Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peCentOS6.5 ne7?Zvakadini nekusarudza shanduro yeCentOS7?

CentOS Musiyano mukuru pakati pe7 ne6 ndiwo mutsauko wekutanga maitiro.

• Iyo yekutanga tekinoroji inoshandiswa neCentOS 7 ndeye Systemd.
• Pamusoro pezvo, kutanga sevhisi, mafaera ekutanga, mirairo yetiweki, nezvimwe, zvese zvinoratidza mutsauko kubva ku6.

Ngatitangei kunzwisisa Linux Iko kushanduka kweiyo system CentOS yekutanga tekinoroji!

XNUMX. Sistimu yekutanga tekinoroji

1. Sravana Sameeralu Serial XNUMXth Sysvinit Technology
2. Sravana Sameeralu Serial XNUMXth Upstart Technology
3. Systemd tekinoroji

Sravana Sameeralu Serial XNUMXth Sysvinit Technology

chimiro:

• 1) Nzira yekutanga yehurongwa ndeyeinit;
• 2) Iyo init process ndiyo nzira yevabereki yemaitiro ese uye haigone kuurayiwa (kuurayiwa);
• 3) Yakawanda Linux yekugovera init masisitimu inoenderana neSystemV, inonzi sysvinti
• 4) Mumiriri sisitimu: CentOS 5 CentOS 6

Kubatsira:

• Sysvinit inoshanda nemazvo uye iyo pfungwa iri nyore uye yakajeka.
• Zvinonyanya kuenderana negoko scripting.

Kushaya simba:

• 1) Ita mune yakatarwa -> Kutanga kunonoka.
• 2) Zviri nyore kurembera, fstab uye NFS kukwira nyaya.

Sravana Sameeralu Serial XNUMXth Upstart Technology

CentOS 6 inoshandisa SysVinit pachinzvimbo chebhoti tekinoroji kubhutsu.

Upstart's rc.sysinit script ine akawanda optimizations kuderedza sisitimu yekutanga nguva.

Nekudaro, kurerutsa zvinhu kune maneja, CentOS 6 hairatidzi kana kutsigira zvakakwana akawanda matsva maficha.

Representative system:CentOS 6, Ubuntu 14.

• systemd inoshandiswa kubvira CentOS 7, Ubuntu15.

Systemd tekinoroji

Tekinoroji dzinoshandiswa muhurongwa hutsva (RedHat7, CentOS 7, Ubuntu15, nezvimwewo)

• Chinangwa chekugadzira ndechekugadzirisa zvikanganiso zvepakutanga zve sysvinit uye zvinobudirira kuvandudza hurongwa hwekutanga kukurumidza;
• Inoenderana neSysvinit, kuderedza mutengo wekutamisa;

The main advantage:

1. parallel kutanga
2. Maitiro ekugadzirisa uchishandisa PID 1

XNUMX. Optimization of yum source

MuCentOS 6, iyo yakasarudzika ndeyekurodha rpm mapakeji kubva kune zviri pamutemo zvinyorwa.

• CentOS 7 inogadziridzwa pano nekuda kwekunonoka kwekushandisa zviwanikwa zvekunze.
• patinoshandisa install软件haisisiri kudhawunirodhwa kubva pawebhusaiti yepamutemo nekukasira.
• Pane kudaro, inozongowana iyo Yum sosi iri padyo nenzvimbo yayo kuti itange kurodha.

XNUMX. Raira

Kana ukasarudza kushoma (iyo diki) paunenge uchiisa iyo system, inozoiswa mudiki pasuru pane yapfuura shanduro.Semuenzaniso: VIM, shandisa ifconfig, nzira yekufambisa, setup yekuseta paramita, netstat, nezvimwe.Mirairo mizhinji yaenda.

Mushure mekuisa system, mapakeji anotevera anogona kuwedzerwa:

yum install lrzsz tree net-tools nmap vim bash-completion lsof dos2unix nc telnet ntp wget rng-tools psmisc screen -y
#lrzsz
 支持用于上传和下载linux的windowns平台。
 可以在windowns远程连接工具上使用。
#net-tools
 CentOS  7.2.11
 默认没有ifconfig命令。网络工具提供了一些网络命令。
#bash-completion
 自动命令完成工具。
#rng-tools
 生成随机数字池的工具。
 有了这个工具，tomcat启动速度非常快。
#psmisc
 这包含killall命令。
#screen
 创建一个新窗口并将任务置于后台。

Chechina, iyo character set kugadziridzwa

Hunhu Seta Mbiri ▼

/etc/locale.conf 

Mutsetse wekuraira uri panzvimbo munhanho imwe chete ▼

[root@CentOS 7 ~] # localectl set-locale LANG = zh_CN.UTF-8
[root@CentOS 7 ~] # localectl status
System Locale: LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
VC Keymap: us
X11 Layout: us

XNUMX. Kutungamira kwekutanga

/etc/rc.local 

Iri faira richiripo, asi kana tichida kuenderera mberi nekushandisa iyi nzira, tinoda kuwedzera mvumo yekuita kwairi ▼

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

Ona Yakarongwa Basa Status ▼

systemctl status crond.service

Vhara mabasa akarongwa ▼

systemctl stop crond.service

Ona kushanda kwemamiriro ezvinhu ▼

systemctl status crond.service

Tarisa parizvino ari kushanda masevhisi ▼

systemctl list-unit-files|grep enable 

Dzima Basa Retsamba ▼

systemctl disable postfix.service

Tarisa kana sevhisi yetsamba yakagoneswa ▼

systemctl list-unit-files|grep postfix

Dzima firewall ▼

systemctl stop firewalld.service

Tanga sevhisi▼

systemctl is-enable

# yekuvhara sevhisi ▼

systemctl disable

Tanga ne /etc/rc.d/rc.local/:

/etc/rc.d/rc.local muCentOS 7 inoda kuita mirairo inotevera kuti ipe mvumo inogoneka ▼

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

Nhanhatu, runlevel (run level)

/etc/inittab is invalid system target replacement

• Nguva dzose inoshanda pakupinda kunotevera

chinja ku5 ▼

systemctl get-default graphical.target

chinja ku3 ▼

systemctl get-default multi-user.target

Inoshanda kwenguva ▼

INIT3

Matanho mashanu chete ekumhanya ▼

[root@centos7 ~]# ls -lh /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel*.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel0.target -> poweroff.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel1.target -> rescue.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel2.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel3.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel4.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 16 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel5.target -> graphical.target 
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Mar 20 22:31 /usr/lib/systemd/system/runlevel6.target -> reboot.target

Nomwe, gadzirisa yum source code

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

Yepamutemo EPEL sosi ▼

wget http://dl.fedorMaroject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm