ndi zothandiza, chonde like ndikugawana. Ngati mukufuna kulandira zosintha kaye, mutha kunditsatira! ⭐
Zikomo powerenga nkhani yanga. Tionananso nthawi ina.
Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhani yakuti "Munagula VPS yogulitsidwa mopitirira muyeso? Dziwani kuti ndi ogwiritsa ntchito angati omwe ali ndi seva imodzi mumphindi zitatu!" yogawidwa pa blog ya Chen Weiliang ( https://www.chenweiliang.com/ ) idzakuthandizani.
Khalani omasuka kugawana ulalo wa nkhaniyi: https://www.chenweiliang.com/cwl-34575.html