I-Linux Crontab yenza imiyalelo yomsebenzi weskripthi rhoqo kwaye icwangcisa usetyenziso lwefayile yoqwalaselo

Inkqubo ye-cron eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yeLinux ingasinceda sifezekise iimfuno zethu zokwenza imisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo. Ngokusebenzisa izikripthi ze-cron kunye ne-shell, singenza ngokulula imiyalelo yemisebenzi enzima kakhulu kwishedyuli.

Yintoni iCron?

Sihlala sisebenzisa umyalelo we-crontab , omfutshane we-cron table.

Yifayile yoqwalaselo yecron, enokuthiwa kwakhona luluhlu lomsebenzi.

Singafumana iifayile zoqwalaselo ezifanelekileyo kwezi ncwadi zineenkcukacha zilandelayo.

• I/var/spool/cron/ directory igcina crontab imisebenzi yomsebenzisi ngamnye ukuquka ingcambu, kwaye umsebenzi ngamnye uthiywe ngomdali.
• /etc/crontab Le fayile inoxanduva lokucwangcisa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yolawulo nolondolozo.
• /etc/cron.d/ Olu lawulo lusetyenziselwa ukugcina naziphi na iifayile zecrontab okanye izikripthi eziza kuphunyezwa.
• Singakwazi nokubeka izikripthi kwi /etc/cron.hourly, /etc/cron.daily, /etc/cron.weekly, /etc/cron.monthly abalawuli, mayenze yonke iyure/usuku/iveki, inyanga.

Isetyenziswa njani iCrontab?

Imiyalelo yethu edla ngokusetyenziswa yile ilandelayo:

crontab [-u username]　　　　//省略用户名表示操作当前用户的crontab
    -e      (编辑工作表)
    -l      (列出工作表里的命令)
    -r      (删除工作表)

sisebenzisacrontab -eNgenisa ukuhlelwa kwephepha lomsebenzi lomsebenzisi wangoku, ujongano oluqhelekileyo lwe-vim.Umgca ngamnye ngumyalelo.

Hlela iPhepha lokusebenzela▼

crontab -e

Dwelisa amaphepha okusebenzela▼

crontab -l

Cima iphepha lomsebenzi ▼

crontab -r 

imiyalelo ye-crontab yakhiwe njengexesha + isenzo. Iinketho zexesha ziquka imizuzu, iiyure, usuku, inyanga, kunye noLwesihlanu. Abaqhubi baquka...

• * onke amanani kuluhlu
• / mangaphi amanani
• - ukusuka ku-X ukuya ku-Z
• ,amanani e-hash

I-Crontab yenza umzekelo ocwangcisiweyo woMsebenzi

Umzekelo 1: Yenza iMyCommand rhoqo ngomzuzu omnye

* * * * * myCommand

Umzekelo 2: Ukwenziwa kwimizuzu yesi-3 neye-15 kwiyure nganye

3,15 * * * * myCommand

实例3：在上午8点到11点的第3和第15分钟执行

3,15 8-11 * * * myCommand

实例4：每隔两天的上午8点到11点的第3和第15分钟执行

3,15 8-11 */2  *  * myCommand

实例5：每周一上午8点到11点的第3和第15分钟执行

3,15 8-11 * * 1 myCommand

Umzekelo 6: Qala kwakhona i-smb ngo-21:30 rhoqo ebusuku

30 21 * * * /etc/init.d/smb restart

实例7：每月1、10、22日的4 : 45重启smb

45 4 1,10,22 * * /etc/init.d/smb restart

Umzekelo 8: Qala kwakhona i-smb ngo-1:10 rhoqo ngoMgqibelo nangeCawa

10 1 * * 6,0 /etc/init.d/smb restart

Umzekelo 9: Qalisa kwakhona i-smb rhoqo ngemizuzu engama-18 phakathi kwentsimbi ye-00:23 kunye ne-00:30 yonke imihla.

0,30 18-23 * * * /etc/init.d/smb restart

Umzekelo 10: Qala kwakhona i-smb rhoqo ngoMgqibelo ngo-11:00 ebusuku

0 23 * * 6 /etc/init.d/smb restart

Umzekelo 11: Qala kwakhona i-smb rhoqo ngeyure

* */1 * * * /etc/init.d/smb restart

Umzekelo 12: Qala kwakhona i-smb rhoqo ngeyure phakathi kwentsimbi ye-11pm kunye ne-7am

* 23-7/1 * * * /etc/init.d/smb restart

Uwucima njani umsebenzi ochaziweyo weCrontab?

SSH ngenisa lo myalelo ulandelayo wecrontab ▼

crontab -e

• Uthatha imisebenzi emininzi, cima umsebenzi ocwangcisiweyo ochaziweyo kwi-vim (hambisa ikhesa kumgca woqwalaselo ukuze ucinywe, cofa iqhosha lokucima ukucima)

cinezela :wq gcina kwaye uphume

Jonga ukuze ubone ukuba umsebenzi weCrontab ucinyiwe na?

crontab -l

• Kufunyenwe ukuba umsebenzi ocwangcisiweyo we-crontab osanda kususwa awukho, oko kuthetha ukuba ukucima kuphumelele.

Uyiqala njani kwakhona inkonzo yeCron?

Ukusebenzisa imiyalelo yolawulo lwenkonzo yenkqubo : Kwezinye iimeko, unokufuna ukusebenzisa imiyalelo yolawulo lwenkonzo yenkqubo ngqo ukuze uqalise kwakhona inkonzo ye-cron.

Ngokukodwa, xa wongeza okanye uguqula imisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo yeCron kwiHestiaCP , inkonzo yeCron kufuneka iqaliswe kwakhona ukuze utshintsho luqale ukusebenza.

Oku kudla ngokubandakanya omnye wale miyalelo ilandelayo:

• Ukusetyenziswa systemd Inkqubo:

  sudo systemctl restart cron
  

• Ukusetyenziswa init.d Ushicilelo lweenkqubo ezindala:

  sudo /etc/init.d/cron restart
  

• Ukusetyenziswa service Inkqubo yomyalelo:

  sudo service cron restart
  

Iphaneli yokulawula yeCWPUyiseta njani iCrontab yeMisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo

• Kumsebenzi ocwangcisiweyo, yongeza umyalelo wongqamaniso ukuze ungqamanise ngokuzenzekelayo iifayile zogcino lwephaneli yolawulo yeCWP kwiGDrive.

Ukuba usebenzisa iPhaneli yoLawulo yeCWP, ngena kwiPhaneli yoLawulo yeCWPka Server Setting → Crontab for root ▼

Kwi "Yongeza iMisebenzi yeCron egcweleyo", faka lo myalelo ulandelayo we-cron yesiko ▼

00 7 * * * rclone sync /backup2 gdrive:cwp-backup2
55 7 * * * rclone sync /newbackup gdrive:cwp-newbackup

• (Vumelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo ulawulo lwasekhaya rhoqo kusasa ngentsimbi yesi-7:00 kusasa /backup2kwidisk yomsebenzi womnatha enegama loqwalaselo gdrivebackup2Isiqulatho)
• (Vumelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo ulawulo lwasekhaya rhoqo kusasa ngentsimbi yesi-7:55 kusasa /newbackup  kwidisk yomsebenzi womnatha enegama loqwalaselo gdrivecwp-newbackupIsiqulatho)
• ehambelanayoWordPressKwiifayile zewebhusayithi, kucetyiswa ukuba ungagcini ngokunyuka, kuba uvavanyo lufumene ukuba ukuba amagama eefayile afanayo, kodwa iziqulatho zeefayile ziyahluka, aziyi kulungelelaniswa.

Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo ye-rclone ingaqhubeka isebenza ngasemva emva kokuqala okucwangcisiweyo kokuvumelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo , ingadla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-20% yezixhobo ze-CPU, nto leyo ebangela ukuchithwa kwezixhobo zeseva.

Ke ngoko, kuyafuneka ukongeza umyalelo ocwangcisiweyo womsebenzi ocwangcisiweyo ngokupheleleyo ukunyanzela inkqubo yerclone ukuvala ▼

00 09 * * * killall rclone

• (Vala ngokuzenzekelayo inkqubo ye-rclone ngo-7:00 rhoqo kusasa)

Ukuba indawo yolawulo yeCWP ayinakuhlela imisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo yeCrontab, ungasebenzisa iFTP软件vula ifayile /var/spool/cron/ Hlela imisebenzi enexesha yeCrontab ngokuthe ngqo.

Uyisebenzisa njani i-rclone ukwenza ikopi ye-VPS? Nceda ucofe ikhonkco elingezantsi ukuze ubone isifundo seCentOS malunga nokuvumelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo usebenzisa i-GDrive ▼

🔗Uyisebenzisa njani i-rclone yokugcina i-VPS? Isifundo songqamaniso lwe-CentOS oluzenzekelayo usebenzisa i-GDrive