Linux Crontab yana aiwatar da umarnin aikin rubutun akai-akai & saita amfani da fayil ɗin sanyi

Tsarin cron da aka gina a cikin Linux zai iya taimaka mana mu cimma buƙatunmu na aiwatar da ayyuka da aka tsara. Ta hanyar amfani da rubutun cron da shell, za mu iya aiwatar da umarnin ayyuka masu rikitarwa cikin sauƙi akan jadawalin aiki.

Menene Cron?

Sau da yawa muna amfani da umarnin crontab , wanda yake gajeriyar ga teburin cron.

Yana da fayil ɗin sanyi don cron, wanda kuma ana iya kiransa jerin ayyuka.

Za mu iya nemo fayilolin sanyi masu dacewa a cikin manyan manyan fayiloli masu zuwa.

• Littafin / var / spool / cron / directory yana adana ayyukan crontab ga kowane mai amfani ciki har da tushen, kuma kowane ɗawainiya ana ba da sunan mahalicci.
• /etc/crontab Wannan fayil ɗin yana da alhakin tsara ayyuka daban-daban na gudanarwa da kulawa.
• /etc/cron.d/ Ana amfani da wannan jagorar don adana duk fayilolin crontab ko rubutun da za a aiwatar.
• Hakanan zamu iya sanya rubutun a /etc/cron.hourly, /etc/cron.daily, /etc/cron.weekly, /etc/cron.monthly directories, bar shi aiwatar kowane awa/rana/mako, wata.

Yaya ake amfani da Crontab?

Umurnin da aka saba amfani da su sune kamar haka:

crontab [-u username]　　　　//省略用户名表示操作当前用户的crontab
    -e      (编辑工作表)
    -l      (列出工作表里的命令)
    -r      (删除工作表)

muna amfanicrontab -eShigar da gyare-gyaren takardar aiki na mai amfani na yanzu, wanda shine gama gari na vim.Kowane layi umarni ne.

Gyara Takardun Aiki▼

crontab -e

Lissafin takardun aiki ▼

crontab -l

Share takardar aiki ▼

crontab -r 

An tsara umarnin crontab a matsayin lokaci + aiki. Zaɓuɓɓukan lokaci sun haɗa da mintuna, awanni, rana, wata, da Juma'a. Masu aiki sun haɗa da...

• * duk lambobi a cikin kewayon
• / lambobi nawa
• - daga X zuwa Z
• ,lambobi

Crontab Yana Aiwatar da Misalin Umurnin Ayyukan Aiki

Misali 1: Kashe umarnina kowane minti 1

* * * * * myCommand

Misali 2: Kisa a minti na 3 da 15 na kowace awa

3,15 * * * * myCommand

实例3：在上午8点到11点的第3和第15分钟执行

3,15 8-11 * * * myCommand

实例4：每隔两天的上午8点到11点的第3和第15分钟执行

3,15 8-11 */2  *  * myCommand

实例5：每周一上午8点到11点的第3和第15分钟执行

3,15 8-11 * * 1 myCommand

Misali 6: Sake kunna smb a 21:30 kowane dare

30 21 * * * /etc/init.d/smb restart

实例7：每月1、10、22日的4 : 45重启smb

45 4 1,10,22 * * /etc/init.d/smb restart

Misali 8: Sake kunna smb a 1:10 kowace Asabar da Lahadi

10 1 * * 6,0 /etc/init.d/smb restart

Misali 9: Sake kunna smb kowane minti 18 tsakanin 00:23 zuwa 00:30 kowace rana.

0,30 18-23 * * * /etc/init.d/smb restart

Misali 10: Sake kunna smb kowace Asabar da karfe 11:00 na dare

0 23 * * 6 /etc/init.d/smb restart

Misali 11: Sake kunna smb kowane awa

* */1 * * * /etc/init.d/smb restart

Misali 12: Sake kunna smb kowane awa tsakanin 11pm da 7am

* 23-7/1 * * * /etc/init.d/smb restart

Yadda ake share takamaiman aikin Crontab?

SSH shigar da umarnin crontab mai zuwa ▼

crontab -e

• Tsammanin ayyuka da yawa, share ƙayyadaddun aikin da aka tsara a cikin vim (matsar da siginar zuwa layin daidaitawa don sharewa, danna maɓallin sharewa don sharewa)

latsa :wq ajiye ku fita

Bincika don ganin ko an share aikin Crontab?

crontab -l

• An gano cewa aikin crontab da aka tsara wanda aka share bai wanzu ba, wanda ke nufin cewa gogewar ya yi nasara.

Yadda za a sake farawa Cron sabis?

Amfani da umarnin gudanar da sabis na tsarin : A wasu lokuta, kuna iya buƙatar amfani da umarnin gudanar da sabis na tsarin kai tsaye don sake kunna sabis na cron.

Musamman ma, lokacin ƙara ko gyara ayyukan da Cron ya tsara a cikin HestiaCP , dole ne a sake kunna sabis ɗin Cron domin canje-canjen su fara aiki.

Wannan yawanci ya ƙunshi ɗayan umarni masu zuwa:

• Don amfani systemd Tsari:

  sudo systemctl restart cron
  

• Don amfani init.d Rubutun don tsofaffin tsarin:

  sudo /etc/init.d/cron restart
  

• Don amfani service Tsarin umarni:

  sudo service cron restart
  

Cibiyar Kula da CWPYadda ake saita Ayyukan da aka tsara na Crontab

• A cikin aikin da aka tsara, ƙara umarnin aiki tare don aiki tare ta atomatik fayilolin ajiya na kwamitin kula da CWP zuwa GDrive.

Idan amfani da CWP Control Panel, shiga cikin CWP Control Panelna Server Setting → Crontab for root ▼

A cikin "Ƙara Cikakkun Ayyukan Cron na Custom", shigar da cikakken umarnin cron na al'ada ▼

00 7 * * * rclone sync /backup2 gdrive:cwp-backup2
55 7 * * * rclone sync /newbackup gdrive:cwp-newbackup

• (Aiki tare ta atomatik directory na gida kowace safiya da karfe 7:00 na safe /backup2zuwa faifan cibiyar sadarwa tare da sunan sanyi gdrivebackup2Kundin abun ciki)
• (Aiki tare ta atomatik directory na gida kowace safiya da karfe 7:55 na safe /newbackup  zuwa faifan cibiyar sadarwa tare da sunan sanyi gdrivecwp-newbackupKundin abun ciki)
• ƘariWordPressDon fayilolin gidan yanar gizon, ana ba da shawarar kada a yi ajiyar kuɗi da yawa, saboda gwajin ya gano cewa idan sunayen fayilolin iri ɗaya ne, amma abubuwan da ke cikin fayilolin sun bambanta, ba za a daidaita su ba.

Domin tsarin rclone na iya ci gaba da gudana a bango bayan an tsara fara aiki tare ta atomatik , zai iya cinye har zuwa 20% na albarkatun CPU, wanda ke haifar da ɓatar da albarkatun uwar garken.

Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci don ƙara cikakkiyar umarnin ɗawainiya da aka tsara don tilasta tsarin rclone don rufe ▼

00 09 * * * killall rclone

• (Rufe tsarin rclone da ƙarfi ta atomatik da ƙarfe 7:00 kowace safiya)

Idan kwamitin kula da CWP ba zai iya gyara ayyukan da aka tsara na Crontab ba, zaku iya amfani da FTP软件文件 /var/spool/cron/ Shirya ayyukan lokaci na Crontab kai tsaye.

Yadda ake amfani da rclone don adanawa a VPS? Da fatan za a danna hanyar haɗin da ke ƙasa don ganin koyaswar CentOS akan daidaitawa ta atomatik ta amfani da GDrive ▼

🔗Yadda ake amfani da madadin rclone don VPS? CentOS koyawa aiki tare ta atomatik ta amfani da GDrive