CentOS e eketsa / e tlosa joang lifaele tsa SWAP le li-partitions tsa memori?

CentOSU ka kenya / tlosa joang ka bowena lifaele tsa swap tsa SWAP le li-partitions?

Swap partition ke eng? SWAP ke sebaka sa swap, mme karolo ya sebaka sa SWAP ke nengLinuxHa mohopolo oa 'mele oa sistimi o sa lekana, karolo ea memori ea' mele e tla lokolloa ho tlatselletsa mohopolo o sa lekaneng oa 'mele, e le hore ts'ebetso ea hajoale e ntse e sebetsa.软件tšebeliso ea lenaneo.

Melemo ea ho sebelisa Swap bakeng sa li-partitions

Phetoho ea litlhophiso tsa ntlafatso ea SWAP e bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebetso ea seva ea Webo Haeba mohopolo oa 'mele o sa lekana, o ka boloka ka nepo litšenyehelo tsa ntlafatso ea sistimi ea LINUX ka ho seta karohano ea SWAP ea memori.

Sap partition e lokela ho ba bokae?

Beha boholo ba karohano ea swap ea SWAP ho latela boholo ba memori ea sistimi le software e sebelisitsoeng.

Litlhahiso bakeng sa CentOS le RHEL6 ke tse latelang. Ka kopo etsa litokiso tse nepahetseng ho latela maemo a itseng:

• 4GB ea RAM e hloka bonyane 2GB ea sebaka sa phapanyetsano
• 4GB ho isa ho 16GB RAM e hloka bonyane 4GB ea sebaka sa ho fapanyetsana
• 16GB ho isa ho 64GB ea RAM e hloka bonyane 8GB ea sebaka sa phapanyetsano
• 64GB ho isa ho 256GB ea RAM e hloka bonyane 16GB ea sebaka sa phapanyetsano

Sheba memori ea hajoale le boholo ba sebaka sa ho fapanyetsana (yuniti ea kamehla ke k, -m yuniti ke M):
free -m

Liphetho tse hlahisitsoeng ke tse latelang (mohlala):
kakaretso e sebelisitsoeng mahala e arolelanoang li-buffers cached
Mem: 498 347 151 0 101 137
-/+ buffers/cache: 108 390
Phetoho: 0 0 0

Haeba Swap e le 0, ho bolela che, 'me u hloka ho kenya karohano ea swap ea SWAP ka letsoho.

(Tlhokomeliso: VPS e nang le meralo ea OPENVZ ha e tšehetse ho kenyelletsa karohano ea swap ea SWAP)

Ho na le mefuta e 2 ea ho eketsa sebaka sa swap sa SWAP:

• 1. Kenya karolo ea swap ea SWAP.
• 2. Kenya faele ea swap ea SWAP.

Ho khothaletsoa ho kenyelletsa karohano ea swap ea SWAP; haeba ho se na sebaka se sengata se setseng, eketsa faele ea swap.

Sheba lintlha tsa SWAP (ho kenyeletsoa faele ea swap ea SWAP le lintlha tsa karohano):

swapon -s
kapa
cat /proc/swaps

(Haeba ho se na boleng ba SWAP bo bonts'itsoeng, ho bolela hore sebaka sa SWAP ha se so eketsoe)

Mona ke mohlala oa mokhoa oa ho theha faele ea SWAP:

1. Etsa phetoho ea 1GB

dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap bs=1k count=1024k
mkswap /swapfile
swapon /swapfile
echo "/home/swap swap swap default 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
sudo sysctl -w vm.swappiness=10
echo vm.swappiness = 10 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf

2. Etsa phetoho ea 2GB

dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap bs=1k count=2048k
mkswap /home/swap
swapon /home/swap
echo "/home/swap swap swap default 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
sudo sysctl -w vm.swappiness=10
echo vm.swappiness = 10 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf

(Qetella)

Lintlha tse latelang ke litšupiso tse eketsehileng:

1. Sebelisa taelo ea dd ho theha faele ea swap

memori ea 1G
dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap bs=1024 count=1024000

2G memori:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap bs=1k count=2048k

Ka tsela ena, ho entsoe faele ea /home/swap, boholo ba 1024000 ke 1G, mme boholo ba 2048k ke 2G.

2. Etsa faele ka mokhoa oa swap:
mkswap /home/swap

3. Sebelisa taelo ea swapon ho kenya karohano ea faele ho karohano ea swap
/sbin/swapon /home/swap

Ha re shebeng ka taelo ea mahala -m mme re fumane hore ho se ho ntse ho na le faele ea swap.
free -m

Empa kamora ho qala sistimi hape, faele ea swap e fetoha 0 hape.

4. E le ho thibela faele ea swap hore e se ke ea fetoha 0 ka mor'a ho qala bocha, fetola faele ea /etc/fstab

Qetellong (mohala oa ho qetela) oa faele ea /etc/fstab eketsa:
/home/swap swap swap default 0 0

(Kahoo le haeba sistimi e ka qala bocha, faele ea swap e ntse e le bohlokoa)

Kapa ka ho toba sebelisa taelo e latelang ho kenya taelo ea ho qala hape ka mokhoa o itekanetseng oa ho kenya:
echo "/home/swap swap swap default 0 0
" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab

Ke tlas'a maemo afe moo VPS e sebelisang sebaka sa phapanyetsano ea SWAP?

Ha se ho emela hore mohopolo oohle oa 'mele o sebelisoe pele o sebelisa sebaka sa swap sa SWAP, empa se khethoa ke boleng ba paramente ea swappiness.

• swappiness=0 e bolela ts'ebeliso e kholo ea mohopolo oa 'mele, ebe sebaka sa phapanyetsano ea SWAP.
• swappiness = 100 e bontša hore sebaka sa swap se sebelisoa ka mafolofolo, 'me data e memoring e fetisetsoa sebakeng sa swap ka nako e loketseng.

Mokhoa oa ho beha parameter ea swappiness?

Phetoho ea nakoana:

Phetoho e sa feleng:

Kenya liparamente tse latelang faeleng ea /etc/sysctl.conf:
vm.swappiness=10

(Boloka, e tla sebetsa ka mor'a ho qala bocha)

kapa kenya taelo ka kotloloho:
echo vm.swappiness = 10 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf

Hlakola faele ea swap ea SWAP

1. Emisa karohano ea swap pele

/sbin/swapoff /home/swap

2. Hlakola faele ea karohano ea swap

rm -rf /home/swap

3. Hlakola taelo e iketsang ea ho qhoaela thaba

vi /etc/fstab

Tlosa mohala ona:

/home/swap swap swap default 0 0

(Sena se tla hlakola faele e fetotsoeng e kentsoeng ka letsoho)

Tlhokomeliso:

• 1. Ke mosebelisi oa motso feela ea ka sebelisoang ho eketsa kapa ho hlakola lits'ebetso tsa swap.
• 2. Ho bonahala eka karohano ea swap e fanoeng ha u kenya tsamaiso ea VPS e ke ke ea hlakoloa.
• 3. Karohano ea swap hangata e lekana le memori habeli.