Dagewar journalctl umarnin share log don duba cikakken bayani na sigogin daidaitawa

kowane lokaciE-kasuwancisaduwa da mai kula da gidan yanar gizoMySQL database, Apache da sauran aikace-aikacen ba za a iya farawa kamar yadda aka saba ba,LinuxTsarin zai sa ka yi amfani da shi journalctl -ex umarni don duba shi.

• Yawancin lokaci ana iya samun rajistan ayyukan da ke da alaƙa da sauri.
• Bayan nazarin log ɗin ta wannan hanya, ana iya magance matsalar cikin sauri.

Menene ma'anar jarida?

Bayanin asali na jarida:

• n. Daily, jarida, diary; lokaci-lokaci, mujallu, mujallu; [lissafi] littafi
• Bambance-bambance
• jam'i mujallu

Ci gaba da rajistan ayyukan jarida

Dagewa shine hanyar juyar da bayanan shirin tsakanin jahohi masu dawwama da na wucin gadi.

A cikin sharuddan layman, bayanan wucin gadi (kamar bayanan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya waɗanda ba za a iya adana su na dindindin ba), dagewa zai ci gaba da dawwama ga bayanan dagewa (kamar dagewar bayanai, waɗanda za a iya adana su na dogon lokaci).

ACentOS A cikin 7.X, systemd yana sarrafa rajistan ayyukan farawa don duk raka'a.

• Systemd-journald sabis ne na gudanar da mujallu mai ci gaba wanda tsarin ke gudanarwa.
• Yana tattara rajistan ayyukan daga kwaya kuma tsarin daemons suna aiki kuma suna gudana yayin farkon lokacin taya na tsarin.
• Daidaitaccen fitarwa da saƙonnin kuskure, da kuma rajistan ayyukan syslog.

journalctl hanyar log

Sabis ɗin log ɗin yana adana fayilolin log a cikin tsari ɗaya kawai.

Mai zuwa shine tsarin CentOS 7 VestaCPKwamitin sarrafawa, adana hanyar journalctl log ▼

/var/log/journal

• Domin logs suna matsawa da tsara bayanan binary, lokacin dubawa daMatsayida sauri sosai.

journalctl duba umarnin log

Umurni ba tare da wani zaɓi don yin fitar da journalctl duk shiga ▼

journalctl

• Ba shi da wani amfani domin nan da nan kun “cire” da ambaliya da za ta mamaye ku.

Na gaba, za mu koyi yadda ake tace mahimman bayanan log ɗin yadda ya kamata.

Duba ƙayyadadden lokacin lokacijaridaShiga

Yi amfani da zaɓuɓɓukan umarni masu zuwa don saita lokacin ▼

--since
--until

• Wani lokaci yana da alhakin ƙididdige bayanan log kafin da bayan wani lokaci.

Ƙimar lokaci na iya zama ta nau'i-nau'i iri-iri, kamar waɗannan ▼

YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS

如果你想检查在2018年3月8日晚上8点20分之后日志，请输入以下命令 ▼

journalctl --since "2018-03-26 20:20:00"

• Idan ba a cika wasu abubuwan da ke sama ba, tsarin zai cika madaidaitan dabi'u kai tsaye.
• Misali, idan ɓangaren kwanan wata ba ya cika ba, ana nuna kwanan watan kai tsaye.
• Idan ba a cika yawan lokacin ba, "00:00:00" (tsakar dare) ana amfani da shi ta tsohuwa.
• Hakanan za'a iya barin filin dakiku babu komai.

Tsohuwar ƙimar ita ce "00", misali umarni mai zuwa ▼

journalctl --since "2018-03-26" --until "2018-03-26 03:00"

Bugu da ƙari, journalctl yana fahimtar wasu dabi'u masu alaƙa da gajerun hannu.

• Misali, zaku iya amfani da "jiya", "yau", "gobe" ko "yanzu".

Misali, don samun bayanan log ɗin jiya, zaku iya amfani da umarni mai zuwa ▼

journalctl --since yesterday

Don samun rajistan ayyukan daga 9:00 na safe zuwa sa'a ta ƙarshe, zaku iya amfani da umarnin mai zuwa ▼

journalctl --since 09:00 --until "1 hour ago"

Sabis na gani na ainihi na journalctl log

da tail -f umurnin yayi kama, journalctl yana goyan bayan -f zaɓi don nuna rajistan ayyukan a ainihin lokacin ▼

journalctl -f

Idan kana son duba bayanan na'urar na ainihi, da fatan za a ƙara zaɓi -u ▼

$ sudo journalctl -f -u prometheus.service

Nuna sabbin layukan n kawai a cikin journalctl

zaɓuɓɓukan layin umarni -n Ana amfani dashi don sarrafa sabbin layukan log ɗin n kawai.

Tsohuwar ita ce a nuna sabbin layi 10 na rajistan ayyukan a ƙarshen ▼

$ sudo journalctl -n

Hakanan zaka iya nuna log tare da takamaiman adadin layi a ƙarshen ▼

$ sudo journalctl -n 20

Mai zuwa shine sabon log ɗin layi uku yana nuna sabis ɗin cron.service ▼

$ journalctl -u cron.service -n 3

DaTallan IntanetMutane suna amfani da VPSgina gidan yanar gizo, shigar da kwamitin kula da VestaCP, ginawaWordPressgidan yanar gizo.

amfani akai-akai df -h Umurni don bincika ƙarfin faifan VPS kuma gano cewa yana tashi a yanayin 1GB kowane wata (tuna cewa 1GB ne watan da ya gabata)

[root@ten ~]# df -h

Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/simfs       20G  7.5G   13G  38% /

devtmpfs        256M     0  256M   0% /dev

tmpfs           256M     0  256M   0% /dev/shm

tmpfs           256M  244K  256M   1% /run

tmpfs           256M     0  256M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

tmpfs            52M     0   52M   0% /run/user/0

Duba rajistan ayyukan journalctl ta amfani da umarnin iya aiki

Bincika log ɗin journalctl na yanzu ta amfani da umarnin ƙarfin diski ▼

journalctl --disk-usage

journalctl komai share log

Tun da Linux tsarin aiki ne mai mahimmanci, yana da sauƙi don haifar da ɓarnar tsarin idan kun share fayiloli ba daidai ba.

Don haka, hanyar share rajistan ayyukan journalctl, da fatan za a share su ta kwanan wata da damar da za a iya tanadi.

journalctl --vacuum-time=2d
journalctl --vacuum-size=500M

Idan kuna son share fayilolin log da hannu, kuna buƙatar juya (juya) log ɗin kafin sharewa.

systemctl kill --kill-who=main --signal=SIGUSR2 systemd-journald.service

journalctl yana daidaita iya aiki na dindindin

Don ba da damar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun dagewa, za ku iya canza fayil ɗin sanyi na journald ▼

/etc/systemd/journald.conf

SystemMaxUse=16M

ForwardToSyslog=no

Sa'an nan, sake kunna jarida ▼

systemctl restart systemd-journald.service

Shin rajistan rajistan ya yi kyau?Fayilolin log ɗin ba su da lahani kuma ba su lalace ba? ▼

journalctl --verify

Mai zuwa shine ƙarfin faifan VPS bayan tsaftacewa da journalctl log, da ƙarfin log na journalctl▼

[root@ten /]# df -h

Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/simfs       20G  5.7G   15G  29% /

devtmpfs        256M     0  256M   0% /dev

tmpfs           256M     0  256M   0% /dev/shm

tmpfs           256M  308K  256M   1% /run

tmpfs           256M     0  256M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

tmpfs            52M     0   52M   0% /run/user/0

[root@ten /]# journalctl --disk-usage

Archived and active journals take up 24.0M on disk.

Cikakken bayani na ci gaba da journalctl log, wannan shine ƙarshen ^_^