Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa CentOS6.5 ndi 7?Nanga bwanji kusankha mtundu wa CentOS7?

CentOS Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa 7 ndi 6 ndiko kusiyana kwa njira yoyambira.

• Tekinoloje yoyambira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi CentOS 7 ndi Systemd.
• Kuphatikiza apo, kuyambitsa ntchito, mafayilo oyambira, ma network network, ndi zina zambiri, zonse zikuwonetsa kusiyana kwa 6.

Tiyeni timvetse kaye Linux Kusintha kwaukadaulo waukadaulo wa CentOS!

XNUMX. Ukadaulo woyambitsa dongosolo

1. Sysvinit Technology
2. Upstart Technology
3. Systemd Technology

Sysvinit Technology

mawonekedwe:

• 1) Njira yoyamba ya dongosolo ndi init;
• 2) Njira ya init ndiyo njira ya makolo ya njira zonse ndipo sangathe kuphedwa (kuphedwa);
• 3) Makina ambiri ogawa a Linux amagwirizana ndi SystemV, yotchedwa sysvinti
• 4) Dongosolo loyimilira: CentOS 5 CentOS 6

Ubwino:

• Sysvinit imagwira ntchito bwino ndipo lingalirolo ndi losavuta komanso lomveka bwino.
• Zimadalira kwambiri zolemba za zipolopolo.

Kufooka:

• 1) Pangani dongosolo linalake -> Kuyambitsa ndikochedwa kwambiri.
• 2) Zosavuta kupachika, fstab ndi nkhani za NFS.

Upstart Technology

CentOS 6 imagwiritsa ntchito SysVinit m'malo mwaukadaulo woyambira.

Zolemba za Upstart's rc.sysinit zili ndi zokometsera zambiri kuti muchepetse nthawi yoyambitsa makina.

Komabe, kuti muchepetse zinthu kwa oyang'anira, CentOS 6 sichiwonetsa kapena kuthandizira zenizeni zambiri zatsopano.

Dongosolo loyimilira:CentOS 6, Ubuntu 14.

• systemd imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira CentOS 7, Ubuntu15.

Systemd Technology

Ukadaulo wogwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina atsopano (RedHat7, CentOS 7, Ubuntu15, etc.)

• Cholinga cha mapangidwe ndi kuthetsa zofooka zoyambirira za sysvinit ndikuwongolera bwino dongosolo loyambira;
• Yogwirizana ndi Sysvinit, kuchepetsa mtengo wa kusamutsidwa;

Ubwino waukulu:

1. kuyamba kofanana
2. Kukonza pogwiritsa ntchito PID 1

XNUMX. Kukhathamiritsa kwa yum source

Mu CentOS 6, chokhazikika ndikutsitsa mapaketi a rpm kuchokera kumagwero ovomerezeka.

• CentOS 7 imakongoletsedwa pano chifukwa cha liwiro lapang'onopang'ono la kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakunja.
• pamene tigwiritsa ntchito install软件sichimatsitsidwanso patsamba lovomerezeka mwachisawawa.
• M'malo mwake, idzapeza gwero la Yum lomwe lili pafupi kwambiri ndi malo ake kuti liyambe kutsitsa.

XNUMX. Lamulo

Ngati musankha zochepa (zochepa kwambiri) mukakhazikitsa dongosolo, lidzayikidwa mu phukusi laling'ono kusiyana ndi matembenuzidwe akale.Mwachitsanzo: VIM, gwiritsani ntchito ifconfig, mayendedwe apanjira, khwekhwe kukhazikitsa magawo, netstat, etc.Malamulo ambiri apita.

Pambuyo kukhazikitsa dongosolo, phukusi zotsatirazi zikhoza kuwonjezeredwa:

yum install lrzsz tree net-tools nmap vim bash-completion lsof dos2unix nc telnet ntp wget rng-tools psmisc screen -y
#lrzsz
 支持用于上传和下载linux的windowns平台。
 可以在windowns远程连接工具上使用。
#net-tools
 CentOS  7.2.11
 默认没有ifconfig命令。网络工具提供了一些网络命令。
#bash-completion
 自动命令完成工具。
#rng-tools
 生成随机数字池的工具。
 有了这个工具，tomcat启动速度非常快。
#psmisc
 这包含killall命令。
#screen
 创建一个新窗口并将任务置于后台。

Chachinayi, kusinthidwa kwa chikhalidwe

Mbiri ya Khalidwe ▼

/etc/locale.conf 

Mzere wolamula uli pamalo amodzi ▼

[root@CentOS 7 ~] # localectl set-locale LANG = zh_CN.UTF-8
[root@CentOS 7 ~] # localectl status
System Locale: LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
VC Keymap: us
X11 Layout: us

XNUMX. Kuwongolera koyambira

/etc/rc.local 

Fayiloyi ilipobe, koma ngati tikufuna kupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi, tifunika kuwonjezera chilolezo ▼

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

Onani Momwe Ntchito Yokhazikika ▼

systemctl status crond.service

Tsekani ntchito zomwe mwakonza ▼

systemctl stop crond.service

Onani momwe zinthu zikuyendera ▼

systemctl status crond.service

Onani ntchito zomwe zikuchitika pano ▼

systemctl list-unit-files|grep enable 

Letsani Ntchito Yaimelo ▼

systemctl disable postfix.service

Onani ngati ntchito yamakalata ndiyoyatsidwa ▼

systemctl list-unit-files|grep postfix

Zimitsani chotchinga ▼

systemctl stop firewalld.service

Yambitsani ntchito▼

systemctl is-enable

# ntchito yotseka ▼

systemctl disable

Yambani ndi /etc/rc.d/rc.local/:

/etc/rc.d/rc.local mu CentOS 7 ikufunika kuchita malamulo otsatirawa kuti apereke zilolezo zomwe zingatheke ▼

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

Six, runlevel (run level)

/etc/inittab ndi njira yosavomerezeka yosinthira chandamale

• Nthawi zonse ndizovomerezeka pakulowanso kwina

sinthani ku 5 ▼

systemctl get-default graphical.target

sinthani ku 3 ▼

systemctl get-default multi-user.target

Zothandiza kwakanthawi ▼

INIT3

Maulendo asanu okha ▼

[root@centos7 ~]# ls -lh /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel*.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel0.target -> poweroff.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel1.target -> rescue.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel2.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel3.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel4.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 16 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel5.target -> graphical.target 
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel6.target -> reboot.target

Zisanu ndi ziwiri, konzani yum source code

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

Gwero lovomerezeka la EPEL ▼

wget http://dl.fedorMaroject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm