Pokello ea taelo ea tlhaiso-leseling ea sistimi ea Linux

Linuxtaelo ea pono ea tlhaiso-leseling ea sistimi

Sistimi】

uname -a
# Sheba lintlha tsa kernel/OS/CPU

head -n 1 /etc/issue
# Lekola mofuta oa sistimi e sebetsang

cat /proc/cpuinfo
# Sheba lintlha tsa CPU

hostname
#Sheba lebitso la komporo

lspci -tv
# Ngola lisebelisoa tsohle tsa PCI

lsusb -tv
# Ngola lisebelisoa tsohle tsa USB

lsmod
# Lethathamo la li-module tsa kernel tse kentsoeng

env
# Sheba maemo a fapaneng a tikoloho

【mohloli】

* Litokomane: https://help.ubuntu.com/

motso@ubuntu-512mb-sfo1-01:~# free -m
kakaretso e sebelisitsoeng mahala e arolelanoang li-buffers cached
Mem: 494 227 266 0 10 185
-/+ buffers/cache: 31 462
Phapang: 0 Botsa 0 0

motso @ ubuntu-512mb-sfo1-01: ~ # grep MemFree /proc/meminfo
MemFree: 272820 kB

free -m
# Sheba ts'ebeliso ea memori le ts'ebeliso ea phapanyetsano

df -h
# Sheba tšebeliso ea karolo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe

du -sh <目录名>
# Sheba boholo ba bukana e boletsoeng

find . -type f -size +100M
#Fumana lifaele tse fetang 100M

find . -type f -print |wc -l
# Bala palo ea lifaele tse bukeng ea hajoale

grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
# Sheba palo eohle ea memori

grep MemFree /proc/meminfo
#Sheba palo ea memori ea mahala

uptime
#Sheba nako ea ho sebetsa ea sistimi, palo ea basebelisi, mojaro

cat /proc/loadavg
# Sheba boemo ba sistimi

【Disiki le dikarolo】

mount | column -t
# Sheba boemo ba karohano e khomaretsoeng

khoutu>fdisk -l

# Sheba likarolo tsohle

swapon -s
# Sheba likarolo tsohle tsa phapanyetsano

hdparm -i /dev/hda
# Sheba likarolo tsa disk (feela bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa IDE)

dmesg | grep IDE
#Sheba boemo ba ho lemoha ha sesebelisoa sa IDE qalong

【netweke】

ifconfig
#Sheba thepa ea lihokelo tsohle tsa marang-rang

iptables -L
# Sheba litlhophiso tsa firewall

route -n
# Sheba tafole ea ho tsamaisa

netstat -lntp
# Sheba likou tsohle tse mamelang

netstat -antp
# Sheba likhokahano tsohle tse hlophisitsoeng

netstat -s
#Sheba lipalo-palo tsa marang-rang

【ts'ebetso】

cat /proc/sys/kernel/threads-max
Sheba palo e kholo ea likhoele tse lumelletsoeng ke sistimi

cat /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max
Sheba palo e kholo ea lits'ebetso tse lumelletsoeng ke sistimi

ps -ef
# sheba lits'ebetso tsohle

top
# Bontša boemo ba ts'ebetso ka nako ea 'nete

ll /proc/PID/fd/
#Haeba ts'ebetso e nka CPU e ngata haholo, etsa bonnete ba hore u sebelisa taelo ll /proc/PID/fd/ ho e fumana, haeba u sa e fumane, e fumane makhetlo a 'maloa.

【mosebelisi】

w
# Sheba basebelisi ba sebetsang

id <用户名>
# Sheba lintlha tsa mosebelisi tse boletsoeng

last
# Sheba lethathamo la ho kena ha basebelisi

cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd
# Sheba basebelisi bohle ba sistimi

cut -d: -f1 /etc/group
# Sheba lihlopha tsohle tsa sistimi

crontab -l
#Sheba mesebetsi e hlophisitsoeng ea mosebelisi oa hajoale

【Sebeletsa】

chkconfig --list
# Ngola lits'ebeletso tsohle tsa sistimi

chkconfig --list | grep on
# Ngola lits'ebeletso tsohle tse qalileng tsa sistimi

##【CentOS Potso ea mofuta oa litšebeletso]
Taelo ea potso ea mofuta oa tšebeletso ea CentOS:

1. Sheba mofuta oa Linux Kernel
uname -r

2. Sheba mofuta oa CentOS
cat /etc/redhat-release

3. Sheba mofuta oa PHP
php -v

4. Sheba MySQL tlhahiso
mysql -v

5. Sheba mofuta oa Apache
rpm -qa httpd

6. Sheba lintlha tsa hona joale tsa CPU
cat /proc/cpuinfo

7. Sheba maqhubu a hona joale a cpu
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep MHz

【lenaneo】

rpm -qa
# sheba tsohle tse kentsoeng软件Package

# Restart taelo bakeng sa lits'ebeletso tse tloaelehileng
service memcached restart

service monit restart
service mysqld restart
service mysql restart
service httpd restart

monit start all

service nginx restart

# qala hape CWP
service cwpsrv restart

# qala hape ka memcached
service memcached restart
service memcached start
service memcached stop

# boot qala memcached
chkconfig memcached on

Qala hape httpd ho etsa hore khoutu e sebetse taelo:
service httpd restart
service httpd start
service httpd stop

chkconfig httpd on

kenya hape httpd taelo:
service httpd force-reload
service httpd reload

Nginx restart taelo:
/etc/init.d/nginxd restart

service nginxd force-reload
service nginxd reload
service nginxd restart

php-fpm restart taelo:
/etc/init.d/php-fpm restart
service php-fpm restart
service php-fpm start

Kenya php-fpm hape:
sudo yum reinstall php-fpm

service mysql restart
service mysqld restart

service mysql stop
service mysqld stop

service mysql start
service mysqld start

Sebelisa taelo e latelang ho bona ts'ebeliso ea memori le ho sebetsana le boemo ba tšebeliso ea memori:
free -m
ps -eo pmem,pcpu,rss,vsize,args | sort -k 1 -r | less

MySQL_upgrade e fana ka litaelo tse latelang ho hlahloba le ho lokisa litafole le ho ntlafatsa litafole tsa sistimi:
mysqlcheck --all-databases --check-upgrade --auto-repair

Koala taelo ea MySQL:
killall mysqld

Sheba ts'ebetso ea mysql:
ps -ef|grep mysqld
watch -n 1 "ps -ef | grep mysql"

pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/centos-cwl.pid

Tsela ea faele ea PID ea MYSQL, KLOXO-MR e ka bonoa ka "process" ea "control panel":
pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/centos-512mb-sfo1-01.pid
pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/xxxx.pid

kapa taelo ea SSH "ps -ef" ho bona lits'ebetso tsohle:
check process apache with pidfile /usr/local/apache/logs/httpd.pid
check process mysql with pidfile /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

O ka eketsa mohala ona ho /etc/crontab ho qala taelo motsotso o mong le o mong ho lekola boemo ba mysql:
* * * * * /sbin/service mysql status || service mysql start

【Mote taelo】

monit standard qala, emisa, qala hape litaelo:
/etc/init.d/monit start
/etc/init.d/monit stop
/etc/init.d/monit restart

shebellaTlhokomeliso:
Kaha monit e behiloe joalo ka ts'ebetso ea daemon, 'me litlhophiso tse qalang ka sistimi li eketsoa ho inittab, haeba ts'ebetso ea monit e emisa, ts'ebetso ea init e tla e qala hape, ebe e lekola lits'ebeletso tse ling, ho bolelang hore monit monitors Ts'ebeletso ha e khonehe. Ho emisoa ho sebelisa mokhoa o tloaelehileng, hobane hang ha e emisitsoe, monit e tla qala hape.

Ho emisa ts'ebeletso e shebiloeng ke monit, taelo e kang monit stop name e lokela ho sebelisoa, mohlala ho emisa tomcat:
monit stop tomcat

Ho emisa lits'ebeletso tsohle tse shebiloeng ka tšebeliso ea monit:
monit stop all

Ho qala ts'ebeletso u ka sebelisa taelo ea monit stop name,

Ho qala tsohle ke:
monit start all

Beha monit ho qala ka sistimi ebe o e eketsa qetellong ea faele ea /etc/inittab
# Matha monit ka maemo a tloaelehileng a ho matha
mo:2345:respawn:/usr/local/bin/monit -Ic /etc/monitrc

Tlosa monit:
yum remove monit

【Khoasolla le ho decompress】

下载 wordpress Mofuta oa morao-rao
wget http://zh.wordpress.org/latest-zh_CN.tar.gz

unzip
tar zxvf latest-zh_CN.tar.gz

Tsamaisa lifaele tse foldareng ea wordpress (tsela e felletseng) ho ea sebakeng sa hajoale sa directory
mv wordpress/* .

Tsamaisa directory ea /cgi-bin bukeng ea hajoale
$mv wwwroot/cgi-bin .

Kopitsa lifaele tsohle tse bukeng ea hona joale bukeng e fetileng
cp -rpf -f * ../

U ka emisa / qala bocha / qala ts'ebeletso ea redis joang?
Haeba u kentse redis ka apt-get kapa yum install, u ka emisa / qala / qala redis ka ho toba ka litaelo tse latelang.
/etc/init.d/redis-server stop
/etc/init.d/redis-server start
/etc/init.d/redis-server restart
/etc/init.d/redis restart

Haeba o kentse redis ho tsoa khoutu ea mohloli, o ka qala redis hape ka taelo ea ho koala ea redis client program redis-cli:
redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 shutdown

Haeba ha ho le e 'ngoe ea mekhoa e kaholimo e atlehileng ho emisa redis, o ka sebelisa sebetsa sa mantlha:
kill -9

[Sheba taelo ea sebaka sa faele]

Bona moo faele ea tlhophiso ea PHP e behiloeng teng:
Sebelisa phpinfo ho bona hore haeba mosebetsi o thibetsoe, o phethe tlas'a khetla
php -v / -name php.ini
或者
find / -name php.ini

Ka kakaretso, ha linux e kentsoe hanyane, wget e ke ke ea kenngoa ka ho sa feleng.
yum kenya
yum -y install wget

Ntlafatso ea sistimi e ntse e sebetsa 'me yum e notletsoe.
O ka qobella ts'ebetso ea yum ho koala:
rm -f /var/run/yum.pid

E batla perl...Perl ha e so fumanehe ho sistimi ea hau: Ka kopo kenya perl 'me u leke again
Ho hlakile hore perl e hloka ho kengoa.Taelo ea ho kenya perl ke e latelang:
yum -y install perl perl*

[Litaelo tsa SSH bakeng sa phanele ea taolo ea Kloxo-MR]

Ha o kenya tema kapa plugin, e hloleha ka "Ha e khone ho theha directory"
Tharollo: fetola hape litumello tsa plugin ea sehlooho sa wp le foldara ea ho kenya
Bakeng sa ts'ireletso ea seva, tumello ea 777 e ke ke ea fuoa bohle, ha feela li-directory tsena li fuoa tumello ea 755, ke mong'a eona feela ea nang le tumello ea ho ngola.

Haeba u tsamaisa taelo e latelang:
sh /script/fix-chownchmod

Kloxo-MR e tla leka ho ntlafatsa botho le tumello ho lifaele le li-directory ho motso oa litokomane tsa sebaka seo

Kloxo-MR Control Panel: Eya ho "admin> Server> (localhost)> IP Address> Reread IP".

Ntlafatso ea seva
Ntlafatsa seva ho mofuta oa moraorao
yum -y update

Mokhoa o ka holimo o lekiloe hangata, empa bothata bo ntse bo le teng, ka kopo kenya taelo e latelang ea tokiso:
yum clean all; yum update -y; sh /script/cleanup

(Nchafatsong ea lenaneo, e-ea ho ja kamora nakoana ebe u khutla ho tla hlahloba, ho khathollaufo.org.in, img.ufo.org.maqepheng a khutletse setloaeleng)

yum clean all; yum update -y; sh /script/cleanup
service httpd restart

Ho etsa bonnete ba hore dns e kenyelelitsoe "lipalo-palo", ka mor'a ho ntlafatsa yum hloekisa tsohle; yum update -y; sh /script/cleanup, etsa bonnete ba hore u matha:
sh /script/fixdnsaddstatsrecord

Ntlafatsa Kloxo-MR:
yum clean all; yum update kloxomr7 -y; yum update -y

Kenya Kloxo-MR hape:
Haeba ho se na liphoso tse fumanoeng, leka taelo e latelang:
sh /script/upcp -y